Pulse Radiolysis Study on the Estimation of Radiolytic Yields of Water Decomposition Products in High-Temperature and Supercritical Water:  Use of Methyl Viologen as a Scavenger

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (40) ◽  
pp. 8287-8295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhang Lin ◽  
Yosuke Katsumura ◽  
Yusa Muroya ◽  
Hui He ◽  
Guozhong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Pulse Radiolysis ◽  
Methyl Viologen ◽  
Water Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Products

Pulse radiolysis of high temperature and supercritical water: experimental setup and eaq− observation

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhong Wu ◽  
Yosuke Katsumura ◽  
Yusa Muroya ◽  
Xifeng Li ◽  
Yohei Terada
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Pulse Radiolysis ◽  
Experimental Setup

PENGGUNAAN AIR SUPER KRITIS PADA DEPOLIMERISASI NYLON-12 (BATCH PROCESS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Yusman
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Water Decomposition ◽  
Product Distributions ◽  
New Process ◽  
Nylon 12

Water at the supercritical state is a new process for the chemical recycling. At this thermodynamic state i.e. Pc = 218 atmospheres and Tc = 374oC , water behaves very differently from its everyday temperament and it is a very good solvent for organic components. Experimental studies show that supercritical water can decompose hydrocarbons/polymers and produce useful products like 2-Azacyclotridecanone /lactam-1 from Nylon-12 (batch process). The decomposition process itself was carried out in batch reaction system in order to get more information about product distributions, time dependence, and scale-up possibilities.Keywords: supercritical water, decomposition, batch, polymer, hydrocarbon

Diffusivity, Solubility and Speciation of Sulphur in Silicate Melts

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stelling ◽  
Harald Behrens ◽  
Joachim Deubener ◽  
Stefan Mangold ◽  
Joerg Goettlicher
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Silicate Melts ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffusion Couple Technique ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Diffusion Profiles

Diffusion and solubility of sulphur have important effects on the degassing of silicate melts. Both properties are closely related to the structural incorporation of sulphur in the melt. Depending on the oxygen fugacity, sulphur can be present as sulphide (S2-), sulphite (S4+) or sulphate (S6+). Sulphates play an important role in the industrial production of glasses especially in the fining process. The decomposition products of sulphate amass in bubbles which ascend and homogenize the melt. Structural incorporation of sulphur in glasses is studied by XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy). Diffusion of sulphur is investigated in simple silicate systems using the diffusion couple technique. First diffusion profiles were measured in sodium trisilicate glasses by electron microprobe. The results indicate that sulphur diffusivity in high temperature melts is close to the Eyring diffusivity calculated from viscosity data.

Design of an optical cell for pulse radiolysis of supercritical water

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 3345-3350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Takahashi ◽  
Jason A. Cline ◽  
David M. Bartels ◽  
Charles D. Jonah
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Pulse Radiolysis ◽  
Optical Cell

Aqueous High-Temperature Chemistry of Carbo- and Heterocycles. 23.Reactions of Pyridine Analogs and Benzopyrroles in Supercritical Water at 460 .degree.C

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 990-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Katritzky ◽  
Richard A. Barcock ◽  
Michael Siskin ◽  
William N. Olmstead
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Supercritical Water ◽  
High Temperature Chemistry

Pulse Radiolysis of Supercritical Water. 3. Spectrum and Thermodynamics of the Hydrated Electron

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 1299-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Bartels ◽  
Kenji Takahashi ◽  
Jason A. Cline ◽  
Timothy W. Marin ◽  
Charles D. Jonah
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Pulse Radiolysis ◽  
Hydrated Electron

Impact of industrial-age climate change on the relationship between water uptake and tissue nitrogen in eucalypt seedlings

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyro L. Sherwin ◽  
Laurel George ◽  
Kamali Kannangara ◽  
David T. Tissue ◽  
Oula Ghannoum
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Water Use ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
15N Nmr ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Total N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Tissue Nitrogen

This study explored reductions in tissue nitrogen concentration ([N]) at elevated CO2 concentrations ([CO2]), and changes in plant water and N uptake. Eucalyptus saligna Sm. seedlings were grown under three [CO2] levels (preindustrial (280 μL L–1), current (400 μL L–1) or projected (640 μL L–1)) and two air temperatures (current, (current + 4°C)). Gravimetric water use, leaf gas exchange and tissue dry mass and %N were determined. Solid-state 15N-NMR spectroscopy was used for determining the partitioning of N chemical groups in the dry matter fractions. Water use efficiency (WUE) improved with increasing [CO2] at ambient temperature, but strong leaf area and weak reductions in transpiration rates led to greater water use at elevated [CO2]. High temperature increased plant water use, such that WUE was not significantly stimulated by increasing [CO2] at high temperature. Total N uptake increased with increasing [CO2] but not temperature, less than the increase recorded for plant biomass. Tissue [N] decreased with rising [CO2] and at high temperature, but N use efficiency increased with rising [CO2]. Total N uptake was positively correlated with total water use and root biomass under all treatments. Growth [CO2] and temperature did not affect the partitioning of 15N among the N chemical groups. The reductions of tissue [N] with [CO2] and temperature were generic, not specific to particular N compounds. The results suggest that reductions in tissue [N] are caused by changes in root N uptake by mass flow due to altered transpiration rates at elevated [CO2] and temperature.

Water-deficit and high temperature affected water use efficiency and arabinoxylan concentration in spring wheat

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Zhang ◽  
Wenzhao Liu ◽  
Scott X. Chang ◽  
Anthony O. Anyia
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Use Efficiency
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