A Dithienothiophene Derivative as a Long-Wavelength Photosensitizer for Onium Salt Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 3468-3471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binnur Aydogan ◽  
Ali Senol Gundogan ◽  
Turan Ozturk ◽  
Yusuf Yagci
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Onium Salt

Quinoxaline derivatives as long wavelength photosensitizers in photoinitiated cationic polymerization of diaryliodonium salts

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umut Bulut ◽  
Merve Kolay ◽  
Simge Tarkuc ◽  
Yasemin Arslan Udum ◽  
Levent Toppare
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Diaryliodonium Salts ◽  
Quinoxaline Derivatives

scholarly journals Naphthoxy Bounded Ferrocenium Salts as Cationic Photoinitiators for Epoxy Photopolymerization

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zh. Q. Li ◽  
M. Li ◽  
G. L. Li ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
X. N. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
Arene Ligands ◽  
Epoxy Monomer ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization

To improve the absorption and the bulk of arene ligands, two naphthoxy bounded ferrocenium salts as new cationic photoinitiators, (η6-α-naphthoxybenzene) (η5-cyclopentadienyl) iron hexafluorophosphate (NOFC-1) and (η6-β-naphthoxybenzene) (η5-cyclopentadienyl) iron hexafluorophosphate (NOFC-2), were synthesized, characterized, and studied. NOFC-1 and NOFC-2 were prepared by the reaction of nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) with naphthol and chlorobenzene-cyclopentadienyliron salt. Their activity as cationic photoinitiators was studied using real-time infrared spectroscopy. The results obtained showed that NOFC-1 and NOFC-2 are capable of photoinitiating the cationic polymerization of epoxy monomer directly on irradiation with long-wavelength UV light (365 nm). Comparative studies also demonstrated that they exhibited better efficiency than cyclopentadienyl-Fe-cymene hexafluorophosphate (I-261). When NOFC-1 and NOFC-2 were used to efficiently initiate polymerization of epoxide, both rate of polymerization and final conversion increased using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as sensitizer. DSC studies showed that NOFC-1 and NOFC-2 photoinitiators in epoxides possess good thermal stability in the absence of light.

Water-developable photoresists employing onium salt photoinitiators

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Davidson ◽  
Philip C Hadley
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Aqueous Systems ◽  
Onium Salt ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Onium Salts ◽  
Photoacid Generator

Aromatic onium salts are known compounds with well understood photoactivity. Their use as acid-generating species has, in the last few years, improved the performance of photoresists, particularly for microelectronics applications. There has, however, been little research dedicated to the use of these photoinitators in aqueousrdevelopable resists. This work investigates the feasibility of employing onium salts in the formulation of resists suitable for aqueous development. The ability of the onium salts to photoinitiate the cationic polymerization or cross-linking of epoxide residues was exploited using water-soluble or water-dispersible copolymers containing glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The comonomers included N-vinyl pyrrolidinone (NVP), NN-dimethylacrylamide (DMAc) and 2-hydroxyethyI methacrylate (HEMA). Various copolymers were prepared by radical copolymerization to low conversion, typically in chloroform. Several onium salts were prepared by literature methods and their efficiency examined using a model copolymer. The photoacid generator (PAG) that performed best was then used in the examination of the aqueous systems.

Long wavelength photosensitizers in photoinitiated cationic polymerization: The effect of quinoxaline derivatives on photopolymerization

Polymer ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 3182-3187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengisu Corakci ◽  
Serife O. Hacioglu ◽  
Levent Toppare ◽  
Umut Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Quinoxaline Derivatives

Highly Conjugated Isoindogo and Quinoxaline Dyes as a Sunlight Photosensitizer for Onium Salt Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization of Epoxy Resins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Tosun Ercan ◽  
Sirin Siyahjani Gultekin ◽  
Tamer Yesil ◽  
Haluk Dincalp ◽  
Sermet Koyuncu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Onium Salt
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