Inverse gas chromatography. 3. Dependence of retention volume on the amount of probe injected

1985 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2196-2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Munk ◽  
Zeki Y. Al-Saigh ◽  
Timothy W. Card
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Inverse Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retention Volume

scholarly journals Practical Determination of the Solubility Parameters of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Bromide ([CnC1im]Br, n = 5, 6, 7, 8) Ionic Liquids by Inverse Gas Chromatography and the Hansen Solubility Parameter

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao-Na Zhu ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Yan-Biao Hu ◽  
Xawkat Abliz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Solubility Parameter ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Inverse Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retention Volume ◽  
Solubility Parameters ◽  
Hansen Solubility Parameter ◽  
Hansen Solubility

The physicochemical properties of four 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([CnC1im]Br, n = 5, 6, 7, 8) ionic liquids (ILs) were investigated in this work by using inverse gas chromatography (IGC) from 303.15 K to 343.15 K. Twenty-eight organic solvents were used to obtain the physicochemical properties between each IL and solvent via the IGC method, including the specific retention volume and the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter. The Hildebrand solubility parameters of the four [CnC1im]Br ILs were determined by linear extrapolation to be δ 2 ( [ C 5 C 1 im ] Br ) = 25.78 (J·cm−3)0.5, δ 2 ( [ C 6 C 1 im ] Br ) = 25.38 (J·cm−3)0.5, δ 2 ( [ C 7 C 1 im ] Br ) =24.78 (J·cm−3)0.5 and δ 2 ( [ C 8 C 1 im ] Br ) = 24.23 (J·cm−3)0.5 at room temperature (298.15 K). At the same time, the Hansen solubility parameters of the four [CnC1im]Br ILs were simulated by using the Hansen Solubility Parameter in Practice (HSPiP) at room temperature (298.15 K). The results were as follows: δ t ( [ C 5 C 1 im ] Br ) = 25.86 (J·cm−3)0.5, δ t ( [ C 6 C 1 im ] Br ) = 25.39 (J·cm−3)0.5, δ t ( [ C 7 C 1 im ] Br ) = 24.81 (J·cm−3)0.5 and δ t ( [ C 8 C 1 im ] Br ) = 24.33 (J·cm−3)0.5. These values were slightly higher than those obtained by the IGC method, but they only exhibited small errors, covering a range of 0.01 to 0.1 (J·cm−3)0.5. In addition, the miscibility between the IL and the probe was evaluated by IGC, and it exhibited a basic agreement with the HSPiP. This study confirms that the combination of the two methods can accurately calculate solubility parameters and select solvents.

Surface Properties of Magnesium-Aluminium Hydrotalcite-Like Compound Characterized by Inverse Gas Chromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 1152 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Liang Qin Zhou ◽  
Dong Yuan ◽  
Xing Wen Zheng ◽  
Jin Long Fan ◽  
Cheng Qian
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Inverse Gas Chromatography ◽  
Retention Volume ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽  
Dispersive Component ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acid And Base

In this paper, the Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compound (Mg-Al-HTLC) was synthesized by hydrothermal method at 373K. Structure and morphology of Mg-Al-HTLC was obtained with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy(FTIR). A series of polar and non-polar molecules were used for probes, surface properties of Mg-Al-HTLC was studied by inverse gas chromatography (IGC) at 353K, 363K, 373K, 383K respectively. The retention volume was utilized for evaluating the free energy of adsorption (-ΔGSP), the dispersive component of the surface energy(γsD), as well as the enthalpy and entropic component(ΔHSP, -ΔSSP). XRD results reveal that the Mg-Al-HTLC has high crystallinity and perfect layered structure. The results of IGC show that Mg-Al-HTLC would adsorb straight-chain alkanes spontaneously, and the values of γsDwere similar at all temperature. It reveals Mg-Al-HTLC is a material with particular characteristics of both acid and base. This study illustrates that, as a method to evaluate the surface properties of material , IGC method is dependable and significant.

Studies of Polymer Properties via Inverse Gas Chromatography

1996 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bincai(Pun Choi) Li
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Inverse Gas Chromatography ◽  
Amorphous Polymer ◽  
Retention Volume ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Solvent Vapor ◽  
Carrier Gas

Abstract Gas Chromatosraphy (GC) using a polymer as the stationary phase to reveal the properties of the polymer — known as Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) — is in contrast to conventional GC where gaseous components in the mobile phase are separated and studied. Figure l(a) and l(b) are schematic diagrams showing the arrangement of apparatus in a gas Chromatograph for IGC. The column is filled with packings consisting of thin layer of polymer coated onto an inert support, typically Chromosorb W, Chromosorb G (70 ∼ 80 mesh, acid washed and dimethyldichlorosilane treated), or Teflon. The carrier gas, such as N2, H2, or He, acts as the mobile phase. The solvent, injected as a sharp pulse and vaporized immediately into the carrier gas stream at the entrance of the column, is called the probe. As the probe is carried forward, it is partitioned between the mobile gas phase and the stationary polymer phase. The time required to elute the probe through the column is called the retention time (elution is monitored in the detector and reflected on the recorder or integrator as a peak maximum). The corresponding amount of carrier gas needed is called the retention volume. The detector for the probe may be a thermal conductivity cell (TCD) or flame ionization detector (FID). When an FID is used, the flow of gas is diverted to the flow meter before it reaches the detector as shown in Figure l(b). Some notes on the experimental techniques will be discussed in Section IX. GC has been classified into Gas-Liquid Chromatography (GLC) and Gas-Solid Chromatography (GSC) according to whether the stationary phase is a liquid or a solid, respectively. In IGC, the process is GLC when the temperature of the polymer under investigation is far above its glass transition temperature Tg. The retention is due to absorption of the solvent vapor into the polymer bulk (an amorphous polymer above Tg is viewed as a liquid). When the temperature of the polymer is well below its Tg, the process is GSC and the retention mechanism becomes adsorption of the vapor onto the polymer surface. We shall initially discuss the GLC of polymers and then extend our discussions to GSC. Important applications of IGC to polymer research have been the studies of the thermodynamics of polymer-solvent and polymer-polymer interactions via GLC.

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