Structure Buildup in Hyperbranched Polymers from 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic Acid

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 3099-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heléne Magnusson ◽  
Eva Malmström ◽  
Anders Hult
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Hyperbranched Polymers

Propionic Acid Shapes the Course of Multiple Sclerosis by a Distinct Immunomodulatory and Neuroprotective Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Duscha ◽  
Barbara Gisevius ◽  
Sarah Hirschberg ◽  
Stefanie Haase ◽  
Gabriele I. Stangl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Propionic Acid

Excess molar volumes of binary mixtures of acetic acid and propionic acid with some members of homologous series of alkanes

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Drábek ◽  
Ivan Cibulka
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Excess Molar Volumes ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Entire Concentration Range ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Alkane Molecule ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Excess molar volumes of binary liquid mixtures of (acetic or propionic acid = hexane) at 25 and 35°C, and (acetic or propionic acid + heptane or octane) and (acetic acid + dodecane) at 25°C, measured with a tilting dilution dilatometer, are reported. The excess volumes are positive over the entire concentration range for all mixtures and increase with increasing length of an alkane molecule, decrease with increasing of the alkyl chain in a molecule of carboxylic acid, and increase with increasing temperature.

Vapour-liquid equilibrium in the ternary system cyclohexane-acetic acid-propionic acid

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2840-2847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivona Malijevská ◽  
Alena Maštalková ◽  
Marie Sýsová
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Error Propagation ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Consistency Test ◽  
Propagation Law ◽  
Equilibrium Data

Isobaric equilibrium data (P = 101.3 kPa) for the system cyclohexane-acetic acid-propionic acid have been measured by two different analytical techniques. Activity coefficients calculated by simultaneous solving of equations for the chemical and phase equilibria were subjected to a consistency test based on inaccuracies determined from the error propagation law, and were correlated by Wilson’s equation. The activity coefficients measured were compared with those calculated from binary vapour-liquid equilibrium data and with values predicted by the UNIFAC method.

scholarly journals Multiple-Responsive Dendronized Hyperbranched Polymers

ACS Omega ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 7667-7674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiacong Zhang ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Jiatao Yan ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Wen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperbranched Polymers

XXI.—The Synthesis of Some Methyl- and Dimethylfluoranthenes

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
H. F. Andrew ◽  
Neil Campbell ◽  
E. M. Swan ◽  
N. H. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Benzene Ring ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Ring Closure ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Image Position

3-Methylfluorene-9-propionic acid (1) with hydrofluoric acid undergoes ring-closure on the substituted ring to give 1,2,3,10b-tetrahydro-5-methylfluoranthen-3-one (II).Wolff-Kishner reduction of the ketone yielded l,2,3,10b-tetrahydro-5-methylfluoranthene which on dehydrogenation gave 2-methylfluoranthene (III, R=H) identical with a sample prepared according to the method of Tucker (1952) and differing from 8-methylfluoranthene. This proved that ring-closure of (I) had occurred as expected on the methyl-bearing benzene ring. In this instance ring-closure occurs in the position meta to the methyl group and is reminiscent of the similar ring-closure of 2-phenyl-2-p-tolylpropionic acid to give 6-methyl-3-phenylindanone (Pfeiffer and Roos 1941). It thus provided a further example of the limitations of von Braun's statement that Friedel-Crafts ring-closure occurs much less readily at the position meta to a methyl group than on a phenyl ring (von Braun, Manz and Reinsch 1928).

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