Lower Extent but Similar Rhythm of Osteogenic Behavior in hBMSCs Cultured on Nanofibrous Scaffolds versus Induced with Osteogenic Supplement

ACS Nano ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 6928-6938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentao Liu ◽  
Yan Wei ◽  
Xuehui Zhang ◽  
Mingming Xu ◽  
Xiaoping Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Osteogenic Supplement ◽  
Lower Extent ◽  
Similar Rhythm

Molecular profiling and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated in Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-318
Author(s):  
K. Koev ◽  
T. Stoyanchev ◽  
G. Zhelev ◽  
P. Marutsov ◽  
K. Gospodinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Acid Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Extent ◽  
Phenotype Analysis ◽  
Anal Swab ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Primary Identification ◽  
Stx1 Gene ◽  
Cattle Farms

The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in faeces of healthy dairy cattle and to determine the sensitivity of isolates to several anti­microbial drugs. A total of 1,104 anal swab samples originating from 28 cattle farms were examined. After the primary identification, 30 strains were found to belong to serogroup О157. By means of conventional multiplex PCR, isolates were screened for presence of resistance genes stx1, stx2 and eaeА. Twenty-nine strains possesses amplicons with a size corresponding to genes stx2 and eaeA, one had amplicons also for the stx1 gene and one lacked amplicons of all three genes. Twenty-eight strains demonstrated amplicons equivalent to gene H7. The results from phenotype analysis of resistance showed preserved sensitivity to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cephalothin, streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, enrofloxacin and combinations sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Sensitivity to ampicillin was relatively preserved, although at a lower extent.

Fabrication and Assessment of Gentamicin Loaded Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds as a Quick Wound Healing Dressing Material

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charu Dwivedi ◽  
Himanshu Pandey ◽  
Avinash Pandey ◽  
Pramod Ramteke
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds

Agricultural Trade and Ultra-Poor in Pakistan: An Application of CGE Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 097639962110106
Author(s):  
Saud Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Aamir Khan ◽  
Usman Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Lower Extent ◽  
Potential Impact

In the modern integrated world, the synthesis of countries for trade is often viewed as a crucial source of income and growth disparities across nations. Well-known channels of economic theory can trace the growth effects of trade. However, there is a substantial conflict among empirical studies regarding gains from agricultural trade. Therefore, this study examines the economy-wide impact of agriculture trade liberalization/protection on agriculture production, agriculture trade, income redistribution and public welfare. An extension of the GTAP model known as MyGTAP is employed and the world economy is disaggregated into 20 regions and 11 sectors with Pakistan as a home country. Further, results explore greater gains from an increased level of liberalization towards the agriculture sector in terms of agriculture production, real factors’ wage, terms of trade and household welfare. Rural households enjoy relatively higher real income and income inequality declines in Pakistan in the case of liberalization and protection. However, comparatively protectionism reduces inequality by the lower extent, and said study also points out that neither change in real gross domestic product nor public welfare turns out to be a good indicator of assessing potential impact of trade policies on income inequality.

scholarly journals Comparing Ligninolytic Capabilities of Bacterial and Fungal Dye-Decolorizing Peroxidases and Class-II Peroxidase-Catalases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2629
Author(s):  
Dolores Linde ◽  
Iván Ayuso-Fernández ◽  
Marcos Laloux ◽  
José E. Aguiar-Cervera ◽  
Antonio L. de Lacey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veratryl Alcohol ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Lower Extent ◽  
Lignin Model ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Compound Ii ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Lignin Macromolecule

We aim to clarify the ligninolytic capabilities of dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs) from bacteria and fungi, compared to fungal lignin peroxidase (LiP) and versatile peroxidase (VP). With this purpose, DyPs from Amycolatopsis sp., Thermomonospora curvata, and Auricularia auricula-judae, VP from Pleurotus eryngii, and LiP from Phanerochaete chrysosporium were produced, and their kinetic constants and reduction potentials determined. Sharp differences were found in the oxidation of nonphenolic simple (veratryl alcohol, VA) and dimeric (veratrylglycerol-β- guaiacyl ether, VGE) lignin model compounds, with LiP showing the highest catalytic efficiencies (around 15 and 200 s−1·mM−1 for VGE and VA, respectively), while the efficiency of the A. auricula-judae DyP was 1–3 orders of magnitude lower, and no activity was detected with the bacterial DyPs. VP and LiP also showed the highest reduction potential (1.28–1.33 V) in the rate-limiting step of the catalytic cycle (i.e., compound-II reduction to resting enzyme), estimated by stopped-flow measurements at the equilibrium, while the T. curvata DyP showed the lowest value (1.23 V). We conclude that, when using realistic enzyme doses, only fungal LiP and VP, and in much lower extent fungal DyP, oxidize nonphenolic aromatics and, therefore, have the capability to act on the main moiety of the native lignin macromolecule.

scholarly journals Nanocarriers, Progenitor Cells, Combinational Approaches, and New Insights on the Retinal Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1776
Author(s):  
Elham Pishavar ◽  
Hongrong Luo ◽  
Johanna Bolander ◽  
Antony Atala ◽  
Seeram Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Transfection Efficiency ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
The Stability

Progenitor cells derived from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPECs) have shown promise as therapeutic approaches to degenerative retinal disorders including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease. However, the degeneration of Bruch’s membrane (BM), the natural substrate for the RPE, has been identified as one of the major limitations for utilizing RPECs. This degeneration leads to decreased support, survival and integration of the transplanted RPECs. It has been proposed that the generation of organized structures of nanofibers, in an attempt to mimic the natural retinal extracellular matrix (ECM) and its unique characteristics, could be utilized to overcome these limitations. Furthermore, nanoparticles could be incorporated to provide a platform for improved drug delivery and sustained release of molecules over several months to years. In addition, the incorporation of tissue-specific genes and stem cells into the nanostructures increased the stability and enhanced transfection efficiency of gene/drug to the posterior segment of the eye. This review discusses available drug delivery systems and combination therapies together with challenges associated with each approach. As the last step, we discuss the application of nanofibrous scaffolds for the implantation of RPE progenitor cells with the aim to enhance cell adhesion and support a functionally polarized RPE monolayer.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers of Natural and Synthetic Polymers as Artificial Extracellular Matrix for Tissue Engineering

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Mina Keshvardoostchokami ◽  
Sara Seidelin Majidi ◽  
Peipei Huo ◽  
Rajan Ramachandran ◽  
Menglin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Artificial Extracellular Matrix

Many types of polymer nanofibers have been introduced as artificial extracellular matrices. Their controllable properties, such as wettability, surface charge, transparency, elasticity, porosity and surface to volume proportion, have attracted much attention. Moreover, functionalizing polymers with other bioactive components could enable the engineering of microenvironments to host cells for regenerative medical applications. In the current brief review, we focus on the most recently cited electrospun nanofibrous polymeric scaffolds and divide them into five main categories: natural polymer-natural polymer composite, natural polymer-synthetic polymer composite, synthetic polymer-synthetic polymer composite, crosslinked polymers and reinforced polymers with inorganic materials. Then, we focus on their physiochemical, biological and mechanical features and discussed the capability and efficiency of the nanofibrous scaffolds to function as the extracellular matrix to support cellular function.

Modeling tensile strength and suture retention of polycaprolactone electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds by artificial neural networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 102115
Author(s):  
B.S. Reddy ◽  
Kim Hong In ◽  
Bharat B. Panigrahi ◽  
Uma Maheswera Reddy Paturi ◽  
K.K. Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Artificial Neural

Aflatoxin B1 Cytotoxicity in Neurons in Culture

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Bonsi ◽  
Maura Palmery ◽  
Gabriella Augusti-Tocco
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Human Brain Tissue ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Toxin Concentration ◽  
Lower Extent ◽  
Neuronal Cell Lines ◽  
Aflatoxin B

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a metabolite produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, is mainly known for its strong hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic actions. Acute and reversible effects due to exposure to aflatoxin and the presence of aflatoxins in various human tissues and organs have also been reported. In particular, aflatoxin M1 (a metabolite of AFB1) has been identified in human brain tissue, and a syndrome characterised by encephalopathy has been observed in humans poisoned by AFB1. As a first approach to the study of the neurotoxicity of AFB1, we used the human neuronal cell lines, SKNMC and SKNSH. The data reported show clearly that AFB1 is capable of interacting directly with neuronal cells and causing a decrease in cell number following the addition of toxin to the culture. Decrease in cell survival is dependent on the toxin concentration, on time of exposure, and on cell density. The cytotoxic response of these cells has been compared to the effects of AFB1 on hepatoma cells and spinal cord motor neurons. Postmitotic neurons are also susceptible to AFB1 toxicity, although to a lower extent than proliferating cells. A non-proliferating state thus appears to lower, but not destroy, neuron sensitivity to the toxin.

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