Temperature Effects on the Living Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene:  Determination of Spontaneous Chain-Transfer Constants in the Presence of Terminative Chain Transfer

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (14) ◽  
pp. 4439-4446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Fodor ◽  
Young Cheol Bae ◽  
Rudolf Faust
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Living Cationic Polymerization

scholarly journals Visible Light-Controlled Living Cationic Polymerization of Methoxystyrene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shaodong Zhang ◽  
Yongfeng Zhou ◽  
Yupo Xu ◽  
Quan Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Living Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Green Led ◽  
Polymerization System ◽  
Lytic System

Photo-controlled living polymerization has received great attention in recent years. However, despite the great success therein, the report on photo-controlled living cationic polymerization has been greatly limited. We demonstrate here a novel decolorable, metal-free and visible light-controlled living cationic polymerization system by using tris(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methylium tetrafluoroborate as the photocatalyst and phosphate as the chain transfer agent (CTA) for polymerization of 4-methoxystyrene. This polymerization reaction under green LED light irradiation shows clear living characteristics including predictable molar mass, narrow molar-mass dispersity (Đ = 1.25), and sequential polymerization capability. In addition, the photocata-lytic system exits excellent “on-off” photo switchability and shows the longest “off period” of 36 h up to now for photo-controlled cationic polymerization. Furthermore, the residual photo-catalyst is easily deactivated and decolored with addition of a base after the polymerization.

Polyisoprene synthesized via cationic polymerization: State of the art

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 2065-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Ouardad ◽  
Alain Deffieux ◽  
Frédéric Peruch
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Polymerization Mechanism ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Living Cationic Polymerization

In this paper, more than 70 years of cationic polymerization of isoprene (IP) are reviewed. Up to now, the controlled or living cationic polymerization of IP was never reported due to numerous side reactions, including chain transfer, cyclization, and cross-linking reactions that were very difficult to control. Cationic polyisoprenes (PIPs) are thus described to be mainly 1,4-trans with saturated/cyclized sequences. Although progress was made for their characterization due to many analysis techniques, cationic PIPs are still not yet fully characterized, particularly the saturated sequences. As a consequence, even if suggestions are proposed, polymerization mechanism is still not fully elucidated.

scholarly journals Visible Light-Controlled Living Cationic Polymerization of Methoxystyrene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shaodong Zhang ◽  
Yongfeng Zhou ◽  
Yupo Xu ◽  
Quan Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Living Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Green Led ◽  
Polymerization System ◽  
Lytic System

Photo-controlled living polymerization has received great attention in recent years. However, despite the great success therein, the report on photo-controlled living cationic polymerization has been greatly limited. We demonstrate here a novel decolorable, metal-free and visible light-controlled living cationic polymerization system by using tris(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methylium tetrafluoroborate as the photocatalyst and phosphate as the chain transfer agent (CTA) for polymerization of 4-methoxystyrene. This polymerization reaction under green LED light irradiation shows clear living characteristics including predictable molar mass, narrow molar-mass dispersity (Đ = 1.25), and sequential polymerization capability. In addition, the photocata-lytic system exits excellent “on-off” photo switchability and shows the longest “off period” of 36 h up to now for photo-controlled cationic polymerization. Furthermore, the residual photo-catalyst is easily deactivated and decolored with addition of a base after the polymerization.

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