Lateral Interactions in the Low-Density Region of Lipid Monolayers

Langmuir ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2779-2783 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Fornés
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Monolayers ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lateral Interactions ◽  
Density Region

Monte Carlo and Perturbation Calculations for a Triangular Well Fluid

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damon N. Card ◽  
John Walkley
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Hard Spheres ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Monte Carlo Data ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Model Fluid ◽  
High Density Region ◽  
Superposition Approximation ◽  
Triangular Well Potential

Monte Carlo data have been generated for a simple model fluid consisting of hard spheres with an attractive triangular well potential. The ranges spanned by the temperature and density are as follows. [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The machine data have been compared to the modern perturbation theories of (i) Barker, Henderson, and Smith and (ii) Weeks, Chandler, and Andersen. Comparison with the machine data shows that the latter theory is successful in the high density region only, but over a wide range of temperature. The Barker–Henderson approach is best in the low density region but the use of the superposition approximation limits the utility of this theory at high densities.

scholarly journals The Morphology and Physics of the Local Interstellar Medium

1996 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrick C. Bruhweiler
Keyword(s):  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Low Density ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Local Interstellar Medium ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Extreme Uv ◽  
Local Cloud

We are finally on the threshold of obtaining a coherent morphological and physical picture for the local interstellar medium (LISM), especially the region within 300 pc of the Sun. The EUVE is playing a special role in revealing this picture. This instrument can provide direct measurements of the the radiation field that photoionizes both hydrogen and helium. It also can yield direct measurements of the column densities of hydrogen, but especially He I and He II toward nearby white dwarfs. These observations suggest that the ionization in the Local Cloud, the cloud in which the Sun is embedded, is not in equilibrium, but in a recombination phase. Heuristic calculations imply that the the present ionization is due to the passage of shocks, at times greater than 3 × 106 years ago. The origin of these shocks are probably linked to the supernova which was responsible for the expanding nebular complex of clouds know as the Loop I supernova remnant, of which the Local Cloud is a part, extreme- UV radiation field, that which ionizes both hydrogen and helium in the LISM. Of the ISM within 300 pc, the volume appears to be predominantly filled by hot (106 K) coronal gas. This gas is laced with six largescale shell structures with diameters ~100−150 pc including the long-recognized radio loops, Loop I−IV, as well as the Orion-Eridanus and Gum Nebulae are identified. An idea that has evolved in the literature for over two decades is that the kinematically-linked OB associations representing Gould’s Belt, plus the gas and dust of Lindblad’s Ring, require that previous supernova activity and stellar winds carved out a 400–600 pc diameter cavity some 3 to 6 × 107 yr ago. This activity produced a pre-existing low density region, into which the present young loop structures have expanded. The outer boundaries of the identified expanding loop structures, inside this preexisting cavity, delineate the periphery of the the mis-named “local interstellar bubble.” Thus, this picture naturally explains some of the problems often associated with the presence of this low density region exterior to Loop I.

Physiologically Dependent Appearance of a Low Density Region That Corresponds to the Tunnel through the 50S Part of the 70S Ribosome

1998 ◽  
Vol 238 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kan Zhang ◽  
Lars-Göran Öfverstedt ◽  
Lena Pettersson-Landén ◽  
Ulf Skoglund ◽  
Leif A. Isaksson
Keyword(s):  
Low Density ◽  
Density Region ◽  
70S Ribosome

Large-Scale Hierarchical Self-Assembly Structures from Gold Nanoparticles

2007 ◽  
Vol 1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam-Jung Kim ◽  
Hao Li
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Particle Nucleation ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Sem Image

ABSTRACTMetallic nanoparticles may form hierarchical dendrites in the presence of ionic surfactant through self-assembly upon solvent drying at room temperature. With nanoparticle density varying in the drying area on the supporting solid substrate, the morphology and relevant size of the dendrites evolve in different structures. At the region where the nanoparticle density is high, the large dendrite can develop with manifest crystal symmetry. At the low density region, many small sizes of compact crystals can be found, indicating that particle nucleation dominates over the long-range crystal growth. SEM image reveals the ordered stacking of gold nanoplates over the long dendrite branches, resembling the liquid crystal array. We present the possible physical origins to explain the various structures of the assembled dendrites during the solvent evaporation at the interface of solid and air.

TRAFFIC FLOW ON A 3-LANE HIGHWAY

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (31n32) ◽  
pp. 4161-4171 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEN-YAO CHEN ◽  
DING-WEI HUANG ◽  
WEI-NENG HUANG ◽  
WEN-LIANG HWANG
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
High Density Region ◽  
Cellular Automaton Method ◽  
Changing Rate

The traffic flow on a 3-lane highway is investigated using a cellular automaton method. Two different kinds of vehicles, cars and trucks, with different driving behaviors are presented on the highway. It is found that in the high density region, a control scheme requiring passing from the inner lane will enhance the traffic flow; while restricting the trucks to the outer lane will enhance the flow in the low density region and also has the benefit of suppressing the unnecessary lane-changing rate.

scholarly journals Scaling properties of the chiral phase transition in the low density region of two-flavor QCD with improved Wilson fermions

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Umeda ◽  
Shinji Ejiri ◽  
Kazuyuki Kanaya ◽  
Yu Maezawa ◽  
Yoshiyuki Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Chiral Phase ◽  
Chiral Phase Transition ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Wilson Fermions

scholarly journals Evacuation simulation of different flow ratios in low-density state

Open Physics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Haitao Lian ◽  
Yike Hu ◽  
R.D. Rohmat Saedudin
Keyword(s):  
Critical Density ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Density State ◽  
Random Deviation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Flow

Abstract The relationship between the factors of formation mechanism of stratification and the pedestrian ratio in low-density state has not been analyzed by the existing human flow evacuation simulation method, so that the simulation effect is poor. Thus, the evacuation simulation method for different flow ratios in low-density state is proposed to analyze the walking characteristics of the opposite pedestrians. On the basis of the random deviation grid gas model, the view field of pedestrian is introduced as one parameter. Considering the preference characteristics of pedestrians for the movement of open areas within the view field, the improved random deviation grid gas model is constructed. Through the model, the stratification characteristics of the opposite pedestrian flow in the simple channel scene are simulated. The results show that the proposed method can reproduce the characteristics of non-layering phenomenon of opposite pedestrian flow in low-density state. According to the probability of layer formation, the density of the opposite pedestrian flow is divided into five intervals. The opposite pedestrian flow in the critical density region is metastable, and is susceptible to interference. These results are consistent with the dynamic evolution of the actual opposite pedestrian flow.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document