In-situ Voltage Tunneling Spectroscopy at Electrochemical Interfaces

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (13) ◽  
pp. 6262-6267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Hugelmann ◽  
Werner Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Tunneling Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Interfaces

Applications of Synchrotron Surface X-Ray Scattering Studies of Electrochemical Interfaces

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoydoo You ◽  
Zoltán Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Science ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Significant Intensity ◽  
Electrochemical Interfaces

Aqueous-solution/solid interfaces are ubiquitous in modern manufacturing environments as well as in our living environment, and studies of such interfaces are an active area of science and engineering research. An important area is the study of liquid/solid interfaces under active electrochemical control, which has many immediate technological implications, for example, corrosion/passivation of metals and energy storage in batteries and ultracapacitors. The central phenomenon of electrochemistry is the charge transfer at the interface, and the region of interest is usually wider than a single atomic layer, ranging from a monolayer to thousands of angstroms, extending into both phases.Despite the technological and environmental importance of liquid/solid interfaces, the atomic level understanding of such interfaces had been very much hampered by the absence of nondestructive, in situ experimental techniques. The situation has changed somewhat in recent decades with the development of the largely ex situ ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) surface science, modern spectroscopic techniques, and modern surface microscopy.However in situ experiments of electrochemical interfaces are difficult, stemming from the special nature of these interfaces. These are so-called buried interfaces in which the solid electrode surface is covered by a relatively thick liquid layer. For this reason, the probe we use in the structural investigation must satisfy simultaneously two conditions: (1) the technique must be surface/interface sensitive, and (2) absorption of the probe in the liquid phase must be sufficiently small for penetration to and from the interface of interest without significant intensity loss.

Is there any beam yet? Uses of synchrotron radiation in the in situ study of electrochemical interfaces

1988 ◽  
Vol 92 (25) ◽  
pp. 7045-7052 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Abruna ◽  
J. H. White ◽  
M. J. Albarelli ◽  
G. M. Bommarito ◽  
M. J. Bedzyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Electrochemical Interfaces

In Situ Video-STM Studies of Adsorbate Dynamics at Electrochemical Interfaces

ChemPhysChem ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1438-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tunay Tansel ◽  
Andriy Taranovskyy ◽  
Olaf M. Magnussen
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Interfaces

In situ Spectroelectrochemical Study of the Anodic Dissolution of Silicon by Potential-Difference and Electromodulated FT-IR Spectroscopy

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ozanam ◽  
C. Da Fonseca ◽  
A. Venkateswara Rao ◽  
J.-N. Chazalviel
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Anodic Dissolution ◽  
Potential Difference ◽  
Free Carrier Absorption ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Microscopic Models ◽  
Carrier Absorption ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Electrochemical Interfaces

The anodic dissolution of p-Si has been investigated by in situ infrared spectroscopy. The combination of potential-difference and electromodulated spectroscopies allows for the acquisition of a rather complete picture of the various regimes of the dissolution. After a review of general principles for studying electrochemical interfaces, a study of the interfacial oxide layer formed in the electropolishing regime is presented. Quantitative analysis shows that the thickness and quality of the oxide (density and defect content) depend upon electrode potential. Free-carrier absorption detected in electromodulated spectra shows that the blocking character of the oxide is correlated with the buildup of a stoichiometric oxide of low defectivity at sufficiently positive potentials. Furthermore, the dynamic response to the modulation reveals that oxides formed at weak positive potentials interact with electrolyte species through electro-induced adsorptions/desorptions on charged SiOH sites. At more positive potentials, charge is transported across the oxide by charged defects which could be associated with tricoordinated, positively charged SiO species. Finally, results obtained during porous silicon formation at weak positive potentials are presented. Potential-difference spectroscopy indicates that the electrode exhibits a very large specific surface area, and that the surface is covered by SiH bonds. Electromodulated infrared spectroscopy reveals that the SiH species are generated upon anodic current flowing and that the breaking of these bonds is the rate-limiting step of the anodic reaction. These unexpected results have given rise to the elaboration of new microscopic models for the direct anodic dissolution of silicon in fluoride electrolytes.

In Situ Distance Tunneling Spectroscopy at Au(111)/0.02 M HClO[sub 4]

2004 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. E97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hugelmann ◽  
Werner Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Tunneling Spectroscopy

In Situ X-Ray Scattering of Monolayers Adsorbed at Electrochemical Interfaces.

1988 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Toney ◽  
Owen. R Melroy
Keyword(s):  
Near Neighbor ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Electrochemical Interfaces ◽  
Ag Substrate ◽  
Near Neighbor Distance ◽  
Surface Diffraction ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractSurface x-ray scattering has been used to study in-situ the structure of Pb monolayers electrochemically adsorbed on Ag (111) electrodes. Pb forms an incommensurate, hexagonal two-dimensional (2D) solid, which is rotated approximately 4.5° from the substrate symmetry directions and compressed relative to bulk Pb. Between monolayer formation and bulk deposition, the Pb-Pb near neighbor distance decreases linearly with applied potential. Due to the chemical equilibrium between the Pb monolayer and the Pb in solution, the isothermal compressibility of the monolayer can be measured and is in good agreement with that calculated for a 2D non-interacting free electron gas model of the monolayer. It is observed that the intensity of surface diffraction from the Ag substrate (the Ag crystal truncation rod) decreases when the Pb monolayer is adsorbed, although the cause of this is not known.

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