scholarly journals Stereoselective Formation of a Functionalized Dipeptide Isostere by Zinc Carbenoid-Mediated Chain Extension†

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 645-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimin Lin ◽  
Cory R. Theberge ◽  
Timothy J. Henderson ◽  
Charles K. Zercher ◽  
Jerry Jasinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Extension ◽  
Zinc Carbenoid

Formation of β-Substituted γ-Keto Esters via Zinc Carbenoid Mediated Chain Extension

Synthesis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (15) ◽  
pp. 2404-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Zercher ◽  
Weimin Lin ◽  
Robert McGinness ◽  
Emerald Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Chain Extension ◽  
Keto Esters ◽  
Zinc Carbenoid

Zinc carbenoid-mediated chain extension of β-keto amides

Tetrahedron ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (42) ◽  
pp. 8793-8800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Hilgenkamp ◽  
Charles K Zercher
Keyword(s):  
Chain Extension ◽  
Zinc Carbenoid

ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Carbenoid Mediated Chain Extension of β-Keto Amides.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Ramona Hilgenkamp ◽  
Charles K. Zercher
Keyword(s):  
Chain Extension ◽  
Zinc Carbenoid

Formation of β-Substituted γ-Keto Esters via Zinc Carbenoid Mediated Chain Extension.

ChemInform ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimin Lin ◽  
Robert J. McGinness ◽  
Emerald C. Wilson ◽  
Charles K. Zercher
Keyword(s):  
Chain Extension ◽  
Keto Esters ◽  
Zinc Carbenoid

scholarly journals Poly(lactic Acid): A Versatile Biobased Polymer for the Future with Multifunctional Properties—From Monomer Synthesis, Polymerization Techniques and Molecular Weight Increase to PLA Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1822
Author(s):  
Evangelia Balla ◽  
Vasileios Daniilidis ◽  
Georgia Karlioti ◽  
Theocharis Kalamas ◽  
Myrika Stefanidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chain Extension ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Decomposition Reactions ◽  
Melt Polycondensation ◽  
Polymerization Conditions ◽  
Molecular Weight Increase

Environmental problems, such as global warming and plastic pollution have forced researchers to investigate alternatives for conventional plastics. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), one of the well-known eco-friendly biodegradables and biobased polyesters, has been studied extensively and is considered to be a promising substitute to petroleum-based polymers. This review gives an inclusive overview of the current research of lactic acid and lactide dimer techniques along with the production of PLA from its monomers. Melt polycondensation as well as ring opening polymerization techniques are discussed, and the effect of various catalysts and polymerization conditions is thoroughly presented. Reaction mechanisms are also reviewed. However, due to the competitive decomposition reactions, in the most cases low or medium molecular weight (MW) of PLA, not exceeding 20,000–50,000 g/mol, are prepared. For this reason, additional procedures such as solid state polycondensation (SSP) and chain extension (CE) reaching MW ranging from 80,000 up to 250,000 g/mol are extensively investigated here. Lastly, numerous practical applications of PLA in various fields of industry, technical challenges and limitations of PLA use as well as its future perspectives are also reported in this review.

Shear‐sensitive chain extension of dissolved poly(ethylene oxide) by aluminate ions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyam Srivastava ◽  
Zachary Fink ◽  
Elizabeth G. Burns ◽  
Thomas P. Russell ◽  
David A. Hoagland
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Chain Extension ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Poly Ethylene
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