Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling of Halophenols and Phenol Boronic Acids: Systematic Investigation of Positional Isomer Effects and Conclusions for the Synthesis of Phytoalexins from Pyrinae

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 4104-4118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Schmidt ◽  
Martin Riemer
Keyword(s):  
Positional Isomer ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Boronic Acids

Grain Refinement in Titanium-Erbium Alloys

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 522-523
Author(s):  
B. B. Rath ◽  
J. E. O'Neal ◽  
R. J. Lederich
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Titanium Matrix ◽  
Average Size

Addition of small amounts of erbium has a profound effect on recrystallization and grain growth in titanium. Erbium, because of its negligible solubility in titanium, precipitates in the titanium matrix as a finely dispersed second phase. The presence of this phase, depending on its average size, distribution, and volume fraction in titanium, strongly inhibits the migration of grain boundaries during recrystallization and grain growth, and thus produces ultimate grains of sub-micrometer dimensions. A systematic investigation has been conducted to study the isothermal grain growth in electrolytically pure titanium and titanium-erbium alloys (Er concentration ranging from 0-0.3 at.%) over the temperature range of 450 to 850°C by electron microscopy.

Optical Properties of HVEM Accelerators

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 180-181
Author(s):  
A. Strojnik ◽  
J.W. Scholl ◽  
V. Bevc
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electron Accelerator ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Electron Source ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optical Behavior

The electron accelerator, as inserted between the electron source (injector) and the imaging column of the HVEM, is usually a strong lens and should be optimized in order to ensure high brightness over a wide range of accelerating voltages and illuminating conditions. This is especially true in the case of the STEM where the brightness directly determines the highest resolution attainable. In the past, the optical behavior of accelerators was usually determined for a particular configuration. During the development of the accelerator for the Arizona 1 MEV STEM, systematic investigation was made of the major optical properties for a variety of electrode configurations, number of stages N, accelerating voltages, 1 and 10 MEV, and a range of injection voltages ϕ0 = 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300 kV).

Magnitude Estimation and Cross-Modal Matching of Lingual Vibrotactile and Auditory Sensation

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Harris ◽  
Donald Fucci ◽  
Linda Petrosino
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Stimulus ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Thenar Eminence ◽  
Stimulus Range ◽  
Psychophysical Scaling ◽  
Scaling Methods ◽  
Response Biases

The present experiment was a preliminary attempt to use the psychophysical scaling methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching to investigate suprathreshold judgments of lingual vibrotactile and auditory sensation magnitudes for 20 normal young adult subjects. A 250-Hz lingual vibrotactile stimulus and a 1000-Hz binaural auditory stimulus were employed. To obtain judgments for nonoral vibrotactile sensory magnitudes, the thenar eminence of the hand was also employed as a test site for 5 additional subjects. Eight stimulus intensities were presented during all experimental tasks. The results showed that the slopes of the log-log vibrotactile magnitude estimation functions decreased at higher stimulus intensity levels for both test sites. Auditory magnitude estimation functions were relatively constant throughout the stimulus range. Cross-modal matching functions for the two stimuli generally agreed with functions predicted from the magnitude estimation data, except when subjects adjusted vibration on the tongue to match auditory stimulus intensities. The results suggested that the methods of magnitude estimation and cross-modal matching may be useful for studying sensory processing in the speech production system. However, systematic investigation of response biases associated with vibrotactile-auditory psychophysical scaling tasks appears to be a prerequisite.

Effects of Postgastric 13C-Acetate Processing on 13CO2-Exhalation in Health–A Systematic Investigation

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Goetze ◽  
H Fruehauf ◽  
MA Kwiatek ◽  
M Thumshirn ◽  
W Schwizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Investigation

An Heuristic for the Construction of Alternative Test Forms for the Zahlen-Verbindungs-Test

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Vickers ◽  
Charles Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Analytical Problem ◽  
Cognitive Efficiency ◽  
Basic Reason ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Alternative Test

Trail-making tests such as Oswald and Roth's 1987 Zahlen-Verbindungs-Test offer sensitive and reliable indicators of cognitive efficiency that are also simple, inexpensive, and quick to administer. A disadvantage is that there exist only a limited number of test forms so the scope for repeated administration and systematic investigation is restricted. The basic reason is that the principled generation of such pathways remains an unsolved analytical problem. In this note we propose an heuristic stratagem for the generation of alternative test forms for the Zahlen-Verbindungs-Test.

A Mild and Simple Method for Making MIDA Boronates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan Kelly ◽  
Peng-Jui (Ruby) Chen ◽  
Jenna Klubnick ◽  
Daniel J. Blair ◽  
Martin D. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Boronic Acids ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Direct Preparation ◽  
Synthesis Procedure ◽  
Harsh Conditions

<div> <div> <div> <p>Existing methods for making MIDA boronates require harsh conditions and complex procedures to achieve dehydration. Here we disclose that a pre-dried form of MIDA, MIDA anhydride, acts as both a source of the MIDA ligand and an in situ desiccant to enable a mild and simple MIDA boronate synthesis procedure. This method expands the range of sensitive boronic acids that can be converted into their MIDA boronate counterparts. Further utilizing unique properties of MIDA boronates, we have developed a MIDA Boronate Maker Kit which enables the direct preparation and purification of MIDA boronates from boronic acids using only heating and centrifuge equipment that is widely available in labs that do not specialize in organic synthesis. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Fuels for Advanced Applications: Evaluating and Modifying the Combustion Energy of Popular MOFs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem M. Titi ◽  
Mihails Arhangelskis ◽  
Athanassis Katsenis ◽  
Cristina Mottillo ◽  
Ghada Ayoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Combustion Energy ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Advanced Applications ◽  
Ligand Replacement

Systematic investigation of combustion energies for popular metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) reveals energy content comparable to conventional energetic materials and can be further modified and dine-tuned by polymorphism and isostructural ligand replacement to yield materials with energy densities comparable to Diesel or kerosene.<br>

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