Dynamical Time Scales of Aqueous Solvation at Negatively Charged Lipid/Water Interfaces†

2002 ◽  
Vol 106 (33) ◽  
pp. 7482-7490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Benderskii ◽  
Kenneth B. Eisenthal
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Aqueous Solvation

scholarly journals Dynamical time scales of friction dynamics in active microrheology of a model glass

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ata Madanchi ◽  
Ji Woong Yu ◽  
Mohamad Reza Rahimi Tabar ◽  
Won Bo Lee ◽  
S. E. E. Rahbari
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Supercooled Liquids ◽  
Model Glass ◽  
Heterogeneous Structures ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Friction Dynamics

Owing to the local/heterogeneous structures in supercooled liquids, after several decades of research, it is now clear that supercooled liquids are structurally different from their conventional liquid counterparts. Accordingly, an...

scholarly journals Report of the IAU WGAS Sub-group on Issues on Time

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
P.K. Seidelmann
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
Coordinate Time ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Different Time Scales

Included in the nine adopted recommendations of the IAU Working Group on Reference Systems (Hughes, et. al., in 1991), were recommendations for the introduction of Geocentric Coordinate Time (TCG) and Barycentric CoordinateTime (TCB), the renaming of the Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TDT) as Terrestrial Time (TT), and the approval to continue the use of Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB) when that is desirable. The relationships between these different time scales and the reason for their introduction was given by Seidelmann and Fukushima (1992). Since it was recognized that there were some unresolved issues as a result of these recommendations, a subcommittee of the Working Group on Astronomical Standards was established for Issues on Time.

scholarly journals Presentation of WGRS Recommendations I to V

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
B. Guinot
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reference Systems ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Time Standards ◽  
Primary Mission ◽  
Relativistic Framework ◽  
Atomic Time

I start by general remarks on the background of the recommendations on space-time references which are submitted to you.The need to consider time scales in a relativistic framework appeared more than 20 years age following the progress of atomic time standards. After long discussions, this led the IAU to define, In 1976, time scales which were designated, In 1979, as Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TDT) and Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB). But soon afterwards difficulties in the interpretation of the definitions of TDT and TDB arose. It appeared that the source of these difficulties was the lack of a global approach to space-time reference systems. This point of view, first voiced by J. Lieske, gained acceptance. At the very beginning of the work of the WGRS Sub-Groups on Frames and Origins (SGFO) and on Time (SGT), It became clear the the primary mission of the SGFO and SGT was to jointly prepare general recommendations on space-time references on which they could base their specific recommendations.

Evolutionary versus dynamical time scales for the evolution of the central stars of planetary nebulae

1990 ◽  
Vol 351 ◽  
pp. 230 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. McCarthy ◽  
J. R. Mould ◽  
R. H. Mendez ◽  
R. P. Kudritzki ◽  
D. Husfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Central Stars

scholarly journals Correction: Dynamical time scales of friction dynamics in active microrheology of a model glass

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Madanchi ◽  
Ji Woong Yu ◽  
Won Bo Lee ◽  
M. R. Rahimi Tabar ◽  
S. H. E. Rahbari
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Model Glass ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Friction Dynamics

Correction for ‘Dynamical time scales of friction dynamics in active microrheology of a model glass’ by A. Madanchi et al., Soft Matter, 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02039g.

scholarly journals Atomic hydrogen clues to the formation of counterrotating stellar discs

2020 ◽  
Vol 495 (1) ◽  
pp. 1433-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M Young ◽  
Davor Krajnović ◽  
Pierre-Alain Duc ◽  
Paolo Serra
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Equatorial Plane ◽  
Atomic Hydrogen ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
External Source ◽  
Stellar Disc ◽  
Formation Pathway ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Atomic Gas ◽  
Stellar Body

ABSTRACT We present interferometric H i observations of six double-disc stellar counterrotator (‘2σ’) galaxies from the ATLAS3D sample. Three are detected in H i emission; two of these are new detections. NGC 7710 shows a modestly asymmetric H i disc, and the atomic gas in PGC 056772 is centrally peaked but too poorly resolved to identify the direction of rotation. IC 0719, the most instructive system in this study, shows an extended, strongly warped disc of ∼43 kpc diameter, with a faint tail extending towards its neighbour IC 0718. The gas has likely been accreted from this external source during an encounter whose geometry directed the gas into misaligned retrograde orbits (with respect to the primary stellar body of IC 0719). In the interior, where dynamical time-scales are shorter, the H i has settled into the equatorial plane forming the retrograde secondary stellar disc. This is the first direct evidence that a double-disc stellar counterrotator could be formed through the accretion of retrograde gas. However, the dominant formation pathway for the formation of 2σ galaxies is still unclear. The ATLAS3D sample shows some cases of the retrograde accretion scenario and also some cases in which a scenario based on an unusually well-aligned merger is more likely.

scholarly journals How Does the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation Affect the Stratospheric Polar Vortex?

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. G. Watson ◽  
Lesley J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Stratospheric Polar Vortex ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
Biennial Oscillation

Abstract The stratospheric polar vortex is weaker in the easterly phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO-E) than in the westerly phase (QBO-W), but the mechanism behind the QBO's influence is not well understood. The composite difference of the atmospheric state between QBO-E and QBO-W is found to closely resemble the structure of the northern annular mode, the leading empirical orthogonal function of stratospheric variability, including its wave components. Studies of dynamical systems indicate that many different forcings could give rise to this response, and therefore this composite difference does not provide much information about the forcing mechanism. It is argued that the full transient response of a system to an applied forcing is likely to be much more informative about the dynamics of the forcing mechanism, especially the response on time scales shorter than the dynamical time scale, which is about a week for vortex variability. It is shown that the transient response of the vortex to forcing by the QBO in a general circulation model is consistent with the proposed mechanism of Holton and Tan, indicating that this mechanism has a role in the QBO modulation of vortex strength, in contrast to the conclusions of several recent studies. This novel approach of examining the transient response to a forcing on short time scales may be useful in various other outstanding problems.

scholarly journals MHD relaxation of fossil magnetic fields in stellar interiors

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (S271) ◽  
pp. 270-278
Author(s):  
Stéphane Mathis ◽  
Vincent Duez ◽  
Jonathan Braithwaite
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Stable Stratification ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Magnetic Helicity ◽  
Stellar Radiation ◽  
Dynamical Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Selective Decay ◽  
Host Stars ◽  
Mhd Relaxation

AbstractThe understanding of fossil fields origin, topology, and stability is one of the corner stones of the stellar magnetism theory. On one hand, since they survive on secular time scales, they may modify the structure and the evolution of their host stars. On the other hand, they must have a complex stable structure since it has been demonstrated that the simplest purely poloidal or toroidal fields are unstable on dynamical time scales. In this context, the only stable stellar configurations found today are those resulting from numerical simulations by Braithwaite and collaborators who studied the evolution of an initial stochastic magnetic field, which relaxes with a selective decay of magnetic helicity and energy, on mixed stable configurations (poloidal and toroidal) that seem to be in equilibrium and then diffuse. In this talk, we report the semi-analytical investigation of such an equilibrium field in the axisymmetric case. We use variational methods, which describe selective decay of magnetic helicity and energy during MHD relaxation, and we identify a supplementary invariant due to the stable stratification of stellar radiation zones. This leads to states that generalize force-free Taylor's relaxation states studied in plasma laboratory experiments that become non force-free in the stellar case. Moreover, astrophysical applications are presented and the stability of obtained configurations is studied.

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