Picoliter Water Contact Angle Measurement on Polymers

Langmuir ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 6875-6878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Taylor ◽  
Andrew J. Urquhart ◽  
Mischa Zelzer ◽  
Martyn C. Davies ◽  
Morgan R. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Water Contact Angle Measurement

Copper to Copper Direct Bonding Assisted by Self-Assembled Monolayer

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Lim ◽  
X. F. Ang ◽  
J. Wei ◽  
C. M. Ng ◽  
C. S. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Bonding Temperature ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Copper Surface ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Self Assembled Monolayer ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Water Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Self Assembled

In this article, a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) is applied onto the copper surface in an attempt to lower the required bonding temperature. Alkane-thiol with 6-carbon chain length is used and tested for bonding experiment. The adsorption of SAM is confirmed by the sharp rise of the water contact angle measurement and the reduced in the surface roughness. Next, the desorption of SAM is done at a high temperature anneal (<300°C) in an inert ambient and its properties are characterized by the water contact angle measurement and XPS. It is found that the water contact angle measurement decreases sharply close back to the contact angle of the pure blanket copper surface after annealing of SAM. The XPS results also show the ability of SAM in protecting Copper surface from oxidation. Finally, shear test is performed on Cu-Cu structures bonded at low temperature (250°C) in order to verify the SAM behavior in protecting the copper surface from oxidation and enhancement for bonding. The wafer pairs with and without SAM are intentionally exposed in clean room environment for few days. The bonded pieces are diced and subject to shear stress and results show that with SAM protection, shear strength is improved due to the enhancement in grain growth as a result of cleaner surface.

Contact Angle Analysis on Glass Based Surface

2014 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hafiz Ab Aziz ◽  
Zaliman Sauli ◽  
Vithyacharan Retnasamy ◽  
Wan Mokhdzani Wan Norhaimi ◽  
Steven Taniselass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Anodic Bonding ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Water Contact

This paper reports on the contact angle measurement analysis on a glass based surface for anodic bonding process cleaned by three distinct cleaning processes. The three types of glass based surface used were silica, pyrex, and soda lime glass. The three cleaning solutions tested in this experiment were RCA, piranha and acetone. Water Droplet Test (WDT) was done to analyze the contact angle of micro droplet on sample surface. It can be done by dropping a droplet of water in constant volume at the fixed height and angle. Only RCA process constantly decreases the contact angle value after cleaning. The compilations of data strongly proved that all samples become hydrophilic after RCA cleaning process. The solid surface is considered hydrophilic when water contact angle is smaller than 90°, and hydrophobic profile if the water contact angle is larger than 90°. Samples which undergo piranha and acetone cleaning did not prove any characteristic of hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface after cleaning.

Fabrication of superhydrophobic cotton fabrics through wrapping silica with plasma-induced grafting polymerization

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqiang Li ◽  
Chao Zou ◽  
Jianzhong Shao ◽  
Ya’nan Li
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Washing Durability ◽  
Before And After

Cotton fabric is commonly used in daily life, but it is easily wetted and contaminated by liquid. Herein, we present a simple and environmentally friendly plasma technology for hydrophobic modification of cotton fabric. In order to endow superhydrophobicity to cotton fabric, helium plasma inducing graft polymerization of 1,3,5,7-tetravinyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4Vi) was utilized to wrap SiO2 particles on cotton fabrics. Cotton fabrics were successively dipped in silica sol and D4Vi, then treated by plasma. Cotton fabrics before and after modification were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and water contact angle measurement. The experimental results showed that the cotton-SiO2-D4Vi consisted of nanoscale SiO2 protrusions and low-surface-energy film polymerized by D4Vi. In addition, the one wrapped SiO2 of 161 nm presented excellent hydrophobicity, washing durability, and repellency toward different types of liquids with a water contact angle of 152°.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of a Hydrophilic Polysulfone Membrane Using Graphene Oxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoan Thi Vuong Nguyen ◽  
Thu Hong Anh Ngo ◽  
Khai Dinh Do ◽  
Minh Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Nu Thi To Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Polysulfone Membrane

In general, the polysulfone (PSf) membranes are popular choices for water treatment because they have high thermal stability and good chemical resistance. On the other hand, the filtration capacity of the polysulfone membrane is limited because of its low water flux and poor antifouling ability, which are caused by the low surface hydrophilicity of the membranes. In this research, blending of graphene oxide (GO) or graphene oxide-titanium dioxide (GO-TiO2) mixture into the polysulfone matrix had been carried out through the phase inversion method to enhance the hydrophilic and antifouling properties. Methods such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and water contact angle measurement were used to examine the surface properties of the prepared membranes. Experimental results have led to a conclusion that graphene oxide can be stabilized into prepared membranes, and then, by reducing the water contact angle values, the surface of these membranes becomes hydrophilic, which increases the permeability and the water flux of methylene blue from the aqueous feed solution, improving the membrane’s antifouling resistance.

scholarly journals Study on modifying the Au surface by thiol compound for biosensor application

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Khoa Thanh Nhat Phan ◽  
Thanh Trung Nguyen ◽  
Tuan Van Phan ◽  
Binh Van Pham ◽  
Tung Xuan Thanh Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Biosensor Application ◽  
Optimal Values

In cantilever-based biosensor, Au surface plays two essential roles: as a surface to reflect laser beam and as a surface to be modified and thus functionalize the sensor. In this paper, we researched on modifying the Au surface by cysteamine and glutaraldehyde to make it reactive toward amine substances. Cysteamine concentration, cysteamine treatment time and glutaraldehyde treatment time were investigated to find optimal values. The data of chromogenic reaction catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and the data of water contact angle measurement were combined to find the optimal values. The results showed that the modification with 5 mM cysteamine in ethanol for 16 h and glutaraldehyde for 1 h would create the Au surface which can react optimally with amine substances.

Preparation of Flower-Like ZnO Micro-Sphere Powders and their Surface Wettability Modification

2011 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Chang Song Liu ◽  
Yu Bin Qi ◽  
Da Chun Cao ◽  
Yong Wan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
Zno Powders ◽  
Micro Sphere

Three-dimensitional flower-like ZnO powders were prepared by using a simple aqueous solution method. Their surface wettability was modified via some long chain alkylsilanes with low surface energy. The microstructures and the wettability properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and contact angle measurement (CAM). The ZnO powders are spheric and are about 5 micrometers in diameter. The boundary of the microspheres are not smooth, but petaliform in nanoscale, which demonstrate a hierarchical microstructure. The as-synthesized powders have a superhydrophobicity with water contact angle of more than 150°, and have a high adhesion to water. After modified by alkylsilanes, however, the ZnO powders demonstrate a strong anti-adhesion to water. When modified by fluorinated alkylsilanes, the surface of ZnO microspheres had a water contact angle up to 170°. Also, the water droplet could bounce against the surface just like a spring ball, and there are not any water traces left when the water droplets contact the surfaces of ZnO powders. The results provide a simple method to repel the water wetting and will be helpful to disperse the powders especially in a humid environment.

Surface hydrophilizing modification of polytetrafluoroethylene/glass fiber fabric through oxidant-induced polydopamine deposition

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-379
Author(s):  
Yanfen Zhou ◽  
Liang Jiang ◽  
Zhiqing Jiang ◽  
Shaojuan Chen ◽  
Jianwei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Fiber Fabric

This paper reports surface hydrophilizing modification of polytetrafluoroethylene/glass fiber fabric by employing bio-inspired polydopamine functionalization. The modification process was accelerated by introducing sodium periodate (NaIO4) as oxidant. Surface morphology and chemical composition of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene/glass fiber fabric were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Hydrophilicity of the polytetrafluoroethylene/glass fiber fabric was investigated through water contact angle measurement. It was found that polydopamine successfully deposited on the surface of polytetrafluoroethylene/glass fiber fabric and the uniformity of the polydopamine coating increased with increasing modification time. Water contact angle of polytetrafluoroethylene/glass fiber fabric decreased after polydopamine modification and reached 29° when the sample was treated for 120 min, indicating an improved hydrophilic performance. The formed polydopamine coating was also demonstrated to have reliable chemical and mechanical stability.

Structure and properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers

e-Polymers ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiliu Wang ◽  
Guangbiao Xu ◽  
Yuechao He
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Ft Ir

AbstractStructure and properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers were characterized thoroughly by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzing (TG) and water contact angle measurement. It was found that the longitudinal surface of the fiber was not smooth and was full of grooves. The cross sections of fibers were sheet-like and irregular. The infrared spectrum of PTFE fibers was the same as that of PTFE films except the 626 cm-l bands which were associated with the helix-reversal defect. The range of fineness distribution (2.09–11.50 dtex) was wide and the average strength was 1.37 cN/dtex. PTFE fibers began to be decomposed at 508.6°C and showed excellent thermal stability. The water contact angle of fibers layers was 120° indicating it to be a hydrophobic material. All these results provide a theoretical foundation for applications of PTFE fibers.

scholarly journals Superhydrophobic functionalized cellulosic paper by copper hydroxide nanorods for oils purification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Belal ◽  
Jehan El Nady ◽  
Azza Shokry ◽  
Shaker Ebrahim ◽  
Moataz Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Water Contact

AbstractOily water contamination has been sighted as one of the most global environmental pollution. Herein, copper hydroxide nanorods layer was constructed onto cellulosic filter paper surface cured with polydopamine, Ag nanoparticles, and Cu NPs through immersion method. This work has been aimed to produce a superhydrophobic and superoleophilic cellulosic filter paper. The structure, crystalline, and morphological properties of these modified cellulosic filter paper were investigated. Scanning electron microscope images confirmed that the modified surface was rougher compared with the pristine surface. The contact angle measurement confirmed the hydrophobic nature of these modified surfaces with a water contact angle of 169.7°. The absorption capacity was 8.2 g/g for diesel oil and the separation efficiency was higher than 99%. It was noted that the flux in the case of low viscosity solvent as n-hexane was 9663.5 Lm−2 h−1, while for the viscous oil as diesel was 1452.7 Lm−2 h−1.

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