Chiral Packing of Cholesteryl Group as an Effective Strategy To Get Low Molecular Weight Supramolecular Hydrogels in the Absence of Intermolecular Hydrogen Bond

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 4235-4246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangming Xu ◽  
Haibo Wang ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Xiangsheng Liu ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Effective Strategy

Unexpected room-temperature phosphorescence from a non-aromatic, low molecular weight, pure organic molecule through the intermolecular hydrogen bond

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 2124-2129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manman Fang ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Xueqin Xiang ◽  
Yujun Xie ◽  
Yongqiang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Cyanoacetic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature Phosphorescence

The first example of a pure non-aromatic organic small molecule, cyanoacetic acid (CAA), with unexpected persistent RTP behavior is reported, which possesses the RTP lifetime as long as 862 ms.

Out of Hospital Antithrombotic Prophylaxis after Total Hip Replacement: Low-molecular-weight Heparin, Warfarin, Aspirin or Nothing?

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (04) ◽  
pp. 586-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Bounameaux ◽  
François Sarasin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Antithrombotic Prophylaxis

SummarySeveral studies have suggested that after hip replacement the risk of deep vein thrombosis and subsequent pulmonary embolism (PE) may persist for some weeks. Antithrombotic prophylaxis, however, is generally stopped at hospital discharge. Using a Markov-based decision analysis, we measured the clinical and economical consequences of extending prophylaxis after hospital discharge up to 4 weeks and 6 weeks, using either low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), warfarin, or aspirin. In the reference strategy, antithrombotic prophylaxis was stopped at hospital discharge. Outcome measures included the number of PE prevented, major haemorrhages induced, overall costs in Euro (EUR) and specific costs generated by each PE prevented for all strategies.Extending prophylaxis up to 4 weeks after discharge was safe and cost saving for all prophylactic regimens, although LMWH was the most effective strategy. Our results were most sensitive to the rate of haemorrhages, the efficacy of treatment and its costs. Specifically, the number of PEs prevented exceeded that of haemorrhages induced if the efficacy of antithrombotic prophylaxis was 2:40% (assuming a low rate of haemorrhages of 0.1% per week), and 2:70% (assuming a high rate of haemorrhages of 0.25% per week). LMWH and warfarin remained cost saving unless their costs were more than doubled compared to that of baseline value. Although less effective than LMWH and warfarin, prophylaxis with aspirin was cost saving in all scenarios tested. Extending prophylaxis up to 6 weeks was also effective (the number of PEs prevented overwhelmed that of major haemorrhages induced), but only for the scenario of a low bleeding risk (0.1%/week). In this strategy, aspirin remained cost saving, while the costs for each PE prevented became high (EUR 10,000 to EUR 20,000) if the costs of LMWH and warfarin increased.After hip replacement, extending antithrombotic prophylaxis up to 4 weeks after hospital discharge is effective and cost saving. Although LMWH is the most effective strategy, warfarin, and to a lesser extent aspirin may be alternate options if ressources are a major concern.Extending prophylaxis up to 6 weeks is more risky in patients at high bleeding risk, and generates additional costs.

scholarly journals Remarkable solvent isotope dependence on gelation strength in low molecular weight hydro-gelators

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1719-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjalling R. Canrinus ◽  
Florian J. R. Cerpentier ◽  
Ben L. Feringa ◽  
Wesley R. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Formation ◽  
Π Stacking ◽  
Solvent Isotope

Hydrophobic/hydrophilic, π–π stacking, ionic and hydrogen bond formation interactions determine the strength of hydrogelators and here solvent deuteration and electrolyte strength impact gel melting heavily.

A high-performance oil-free backing pump for electron microscopes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
G.K.W. Balkau ◽  
E. Bez ◽  
J.L. Farrant
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Principal Source ◽  
Rotary Pumps ◽  
Electron Microscopes

The earliest account of the contamination of electron microscope specimens by the deposition of carbonaceous material during electron irradiation was published in 1947 by Watson who was then working in Canada. It was soon established that this carbonaceous material is formed from organic vapours, and it is now recognized that the principal source is the oil-sealed rotary pumps which provide the backing vacuum. It has been shown that the organic vapours consist of low molecular weight fragments of oil molecules which have been degraded at hot spots produced by friction between the vanes and the surfaces on which they slide. As satisfactory oil-free pumps are unavailable, it is standard electron microscope practice to reduce the partial pressure of organic vapours in the microscope in the vicinity of the specimen by using liquid-nitrogen cooled anti-contamination devices. Traps of this type are sufficient to reduce the contamination rate to about 0.1 Å per min, which is tolerable for many investigations.

Low-molecular-weight heparin in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R Hermes De Santis ◽  
Betsy S Laumeister ◽  
Vidhu Bansal ◽  
Vandana Kataria ◽  
Preeti Loomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Venous thromboembolism in a general hospital. An update with low molecular weight heparin prophylaxis

VASA ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Schulz ◽  
Kesselring ◽  
Seeberger ◽  
Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Vte Prophylaxis ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Event Rates

Background: Patients admitted to hospital for surgery or acute medical illnesses have a high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Today’s widespread use of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) for VTE prophylaxis is supposed to have reduced VTE rates substantially. However, data concerning the overall effectiveness of LMWH prophylaxis is sparse. Patients and methods: We prospectively studied all patients with symptomatic and objectively confirmed VTE seen in our hospital over a three year period. Event rates in different wards were analysed and compared. VTE prophylaxis with Enoxaparin was given to all patients at risk during their hospital stay. Results: A total of 50 464 inpatients were treated during the study period. 461 examinations were carried out for symptoms suggestive of VTE and yielded 89 positive results in 85 patients. Seventy eight patients were found to have deep vein thrombosis, 7 had pulmonary embolism, and 4 had both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The overall in hospital VTE event rate was 0.17%. The rate decreased during the study period from 0.22 in year one to 0,16 in year two and 0.13 % in year three. It ranged highest in neurologic and trauma patients (0.32%) and lowest (0.08%) in gynecology-obstetrics. Conclusions: With a simple and strictly applied regimen of prophylaxis with LMWH the overall rate of symptomatic VTE was very low in our hospitalized patients. Beside LMWH prophylaxis, shortening hospital stays and substantial improvements in surgical and anasthesia techniques achieved during the last decades probably play an essential role in decreasing VTE rates.

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