Equilibrium and Dynamic Interfacial Tension Measurements at Microscopic Interfaces Using a Micropipet Technique. 1. A New Method for Determination of Interfacial Tension

Langmuir ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 5537-5543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunghee Lee ◽  
Dennis H. Kim ◽  
David Needham
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
New Method ◽  
Dynamic Interfacial Tension

The determination of the interfacial tension between two liquids

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome H. Milgram ◽  
Robert G. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Capillary Waves ◽  
New Method ◽  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Method Of Measurement

The problems commonly encountered in the measurement of the interfacial tension between two liquids by capillary tube or force measurement are described. In order to avoid such problems, a new method of measurement of the interfacial tension is developed here which is based on the details of axisymmetric capillary waves which can be generated on the interface. Analyses relating these details to the interfacial tension and showing how the details can be measured photographically are given. An apparatus for making these photographic measurements is described and photographs made with such an apparatus are presented. An analysis of these photographs is given which gives the interfacial tensions for the interfaces shown.

Determination of dynamic interfacial tension in a pulsed column under mass transfer condition

AIChE Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Han Zhou ◽  
Xiong Yu ◽  
Shan Jing ◽  
Qiang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Transfer Condition ◽  
Dynamic Interfacial Tension

Characterization of Petroleum Sulfonates by a Nonaqueous Titration Method

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (06) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim R. Voss ◽  
Clark E. Bricker ◽  
M.J. Michnick ◽  
G.P. Willhite
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
New Method ◽  
Equivalent Weight ◽  
Petroleum Sulfonate ◽  
Wet Ashing

Summary A new method is described for the determination of the equivalent weight for petroleum sulfonates. The method is based on the direct acidimetric titration of the sulfonate in acetic acid/acetic anhydride solvent using a titrant of perchloric acid in dioxane. From the titration, the moles of perchloric acid required to react with the sulfonate is measured. The equivalent weight is calculated from the grams of sample titrated and the moles of acid used. The potentiometric titration can be carried out in less than 10 minutes and can be done with 10 to 100 mg of sample. The accuracy and precision of the procedure were examined by the titration of sodium salts of p-toleuene sulfonate, 2-naphthalene sulfonate, and petroleum sulfonates. In general, values for the equivalent weight were within 2% of those values determined by the Epton titration, by wet ashing methods, or from the theoretical value. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for the procedure is estimated to be 0.5%. For p-toluene sulfonate, an RSD of 0.15% was calculated. The new method was used to determine the equivalent weights for three fractions of a petroleum sulfonate obtained by the preferential elution from silica gel with alcohol. A series of samples with varying equivalent weight was prepared by proportional combination of the three fractions. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) gave a set of data points of peak areas for the series. A plot of equivalent weight as a function of disulfonate to total peak area ratio resulted in a straight line. The slope of this line is descriptive of the molecular weight range for the petroleum sulfonate. Introduction Petroleum sulfonates are used to liberate a residual oil from a porous medium in a tertiary oil-recovery process. One mechanism for the release of oil is the reduction of the interfacial tension between water and oil to values on the order of 10−3 dyne/cm.1–5 The performance of a sulfonate as a surfactant depends on its molecular size and structure. For a pure single-species sulfonate, these properties can be correlated with the alteration of the interfacial tension between water and oil. The same cannot be done for a petroleum sulfonate because the sulfonate is a mixture of molecular species with unknown structures. Previous studies6,7 have shown that the overall composition of a petroleum sulfonate is altered by the preferential partitioning of the molecular species to the oil, water, and rock phases. This causes the composition of the sulfonate to change constantly as it flows through the porous media contacting water and oil. To correlate oil-recovery efficiency with a property of the sulfonate, analytical methods are needed to characterize the effluent from core floods. One parameter for characterizing petroleum sulfonates is the average equivalent weight, which is the weight in grams containing 1 mol of sulfonate functional groups. Sufficient sample is often not available for the equivalent weight analysis by the ASTM wet ashing procedure, and the oil in the sample may often interfere with the Epton titrate method. Therefore, a study was initiated to develop a method for the determination of equivalent weight of petroleum sulfonates in the 10- to 100-mg range. Of equal importance is a method to count sulfonate groups and to differentiate mono- and disulfonate molecules. The latter can be achieved by HPLC using an anion exchange column.8 However, quantification of the effluent from the HPLC column remains a problem. No detector is available that responds specifically to the sulfonate functional group -SO3−. Specific ion-electrodes of the liquid- or solid-membrane type show varying response to sulfonates depending on the molecular weight of the sulfonate.9,10

scholarly journals Determination of dynamic interfacial tension in a pulsed column under mass transfer condition

Authorea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Han Zhou ◽  
Xiong Yu ◽  
Shan Jing ◽  
Qiang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Transfer Condition ◽  
Dynamic Interfacial Tension

Determination of Dynamic Interfacial Tension during the Generation of Tiny Droplets in the Liquid–Liquid Jetting Flow Regime

Langmuir ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (45) ◽  
pp. 13633-13641
Author(s):  
Yongjin Cui ◽  
Yankai Li ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Jian Deng ◽  
Guangsheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Flow Regime ◽  
Dynamic Interfacial Tension

A new method for the determination of nitrates

1960 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P WEST ◽  
G LYLES
Keyword(s):  
New Method

A New Method for the Determination of Plasma Activators of Fibrinolysis

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Margalit ◽  
E Gidron ◽  
Y Shalitin
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Effective Activator

SummaryThe term “effective activator” of plasminogen is proposed, to denote the resultant of activator-antiactivator interaction, and a method for the determination of the level of these activators is described. By adding axcess plasminogen to the euglobulin fraction of plasma the influence of the level of endogenous plasminogen and of the antiplasmin is eliminated. It is shown that the level of fibrinogen has very little bearing on the results. An effective activator unit is defined as equal to 1 CTA unit of urokinase activity on a fibrinogen-plasminogen substrate.

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