Atomistically Modeling the Chemical Potential of Small Molecules in Dense Polymer Microstructures. 2. Water Sorption by Polyamides

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (20) ◽  
pp. 6114-6119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Knopp ◽  
Ulrich W. Suter
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Polymer Microstructures

Atomistically Modeling the Chemical Potential of Small Molecules in Dense Polymer Microstructures. 1. Method

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (20) ◽  
pp. 6107-6113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Knopp ◽  
Ulrich W. Suter ◽  
Andrei A. Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Polymer Microstructures

Atomistically Modeling the Chemical Potential of Small Molecules in Dense Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (7) ◽  
pp. 2413-2417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Dömötör ◽  
Reinhard Hentschke
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chemical Potential

scholarly journals Sorption Properties of the Natural, K and Partially Deammoniated (H/NH4) Forms of Clinoptilolite

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W. Kasture ◽  
P.N. Joshi ◽  
H.S. Sorti ◽  
V.V. Joshi ◽  
A.L. Choudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
Tg And Dta ◽  
Different Temperatures

A sample collected from the Aurangabad District, Maharashtra, India was characterized by XRD, IR, TG and DTA methods, and by chemical analysis, as a calcium-rich clinoptilolite. Two different methods involving exchange with KOH or NH4Cl led to the formation of K-clinoptilolite (K-Clino) and H/NH4-clinoptilolite (H/NH4-Clino). Water sorption studies were carried out on the parent clinoptilolite (P-Clino), K-Clino and H/NH4-Clino at five different temperatures in the range 303–423 K. Different adsorption models were applied to the data obtained from such sorption studies. Thermodynamic parameters such as the chemical potential were also computed from the sorption data and their significance is discussed.

Chemical potential gradient driven permeation of small molecules through polymeric media

1997 ◽  
Vol 107 (24) ◽  
pp. 10714-10722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Sunderrajan ◽  
Carol K. Hall ◽  
Benny D. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Chemical Potential Gradient ◽  
Polymeric Media

Effects of Cell Structure on Water Sorption for Wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nakano
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Modulus ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Swelling Strain ◽  
Thin Crystal

Summary Contributions of the cell structure of wood to water sorption were examined using the chemical potential change induced by restrained swelling. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that this potential was proportional to the product of moisture content and the bulk modulus of the restraining region in the wood. The modulus of the restricting region, which was calculated from isotherm curves of wood powder and block samples by using the thermodynamically derived relationship, was near that obtained from the swelling strain and stress in the cross section for whole wood. These results demonstrated that S1 and S3 layers in the cell wall, where thin crystal threads called microfibrils are wound helically in the circumference, act to resist swelling so that the isotherm curve of the block sample was lower than that of wood powder.

Gap junctions in the prothoracic glands of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 706-707
Author(s):  
Ji-da Dai ◽  
M. Joseph Costello ◽  
Lawrence I. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Prothoracic Glands ◽  
Polyhydroxylated Steroids ◽  
Stimulation Of

Insect molting and metamorphosis are elicited by a class of polyhydroxylated steroids, ecdysteroids, that originate in the prothoracic glands (PGs). Prothoracicotropic hormone stimulation of steroidogenesis by the PGs at the cellular level involves both calcium and cAMP. Cell-to-cell communication mediated by gap junctions may play a key role in regulating signal transduction by controlling the transmission of small molecules and ions between adjacent cells. This is the first report of gap junctions in the PGs, the evidence obtained by means of SEM, thin sections and freeze-fracture replicas.

Fusion and Fission Processes in Exocytosis: Possible Roles for Synexin and Osmotic Lysis in the Two Events

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 594-597
Author(s):  
H.B. Pollard ◽  
C.E. Creutz ◽  
C.J. Pazoles ◽  
J.H. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
Large Protein ◽  
Granule Membrane ◽  
Osmotic Lysis ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Chemical Evidence

Exocytosis is a general concept describing secretion of enzymes, hormones and transmitters that are otherwise sequestered in intracellular granules. Chemical evidence for this concept was first gathered from studies on chromaffin cells in perfused adrenal glands, in which it was found that granule contents, including both large protein and small molecules such as adrenaline and ATP, were released together while the granule membrane was retained in the cell. A number of exhaustive reviews of this early work have been published and are summarized in Reference 1. The critical experiments demonstrating the importance of extracellular calcium for exocytosis per se were also first performed in this system (2,3), further indicating the substantial service given by chromaffin cells to those interested in secretory phenomena over the years.

Chemical potential and dimensions of chain molecules in athermal environments

1996 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1733-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO ESCOBEDO ◽  
JUAN DE PABLO
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Chain Molecules
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