Part 2. Crossover from Depletion Attraction to Adsorption:  Polyethylene Glycol Induced Electrostatic Repulsion between Lipid Bilayers

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (23) ◽  
pp. 8258-8263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonya L. Kuhl ◽  
Alan D. Berman ◽  
Sek Wen Hui ◽  
Jacob N. Israelachvili
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Electrostatic Repulsion

Highly Hydrated Deformable Polyethylene Glycol-Tethered Lipid Bilayers

Langmuir ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (31) ◽  
pp. 9442-9447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Hertrich ◽  
Frank Stetter ◽  
Adrian Rühm ◽  
Thorsten Hugel ◽  
Bert Nickel
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Lipid Bilayers

scholarly journals Urea-mediated anomalous diffusion in supported lipid bilayers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 20180028 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Weatherill ◽  
H. L. E. Coker ◽  
M. R. Cheetham ◽  
M. I. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Lipid Bilayer ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Anomalous Diffusion ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Supported Lipid Bilayers

Diffusion in biological membranes is seldom simply Brownian motion; instead, the rate of diffusion is dependent on the time scale of observation and so is often described as anomalous. In order to help better understand this phenomenon, model systems are needed where the anomalous diffusion of the lipid bilayer can be tuned and quantified. We recently demonstrated one such model by controlling the excluded area fraction in supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) through the incorporation of lipids derivatized with polyethylene glycol. Here, we extend this work, using urea to induce anomalous diffusion in SLBs. By tuning incubation time and urea concentration, we produce bilayers that exhibit anomalous behaviour on the same scale as that observed in biological membranes.

Structure and Thermodynamics of Lipid Bilayers on Polyethylene Glycol Cushions: Fact and Fiction of PEG Cushioned Membranes

Langmuir ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (22) ◽  
pp. 13618-13628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik B. Watkins ◽  
Rita J. El-khouri ◽  
Chad E. Miller ◽  
Brian G. Seaby ◽  
Jaroslaw Majewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Lipid Bilayers

scholarly journals The Cytotoxic Fimbrial Structural Subunit of Xenorhabdus nematophila Is a Pore-Forming Toxin

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (22) ◽  
pp. 7957-7962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotirmoy Banerjee ◽  
Jitendra Singh ◽  
Mohan Chandra Joshi ◽  
Shubhendu Ghosh ◽  
Nirupama Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Xenorhabdus Nematophila ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Fimbrial Subunit ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Structural Subunit ◽  
Target Cell Membrane

ABSTRACT We have purified a fimbrial shaft protein (MrxA) of Xenorhabdus nematophila. The soluble monomeric protein lysed larval hemocytes of Helicoverpa armigera. Osmotic protection of the cells with polyethylene glycol suggested that the 17-kDa MrxA subunit makes pores in the target cell membrane. The internal diameter of the pores was estimated to be >2.9 nm. Electron microscopy confirmed the formation of pores by the fimbrial subunit. MrxA protein oligomerized in the presence of liposomes. Electrophysiological studies demonstrated that MrxA formed large, voltage-gated passive-diffusion channels in lipid bilayers.

Direct Measurement of Polyethylene Glycol Induced Depletion Attraction between Lipid Bilayers

Langmuir ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3003-3014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonya Kuhl ◽  
Yuqing Guo ◽  
James L. Alderfer ◽  
Alan D. Berman ◽  
Deborah Leckband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Direct Measurement

Part 1. Direct Measurement of Depletion Attraction and Thin Film Viscosity between Lipid Bilayers in Aqueous Polyethylene Glycol Solutions

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (23) ◽  
pp. 8250-8257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonya L. Kuhl ◽  
Alan D. Berman ◽  
Sek Wen Hui ◽  
Jacob N. Israelachvili
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Thin Film Viscosity ◽  
Film Viscosity

Observation of Concanavalin-A receptors on hydrated planar erythrocyte membrane film by in situ electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 608-609
Author(s):  
Neng-Bo He ◽  
S.W. Hui
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Black Lipid Membranes ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Planar Films

Monolayers and planar "black" lipid membranes have been widely used as models for studying the structure and properties of biological membranes. Because of the lack of a suitable method to prepare these membranes for electron microscopic observation, their ultrastructure is so far not well understood. A method of forming molecular bilayers over the holes of fine mesh grids was developed by Hui et al. to study hydrated and unsupported lipid bilayers by electron diffraction, and to image phase separated domains by diffraction contrast. We now adapted the method of Pattus et al. of spreading biological membranes vesicles on the air-water interfaces to reconstitute biological membranes into unsupported planar films for electron microscopic study. hemoglobin-free human erythrocyte membrane stroma was prepared by hemolysis. The membranes were spreaded at 20°C on balanced salt solution in a Langmuir trough until a surface pressure of 20 dyne/cm was reached. The surface film was repeatedly washed by passing to adjacent troughs over shallow partitions (fig. 1).

Immunocytochemical detection of hepatic carbohydrate metabolic enzymes: Improved resolution with polyethylene glycol embedding and visio-bond semithin sections

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 792-793
Author(s):  
Kuixiong Gao ◽  
Randal E. Morris ◽  
Bruce F. Giffin ◽  
Robert R. Cardell
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Glycogen Phosphorylase ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Metabolic Enzymes ◽  
Silver Stain ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Immunocytochemical Detection ◽  
Semithin Sections ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

Several enzymes are involved in the regulation of anabolic and catabolic pathways of carbohydrate metabolism in liver parenchymal cells. The lobular distribution of glycogen synthase (GS), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) was studied by immunocytochemistry using cryosections of normal fed and fasted rat liver. Since sections of tissue embedded in polyethylene glycol (PEG) show good morphological preservation and increased detectability for immunocytochemical localization of antigenic sites, and semithin sections of Visio-Bond (VB) embedded tissue provide higher resolution of cellular structure, we applied these techniques and immunogold-silver stain (IGSS) for a more accurate localization of hepatic carbohydrate metabolic enzymes.

Directional observation on lipid of male nectary of Lindera megaphylla hemsl. by the rapid embedding method with polyethylene glycol (PEG)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-719
Author(s):  
Dai Dalin ◽  
Guo Jianmin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Unsaturated Lipid ◽  
Embedding Method ◽  
Long Period ◽  
New Methods

Lipid cytochemistry has not yet advanced far at the EM level. A major problem has been the loss of lipid during dehydration and embedding. Although the adoption of glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide accelerate the chemical reaction of lipid and osmium tetroxide can react on the double bouds of unsaturated lipid to from the osmium black, osmium tetroxide can be reduced in saturated lipid and subsequently some of unsaturated lipid are lost during dehydration. In order to reduce the loss of lipid by traditional method, some researchers adopted a few new methods, such as the change of embedding procedure and the adoption of new embedding media, to solve the problem. In a sense, these new methods are effective. They, however, usually require a long period of preparation. In this paper, we do research on the fiora nectary strucure of lauraceae by the rapid-embedding method wwith PEG under electron microscope and attempt to find a better method to solve the problem mentioned above.

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