Synergetic Protein Factors That Improve rhGM-CSF Absorption via an Oral Route Exist in Silkworm Pupae

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1347-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenping Zhang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Qiang Fang ◽  
Jianhong Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Route ◽  
Silkworm Pupae ◽  
Csf Absorption

Effect of carbofuran on quantitative and qualitative alterations in haemolymph of larva of Oryctes rhinoceros L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300
Author(s):  
V.S. Salini
Keyword(s):  
Oral Route ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Oryctes Rhinoceros ◽  
Total Haemocyte Count ◽  
Differential Haemocyte Count ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Investigation to evaluate the toxicity of carbofuran pesticides on haematological parameters of third instar larvae of Oryctes rhinoceros L. Indicated alterations in total haemocyte count and differential haemocyte count for toxicity assessment. Various doses of carbofuran (0.05g, 0.010g and 0.015 g) applied on insect through oral route and its impact after 24 hours of its application revealed that various doses of carbofuran exert specific alterations in both total and differential haemocytes of insect haemolymph.

Formulation and Evaluation of Microbially- triggered tablets of Valdecoxib

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surender Verma ◽  
S. Singh ◽  
D. Mishra ◽  
Atul Gupta ◽  
Rakesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Dissolution Study ◽  
Caecal Content ◽  
Model Drug

The objective of present study was to develop colon targeted drug delivery using bacterially triggered approach through oral route. Valdecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor) was chosen as a model drug in order to target it to colon which may prove useful in inflammatory bowel disease and related disorders. Matrix tablets of Valdecoxib were prepared by wet granulation technique utilizing different ratio of Guar gum and Sodium starch glycholate. The prepared matrix tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, uniformity of content, hardness and in vitro dissolution study in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid (Phosphate Buffer pH-1.2, pH-6.8 and pH-7.4), followed by Dissolution study in bio-relevant dissolution media Phosphate Buffer (pH-6.8) containing rat caecal content. The results revealed that the formulated batch had released lesser quantity of drug at pH 1.2 and pH 7.4 in 2 hors whereas in biorelevent dissolution media containing rat caecal content it released significantly higher amount of drug which was also significantly higher than the dissolution media of same pH without caecal content (microflora) and it was concluded that guar gum can be used as a potential carrier for targeting drugs to colon.

A Review on Fast Dissolving Tablet

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar T. Malsane ◽  
Smita S. Aher ◽  
R. B. Saudagar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Orally Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Oral route is presently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most economical and most convenient method of drug delivery resulting in highest patient compliance. Over the past three decades, orally disintegrating tablets (FDTs) have gained considerable attention due to patient compliance. Usually, elderly people experience difficulty in swallowing the conventional dosage forms like tablets, capsules, solutions and suspensions because of tremors of extremities and dysphagia. In some cases such as motion sickness, sudden episodes of allergic attack or coughing, and an unavailability of water, swallowing conventional tablets may be difficult. One such problem can be solved in the novel drug delivery system by formulating “Fast dissolving tablets” (FDTs) which disintegrates or dissolves rapidly without water within few seconds in the mouth due to the action of superdisintegrant or maximizing pore structure in the formulation. The review describes the various formulation aspects, superdisintegrants employed and technologies developed for FDTs, along with various excipients, evaluation tests, marketed formulation and drugs used in this research area.

Outcome and Safety of Different Cumulative Doses and Protocols of Intravenous Methylprednisolone in Moderate to Severe and Active Graves’ Ophthalmopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Amelya Permata Sari ◽  
M Sidik ◽  
Syntia Nusanti
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Aperture Size ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Intravenous Methylprednisolone ◽  
Graves Ophthalmopathy ◽  
Graves Orbitopathy

Background: Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO), also known as Graves’ orbitopathy or thyroid eye disease, has a potential sight-threatening complications. The activity and severity are important determinants in GO and are implications for treatment. Intravenous Glucocorticoid (GC) was associated with significantly greater efficacy and was better tolerated than oral route in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe and active GO. Intravenous GC has a variation cumulative dose and protocols; meanwhile the optimal treatment is still undefined. The aim of this literature review was to analyze the outcome and safety of different cumulative doses and protocols of intravenous methylprednisolone of patients with moderate to severe and active GO. Methods: The literature search was conducted from Google Scholar and Pubmed for journal articles that were published and related to the use of IVGC in moderate to severe and active GO Results: From the keywords mentioned, titles were screened for eligibility and seventeen articles were found. After being checked for the duplication, the articles were screened based on the abstracts and/or full texts. As many as eight articles met the inclusion criteria, others were excluded. Conclusion: Intravenous GC therapy in moderate to severe and active GO provide effect in reducing CAS, decreasing lid aperture size, decreasing proptosis size, and disappearing diplopia. A protocol uses a low cumulative doses (<5 g) of methylprednisolone weekly for 6 weeks and then halved dose weekly for another 6 weeks are preferred due to higher response in clinical outcome and safety profile.

Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Water-Soluble Antifungal Drug Acyclovir by Nanocrystal Formulation Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 4036-4042
Author(s):  
Prakash Goudanavar ◽  
Ankit Acharya ◽  
Vinay C.H
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
Ft Ir

Administration of an antiviral drug, acyclovir via the oral route leads to low and variable bioavailability (15-30%). Therefore, this research work was aimed to enhance bioavailability of acyclovir by nanocrystallization technique. The drug nanocrystals were prepared by anti-solvent precipitation method in which different stabilizers were used. The formed nanocrystals are subjected to biopharmaceutical characterization including solubility, particle size and in-vitro release. SEM studies showed nano-crystals were crystalline nature with sharp peaks. The formulated drug nanocrystals were found to be in the range of 600-900nm and formulations NC7 and NC8 showed marked improvement in dissolution velocity when compared to pure drug, thus providing greater bioavailability. FT-IR and DSC studies revealed the absence of any chemical interaction between drug and polymers used. 

Novel Approaches for Oral Delivery of Insulin and Current Status of Oral Insulin Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinesh V P ◽  
Neelam D P ◽  
Punit B ◽  
Bhavesh S.B ◽  
Pragna K. S
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Insulin Administration ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Dose Dependent

Diabetes mellitus is a serious pathologic condition that is responsible for major healthcare problems worldwide and costing billions of dollars annually. Insulin replacement therapy has been used in the clinical management of diabetes mellitus for more than 84 years. The present mode of insulin administration is by the subcutaneous route through which insulin is presented to the body in a non-physiological manner having many challenges. Hence novel approaches for insulin delivery are being explored. Challenges to oral route of insulin administration are: rapid enzymatic degradation in the stomach, inactivation and digestion by proteolytic enzymes in the intestinal lumen and poor permeability across intestinal epithelium because of its high molecular weight and lack of lipophilicity. Liposomes, microemulsions, nanocubicles, and so forth have been prepared for the oral delivery of insulin. Chitosan-coated microparticles protected insulin from the gastric environment of the body and released intestinal pH. Limitations to the delivery of insulin have not resulted in fruitful results to date and there is still a need to prepare newer delivery systems, which can produce dose-dependent and reproducible effects, in addition to increased bioavailability.

Transcending the Cutaneous Barrier Through Nanocarrier Exploration for Passive Delivery of Anti-hypertensive Drugs: A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-209
Author(s):  
Lalit Kumar ◽  
Puneet Utreja
Keyword(s):  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Transdermal Route

Background: Hypertension comes under the category of chronic disease, which requires long term treatment. Hypertension is usually treated by oral administration of various therapeutic agents. There are several limitations of the oral route, making pharmaceutical scientists to discover an alternative route for drug delivery. Methods: The transdermal route may be a better alternative as it shows various advantages like lack of first-pass effect and high patient compliance. The skin may act as a primary barrier for the transdermal delivery of anti-hypertensive drugs; therefore, new approaches are required to cross this barrier. Nanocarrier systems come under these new approaches to cross the skin barrier. Various nanocarrier systems explored for transdermal delivery of antihypertensive drugs are liposomes, elastic liposomes, ethosomes, transethosomes, oleic acid vesicles, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions/microemulsions, and carbon nanotubes. Results: This review summarizes the potential of advanced nanocarrier systems for effective management of hypertension following the transdermal route. The entire literature search regarding the utility of nanocarrier systems in transdermal delivery of antihypertensive drugs was done by using Pubmed and Google Scholar. Conclusion: Nanocarrier systems are capable of reducing various drawbacks of conventional formulations of antihypertensive drugs like excessive first-pass effects, high dosing frequency, and toxicity promoting high patient compliance. However, the clinical efficacy determination of such nanocarrier systems is still a challenge and it will govern their presence in the global pharmaceutical market.

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