Perturbing the Sequestered Water-Pool in Microemulsions:  The Role of the Probe in Affecting Reverse Micelle Equilibria

2002 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Rack ◽  
T. Mark McCleskey ◽  
Eva R. Birnbaum
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Micelle ◽  
Water Pool

Nanoreactors or nanoscale stablizers: routes for solution processed indium tin oxide nanoparticles by reverse micelle deposition

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 797-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonghwa Yu ◽  
Ayse Turak
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Reverse Micelle ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Reaction Sequence ◽  
Solution Precursor ◽  
Tin Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles

The production of nanoparticles from solution typically involves the use of complex solution additives or particle functionalization with organic ligands to prevent aggregation. Another approach would be to produce the particles within a nanoscale environment, such as inside a micelle. In this contribution, we produced indium tin oxide nanoparticles using the diblock copolymer reverse micelle approach. We examined different solution precursor routes without any additives. Additionally, we examined the role of the reaction sequence, either nanoparticle formation outside the micelles or using the micelle itself as a nanoreactor.

THE ROLE OF THE BASAL GANGLIA IN EXPLORATION IN A NEURAL MODEL BASED ON REINFORCEMENT LEARNING

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 111-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. SRIDHARAN ◽  
P. S. PRASHANTH ◽  
V. S. CHAKRAVARTHY
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
State Space ◽  
Chaotic Systems ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Water Pool ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics

We present a computational model of basal ganglia as a key player in exploratory behavior. The model describes exploration of a virtual rat in a simulated water pool experiment. The virtual rat is trained using a reward-based or reinforcement learning paradigm which requires units with stochastic behavior for exploration of the system's state space. We model the Subthalamic Nucleus-Globus Pallidus externa (STN-GPe) segment of the basal ganglia as a pair of neuronal layers with oscillatory dynamics, exhibiting a variety of dynamic regimes such as chaos, traveling waves and clustering. Invoking the property of chaotic systems to explore state-space, we suggest that the complex exploratory dynamics of STN-GPe system in conjunction with dopamine-based reward signaling from the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNc) present the two key ingredients of a reinforcement learning system.

EFFECT OF REVERSE MICELLE WATER POOL IN SYNTHESIS OF ZIRCONIA STABILIZED COPPER NANOCOMPOSITE

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 559-567
Author(s):  
H. Abdizadeh ◽  
Y. Vahidshad ◽  
H. R. Baharvandi ◽  
M. Akbari Baseri
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Anionic Surfactant ◽  
Reverse Micelle ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Water Pool ◽  
20 Nm

In the water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsions based on anionic (AOT) surfactants, the ω value (molar ratio of water to surfactant), precursor, and surfactant could remarkably affect the synthesis of CuO - ZrO 2 nanocomposite and the morphologies of the sol-gel products simultaneously. In this study, CuO - ZrO 2 nanoparticles are synthesized using microreactors made of surfactant/water/n-hexane microemulsions and discusses the effect of different microemulsion variables on the particle size and particle size distribution by water-to-surfactant molar ratio. The obtained powders are characterized by DTA, XRD, SEM, EDS, and TEM and their physical properties are compared. For AOT surfactant the particle size increased with increasing the water to surfactant molar ratio. The particles size of CuO - ZrO 2 nanocomposite in sample with anionic surfactant with molar ratio of 6 that calcined at 600°C is between 15-20 nm.

Ramping of pH Across the Water-Pool of a Reverse Micelle

Langmuir ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1693-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspal Mukherjee ◽  
Shradhey Gupta ◽  
Shahnawaz Rafiq ◽  
Rajeev Yadav ◽  
Vipin Kumar Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Micelle ◽  
Water Pool

Role of hydration in phosphatidylcholine reverse micelle structure and gelation in cyclohexane: a molecular dynamics study

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 14951-14960 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vierros ◽  
M. Sammalkorpi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Reverse Micelle ◽  
Molecular Simulations ◽  
Micelle Structure

Molecular simulations reveal lipid headgroup hydration is at key role in organogel transition in lecithin–water–cyclohexane systems.

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