scholarly journals Influence of Hydrogen Bonding on Hydrogen-Atom Abstraction Reactions of Dehydropyridinium Cations in the Gas Phase

2010 ◽  
Vol 114 (49) ◽  
pp. 12851-12857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Adeuya ◽  
John J. Nash ◽  
Hilkka I. Kenttämaa
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Hydrogen Atom Abstraction

2-Deoxyribose Radicals in the Gas Phase and Aqueous Solution. Transient Intermediates of Hydrogen Atom Abstraction from 2-Deoxyribofuranose

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1769-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc A. Vannier ◽  
Chunxiang Yao ◽  
František Tureček
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Hydrogen Atom Abstraction ◽  
Oh Radical ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen ◽  
Solvation Free Energies ◽  
Transient Intermediates

A computational study at correlated levels of theory is reported to address the structures and energetics of transient radicals produced by hydrogen atom abstraction from C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5, O-1, O-3, and O-5 positions in 2-deoxyribofuranose in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. In general, the carbon-centered radicals are found to be thermodynamically and kinetically more stable than the oxygen-centered ones. The most stable gas-phase radical, 2-deoxyribofuranos-5-yl (5), is produced by H-atom abstraction from C-5 and stabilized by an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the O-5 hydroxy group and O-1. The order of radical stabilities is altered in aqueous solution due to different solvation free energies. These prefer conformers that lack intramolecular hydrogen bonds and expose O-H bonds to the solvent. Carbon-centered deoxyribose radicals can undergo competitive dissociations by loss of H atoms, OH radical, or by ring cleavages that all require threshold dissociation or transition state energies >100 kJ mol-1. This points to largely non-specific dissociations of 2-deoxyribose radicals when produced by exothermic hydrogen atom abstraction from the saccharide molecule. Oxygen-centered 2-deoxyribose radicals show only marginal thermodynamic and kinetic stability and are expected to readily fragment upon formation.

Radiation and Radiationless Processes in 2,3-Pentanedione; Phosphorescence Lifetime in the Gas Phase

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Jackson ◽  
A. J. Yarwood
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Hydrogen Atom Abstraction ◽  
Intersystem Crossing ◽  
Phosphorescence Lifetime ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen

Fluorescence and phosphorescence are observed when 2,3-pentanedione in the gaseous state is excited at 365, 405, and 436°nm. The phosphorescence lifetime has been investigated as a function of temperature (298 to 363 °K) and concentration of the diketone (0.5 to 90 × 10−4 M). A mechanism that explains the experimental data is proposed. Apart from the radiative process and an intersystem crossing to the ground state, the triplet state 2,3-pentanedione molecules are removed by two other processes. One is a unimolecular reaction with a rate constant of 1 × 1011 exp (−11.0/RT) s−1 (consistent with an intramolecular hydrogen atom abstraction), and the other is an interaction with ground state molecules. The photochemistry of the triplet state of 2,3-pentanedione is compared with that of biacetyl to consider the effect of substitution of a hydrogen atom by the methyl group on the radiationless processes in diketones.

Hydrogen atom abstraction and addition reactions of charged phenyl radicals with aromatic substrates in the gas phase

2001 ◽  
Vol 210-211 ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E. Ramı́rez-Arizmendi ◽  
Leo Guler ◽  
Joseph J. Ferra ◽  
Kami K. Thoen ◽  
Hilkka I. Kenttämaa
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Hydrogen Atom Abstraction ◽  
Addition Reactions ◽  
Phenyl Radicals ◽  
Aromatic Substrates
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