An Efficient Reaction Pathway Search Method Applied to the Decomposition of Glycerol on Platinum

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (38) ◽  
pp. 18707-18720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Chen ◽  
M. Salciccioli ◽  
D. G. Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Search Method ◽  
Pathway Search

Automatic Reaction Pathway Search via Combined Molecular Dynamics and Coordinate Driving Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1351-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manyi Yang ◽  
Jingxiang Zou ◽  
Guoqiang Wang ◽  
Shuhua Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Pathway Search

Combined Molecular Dynamics and Coordinate Driving Method for Automatic Reaction Pathway Search of Reactions in Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 5787-5796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manyi Yang ◽  
Lijiang Yang ◽  
Guoqiang Wang ◽  
Yanzi Zhou ◽  
Daiqian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Pathway Search

Catalytic Resonance Theory: Parallel Reaction Pathway Control

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alexander Ardagh ◽  
Manish Shetty ◽  
Anatoliy Kuznetsov ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Phillip Christopher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Oscillation Amplitude ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Parallel Reaction ◽  
Resonance Theory ◽  
Static Conditions

Catalytic enhancement of chemical reactions via heterogeneous materials occurs through stabilization of transition states at designed active sites, but dramatically greater rate acceleration on that same active site is achieved when the surface intermediates oscillate in binding energy. The applied oscillation amplitude and frequency can accelerate reactions orders of magnitude above the catalytic rates of static systems, provided the active site dynamics are tuned to the natural frequencies of the surface chemistry. In this work, differences in the characteristics of parallel reactions are exploited via selective application of active site dynamics (0 < ΔU < 1.0 eV amplitude, 10<sup>-6</sup> < f < 10<sup>4</sup> Hz frequency) to control the extent of competing reactions occurring on the shared catalytic surface. Simulation of multiple parallel reaction systems with broad range of variation in chemical parameters revealed that parallel chemistries are highly tunable in selectivity between either pure product, even when specific products are not selectively produced under static conditions. Two mechanisms leading to dynamic selectivity control were identified: (i) surface thermodynamic control of one product species under strong binding conditions, or (ii) catalytic resonance of the kinetics of one reaction over the other. These dynamic parallel pathway control strategies applied to a host of chemical conditions indicate significant potential for improving the catalytic performance of many important industrial chemical reactions beyond their existing static performance.

A Paramedic Treatment for Modeling Explicitly Solvated Chemical Reaction Mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasemin Basdogan ◽  
John Keith
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Solvent Molecules ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Mbh Reaction

<div> <div> <div> <p>We report a static quantum chemistry modeling treatment to study how solvent molecules affect chemical reaction mechanisms without dynamics simulations. This modeling scheme uses a global optimization procedure to identify low energy intermediate states with different numbers of explicit solvent molecules and then the growing string method to locate sequential transition states along a reaction pathway. Testing this approach on the acid-catalyzed Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction in methanol, we found a reaction mechanism that is consistent with both recent experiments and computationally intensive dynamics simulations with explicit solvation. In doing so, we explain unphysical pitfalls that obfuscate computational modeling that uses microsolvated reaction intermediates. This new paramedic approach can promisingly capture essential physical chemistry of the complicated and multistep MBH reaction mechanism, and the energy profiles found with this model appear reasonably insensitive to the level of theory used for energy calculations. Thus, it should be a useful and computationally cost-effective approach for modeling solvent mediated reaction mechanisms when dynamics simulations are not possible. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Photocatalytic Alkylation of Pyrroles and Indoles with α-Diazo Esters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Ciszewski ◽  
Jakub Durka ◽  
Dorota Gryko
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Catalytic Amount ◽  
Radical Formation ◽  
Reaction Selectivity ◽  
Diazo Esters ◽  
Electron Withdrawing Substituents

This article describes direct photoalkylation of electron-rich aromatic compounds with diazo compoiunds. C-2 alkylated indoles and pyrroles are obtained with good yields even though the photocatalyst (Ru(bpy)3Cl2) loading is as low as 0.075 mol %. For substrates bearing electron-withdrawing substituents the addition of a catalytic amount of N,N-dimethyl-4-methoxyaniline is required. Both EWG-EWG and EWG-EDG substituted diazo esters are suitable as alkylating agents. The reaction selectivity and mechanistic experiments suggest that carbenes/carbenoid intermediates are not involved in the reaction pathway, instead radical formation is proposed.

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