Predictions of Novel Two-Photon Absorption Bands in Fluorescent Proteins

2007 ◽  
Vol 111 (50) ◽  
pp. 14043-14050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Nifosì ◽  
Yi Luo
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon

scholarly journals Multiphoton Bleaching of Red Fluorescent Proteins and the Ways to Reduce It

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 770
Author(s):  
Mikhail Drobizhev ◽  
Rosana S. Molina ◽  
Jacob Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Multiphoton Ionization ◽  
Excitation Power ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Green Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Red Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Red fluorescent proteins and biosensors built upon them are potentially beneficial for two-photon laser microscopy (TPLM) because they can image deeper layers of tissue, compared to green fluorescent proteins. However, some publications report on their very fast photobleaching, especially upon excitation at 750–800 nm. Here we study the multiphoton bleaching properties of mCherry, mPlum, tdTomato, and jREX-GECO1, measuring power dependences of photobleaching rates K at different excitation wavelengths across the whole two-photon absorption spectrum. Although all these proteins contain the chromophore with the same chemical structure, the mechanisms of their multiphoton bleaching are different. The number of photons required to initiate a photochemical reaction varies, depending on wavelength and power, from 2 (all four proteins) to 3 (jREX-GECO1) to 4 (mCherry, mPlum, tdTomato), and even up to 8 (tdTomato). We found that at sufficiently low excitation power P, the rate K often follows a quadratic power dependence, that turns into higher order dependence (K~Pα with α > 2) when the power surpasses a particular threshold P*. An optimum intensity for TPLM is close to the P*, because it provides the highest signal-to-background ratio and any further reduction of laser intensity would not improve the fluorescence/bleaching rate ratio. Additionally, one should avoid using wavelengths shorter than a particular threshold to avoid fast bleaching due to multiphoton ionization.

scholarly journals Two-photon excited deep-red and near-infrared emissive organic co-crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Huang Wu ◽  
Penghao Li ◽  
Su Chen ◽  
Leighton O. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Optical Materials ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Near Infrared Emission

Abstract Two-photon excited near-infrared fluorescence materials have garnered considerable attention because of their superior optical penetration, higher spatial resolution, and lower optical scattering compared with other optical materials. Herein, a convenient and efficient supramolecular approach is used to synthesize a two-photon excited near-infrared emissive co-crystalline material. A naphthalenediimide-based triangular macrocycle and coronene form selectively two co-crystals. The triangle-shaped co-crystal emits deep-red fluorescence, while the quadrangle-shaped co-crystal displays deep-red and near-infrared emission centered on 668 nm, which represents a 162 nm red-shift compared with its precursors. Benefiting from intermolecular charge transfer interactions, the two co-crystals possess higher calculated two-photon absorption cross-sections than those of their individual constituents. Their two-photon absorption bands reach into the NIR-II region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The quadrangle-shaped co-crystal constitutes a unique material that exhibits two-photon absorption and near-infrared emission simultaneously. This co-crystallization strategy holds considerable promise for the future design and synthesis of more advanced optical materials.

Resonance Enhancement of Two-Photon Absorption in Fluorescent Proteins

2007 ◽  
Vol 111 (50) ◽  
pp. 14051-14054 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Drobizhev ◽  
N. S. Makarov ◽  
T. Hughes ◽  
A. Rebane
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Resonance Enhancement
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