scholarly journals Macromonomers from AGET Activation of Poly(n-butyl acrylate) Precursors: Radical Transfer Pathways and Midchain Radical Migration

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (17) ◽  
pp. 6850-6856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke Vandenbergh ◽  
Tanja Junkers
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Radical Transfer ◽  
Radical Migration

scholarly journals Mid-Chain Radical Migration in the Radical Polymerization of n-Butyl Acrylate

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Ballard ◽  
Antonio Veloso ◽  
José Asua
Keyword(s):  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Initial Approximation ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Acrylic Monomers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Radical Migration ◽  
Intramolecular Transfer

The occurrence of intramolecular transfer to polymer in the radical polymerization of acrylic monomers has been extensively documented in the literature. Whilst it has been largely assumed that intramolecular transfer to polymer leads to short chain branches, there has been some speculation over whether the mid-chain radical can migrate. Herein, by the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) of poly(n-butyl acrylate) synthesized by solution polymerization under a range of conditions, it is shown that this mid-chain radical migration does occur in the radical polymerization of acrylates conducted at high temperatures, as is evident from the shape of the molecular weight distribution. Using a mathematical model, an initial approximation of the rate at which migration occurs is made and the distribution of branching lengths formed in this scenario is explored. It is shown that the polymerizations carried out under a low monomer concentration and at high temperatures are particularly prone to radical migration reactions, which may affect the rheological properties of the polymer.

Solvent-assisted osmium staining of butyl acrylate and ethylene-propylene-diene in a styrene acrylonitrile matrix

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 900-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun A. Hutchins
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Reactive Site ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Minimal Distortion ◽  
Styrene Acrylonitrile ◽  
Engineering Polymers ◽  
Effective Reaction

In order to optimize the toughening effect of elastomers in engineering polymers, it is necessary to characterize the size, morphology and dispersion of the specific elastomer within the polymer matrix. For unsaturated elastomers such as butadiene or isoprene, staining with osmium tetroxide is a well established procedure. The residual carbon-carbon double bond in these materials is the reactive site and forms a 1,2-dilato complex with the OsO4. Incorporation of osmium tetroxide into the elastomer not only produces sufficient contrast for TEM, but also crosslinks the elastomer sufficiently so that ultramicrotomy can be accomplished at room temperature with minimal distortion.Blends containing saturated elastomers such as butyl acrylate (BA) and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) cannot be stained directly with OsO4 because effective reaction sites such as C=C or -NH2 are not available in sufficient number. If additional reaction sites can be introduced selectively into the elastomer by a chemical reaction or the absorption of a solvent, a modified, two-step osmium staining procedure is possible.

Hydrogen Bonding-Derived Healable Polyacrylate Elastomers via On-demand Copolymerization of n-Butyl Acrylate and tert-Butyl Acrylate

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (45) ◽  
pp. 50812-50822
Author(s):  
Wenyan Wang ◽  
Zongxu Liu ◽  
Zijian Guo ◽  
Junliang Zhang ◽  
Chunmei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
On Demand

Styrene and Butyl Acrylate Polymerization in Nonionic Microemulsions in Presence of Layered Silicates

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Donescu ◽  
Constantin Radovici ◽  
Cristian Petcu ◽  
Sever Serban ◽  
Mihai Cosmin Corobea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Layered Silicates
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