MDN-0104, an Antiplasmodial Betaine Lipid from Heterospora chenopodii

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 2118-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Martín ◽  
Gloria Crespo ◽  
Víctor González-Menéndez ◽  
Guiomar Pérez-Moreno ◽  
Paula Sánchez-Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Betaine Lipid

scholarly journals Lipidomics and Anti-Inflammation Activity of Brown Algae, Lobophora sp., in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Thu Hue Pham ◽  
Van Tuyen Anh Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thanh Trung Do ◽  
Anh Duy Do ◽  
Duc Tien Dam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Molecular Forms ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
First Time ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Macro Algae ◽  
Betaine Lipid

Lobophora sp., belonging to brown macro algae phylum, is found in coral reefs. In this study, the fatty acid composition, lipid classes, polar lipid molecular forms, and bioactivities of this algae have been determined. It follows that five classes including polar lipid (Pol), sterol (ST), free fatty acids (FFA), triacylglycerol (TAG), and hydrocarbon and wax (HW), 23 fatty acids containing 5 PUFAs (ALA, GLA, AA, EPA, and DHA) and 157 molecular types of polar lipid group containing 48 phospholipid molecular forms belonging to 4 subclasses (PI (11), PC (14), PG (22), PA (1)), 45 glycolipid molecular forms classified into 3 subclasses of MGDG (8), DGDG (1), SQDG (36), and 64 betaine lipid molecular forms belonging to 2 subclasses (DGTA (37), DGTS (27)) have been identified for the first time from this algae. Furthermore, both polar lipid (PL) and unpolar lipid (UPL) show the NO inhibition activities with values of IC50 ranging from 52.10 to 66.21 µg/mL. Thus, lipid of this brown algae could promise to be a potential source for application in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutic industry.

scholarly journals Diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine-dependent lipid remodeling in a green alga, Chlorella kessleri

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaro Oishi ◽  
Rie Otaki ◽  
Yukari Iijima ◽  
Eri Kumagai ◽  
Motohide Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Chlorella Kessleri ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Green Alga Chlorella ◽  
Green Lineage ◽  
Betaine Lipid

AbstractMembrane lipid remodeling contributes to the environmental acclimation of plants. In the green lineage, a betaine lipid, diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine (DGTS), is included exclusively among green algae and nonflowering plants. Here, we show that the green alga Chlorella kessleri synthesizes DGTS under phosphorus-deficient conditions through the eukaryotic pathway via the ER. Simultaneously, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, which are similar to DGTS in their zwitterionic properties, are almost completely degraded to release 18.1% cellular phosphorus, and to provide diacylglycerol moieties for a part of DGTS synthesis. This lipid remodeling system that substitutes DGTS for extrachloroplast phospholipids to lower the P-quota operates through the expression induction of the BTA1 gene. Investigation of this lipid remodeling system is necessary in a wide range of lower green plants for a comprehensive understanding of their phosphorus deficiency acclimation strategies.

scholarly journals Phosphate starvation induces replacement of phospholipids with the betaine lipid diacylglycerol-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surabhi Naik ◽  
Rebecca Cahoon ◽  
Bridget Tripp ◽  
Christian Elowsky ◽  
Sophie Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Phosphate Starvation ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Filamentous Form ◽  
Phosphate Starvation Response ◽  
Betaine Lipid

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated that phosphate starvation induces replacement of phosphatidylcholine with the betaine lipid diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine (DGTS) in fungi. In Neurospora crassa, the BTA1 gene encodes the betaine lipid synthase, which is necessary and sufficient for DGTS synthesis. BTA1 expression and DGTS accumulation are part of the fungal phosphorus (Pi) deprivation (PHO) regulon, mediated by the NUC-1/Pho4p transcription factor. We now demonstrate that the human pathogen Candida albicans encodes a BTA1 ortholog (CaBTA1), which is activated during Pi scarcity. The CaBTA1 gene is also induced under certain biofilm-promoting conditions independent of Pi starvation. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR showed a significant increase in CaBTA1 expression in response to Pi limitation. Thin-layer chromatography and LC-ESI-MS/MS confirmed the replacement of PC with DGTS in wild-type under low Pi and showed the absence of DGTS in the bta1ΔΔ mutant.Pi limitation in the gut of critically ill patients also triggers the switching of C. albicans into an invasive filamentous form. To assess the role of BTA1 and DGTS in the pathogenicity of C. albicans in vitro, we compared the growth and morphology of bta1ΔΔ and wild type in hyphaeinducing media and observed defects in biofilm formation and invasive growth in the bta1ΔΔ mutant. This observation is complemented by RNA-seq data demonstrating that Pi starvation in planktonic C. albicans cells induces the expression of virulence-associated cell surface proteins. Taken together, these results show novel functional interactions between lipid metabolism and remodeling, biofilm formation, and the phosphate starvation response of C. albicans.

A betaine lipid from Pavlova lutheri

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misako Kato ◽  
Kyoko Adachi ◽  
Kyoko Hajiro-Nakanishi ◽  
Eiji Ishigaki ◽  
Hiroshi Sano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pavlova Lutheri ◽  
Betaine Lipid

Neutral lipids, phospholipids, and a betaine lipid of the snow mold fungus Microdochium nivale

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1051-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Istokovics ◽  
Naoki Morita ◽  
Kazuo Izumi ◽  
Tamotsu Hoshino ◽  
Isao Yumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Microdochium Nivale ◽  
Neutral Lipid Fraction ◽  
Polar Lipid Fraction ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Betaine Lipid

The hyphae of the snow mold Microdochium nivale contained lipids in a yield of about 10% w/w of the dry matter of hyphae. The total lipid was fractionated into neutral and polar lipid fractions. In the neutral lipid fraction, triacylglylcerol was the sole major component. As minor components, ergosterol, diacylglycerol, free fatty acid, and fatty acyl ergosterol were identified. The polar lipid fraction contained phospholipids, glycolipids, and a lipid containing neither phosphorus nor sugar. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidic acid were identified as phospholipids. The polar lipid fraction included at least four kinds of glycolipids that have not been identified. A very unusual lipid in fungi, a betaine lipid, diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine, was identified by chemical and physicochemical analyses. The level of the neutral lipid fraction, which accounted for 60% of the total lipid in hyphae at the exponential phase, was significantly increased compared with that of the polar lipid fraction and constituted 80% of the total at the stationary phase. The neutral and polar lipids of Microdochium nivale contained 18:3 (9,12,15), 18:2 (9,12), 18:1 (9), and 16:0 as principal fatty acids. Among them, 18:2 (9,12) and 18:3 (9,12,15) were the major fatty acids of triacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine, whereas in diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine, the major components were 16:0 and 18:3 (9,12,15).Key words: snow mold, phospholipids, betaine lipid, fatty acid, Microdochium nivale.

Two enzymes, BtaA and BtaB, are sufficient for betaine lipid biosynthesis in bacteria

2005 ◽  
Vol 441 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne R. Riekhof ◽  
Carl Andre ◽  
Christoph Benning
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Betaine Lipid
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