Grafting of PVA in Miniemulsion Copolymerizations ofn-Butyl Acrylate and Methyl Methacrylate Using Water-Soluble, Partially Water-Soluble, and Oil-Soluble Initiators

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 3180-3187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noma Kim ◽  
E. David Sudol ◽  
Victoria L. Dimonie ◽  
Mohamed S. El-Aasser
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Water Soluble

Miniemulsion Polymerization Stabilized by a Well-Defined, Amphiphilic Gradient Poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) Copolymer

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lefay ◽  
Maud Save ◽  
Bernadette Charleux ◽  
Stéphanie Magnet
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Miniemulsion Polymerization ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization

The nitroxide-mediated controlled free-radical copolymerization of styrene (St) and acrylic acid (AA) was used to synthesize a well-defined poly(St30%-co-AA70%) amphiphilic gradient copolymer. The latter proved to be an efficient stabilizer in the 45 wt.-% solids content, batch miniemulsion polymerizations of St and of mixtures of methyl methacrylate/n-butyl acrylate (35/65 w/w). With 2,2´-azobisisobutyronitrile as an oil-soluble initiator, polystyrene latexes with a very narrow particle distribution were obtained, whereas the water-soluble initiator, potassium persulfate, led to broad, multimodal particle size distributions. Such results were explained by the contribution of two nucleation mechanisms: droplet nucleation and homogeneous nucleation. In contrast, the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-n-butyl acrylate) latexes exhibited larger particle size and narrower particle size distributions with persulfate initiator, than the polystyrene latexes.

scholarly journals Oligomerization of Acrylic Acid Derivatives by a Reaction with the Alkylcopper(I)-Phosphine Complex

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiharu Mitani ◽  
Chitsakon Pakjamsai ◽  
Teruko Tsuchida ◽  
Hidekazu Kudoh
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Phosphine Complexes ◽  
Dimerization Product ◽  
Phosphine Complex

Reaction of alkylcopper(I)phosphine complexes with electron-deficient olefins affected preferentially the products based on oligomerization, e.g. the product obtained by sequential conjugated addition, trimerization and cyclization from methyl methacrylate and the dimerization product from butyl acrylate.

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