Photolytic reaction of ethyl azidoformate with enol acetates

1967 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 3057-3061 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. W. Keana ◽  
Sue B. Keana ◽  
Dennis Beetham
Keyword(s):  
Enol Acetates ◽  
Photolytic Reaction

Electrochemical Synthesis of Fluorinated Ketones from Enol Acetates and Sodium Perfluoroalkyl Sulfinates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera A. Vil’ ◽  
Valentina M. Merkulova ◽  
Alexey I. Ilovaisky ◽  
Stanislav A. Paveliev ◽  
Gennady I. Nikishin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Enol Acetates

scholarly journals A Study of Catechin Photostability Using Photolytic Processing

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Jeu-Ming P. Yuann ◽  
Shwu-Yuan Lee ◽  
Meei-Ju Yang ◽  
Shiuh-Tsuen Huang ◽  
Chien-Wei Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Anion Radical ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Radical Species ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Photolytic Reaction

Catechin exhibits numerous physiological characteristics. In this study, we determined the photosensitivity of catechin to various lights under alkaline conditions, and the mechanisms by which catechin generates free radical species and polymerizes via a photoreaction. In addition to this, the application of catechin photolysis was investigated. A solution of catechin is transparent, but turns yellowish under blue light illumination (BLI) in neutral or weak alkaline solutions. When catechin is subjected to BLI, a dimeric catechin (proanthocyanidin) and a superoxide anion radical (O2•−) are generated in a photolytic reaction. When ascorbic acid or gallic acid is added to catechin and the mixture is subjected to BLI at alkaline pH, fewer catechin dimers and less O2•− are produced, because both acids inhibit the photosensitive oxidation of catechin. When AlCl3 is added to catechin and the mixture is subjected to BLI at pH 8, a photolytic reaction is suppressed by AlCl3, and AlCl3 acts as a catalyst for the disconnection of proanthocyanidin during photolysis. Under alkaline conditions, catechin generates O2•− via photosensitive oxidation, which suppresses the growth of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) by at least 4 logs, and deactivates its multi-drug-resistant strain. This study shows that catechin photolysis is a process of oxidation, and that it can be safely applied as a tool for environmental applications.

The photoaddition of 1,3-diketonatoboron difluorides with benzene derivatives

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan L. Chow ◽  
Xinxin Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Analysis ◽  
Secondary Oxidation ◽  
Enol Ethers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Reactions ◽  
Secondary Reactions ◽  
Enol Acetates ◽  
Orthogonal Orientation ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Boron Difluoride

The boron difluoride complexes of 2-acetylcyclohexanone, 2-acetylcyclopentanone, and acetylacetone (abbreviated as ACHBF2, ACPBF2, and AABF2) were irradiated in the presence of benzene to give the 1:1 adducts as the primary photoadducts; for certain BF2 complexes, toluene, chlorobenzene, benzonitrile, and methyl benzoate were also used as substrates. The 1,5-diketone photoadducts were assumed to form by a [2+2] photocycloaddition followed by cyclobutane opening and hydrolysis to give 1,2 adducts. They undergo a variety of secondary thermal reactions, probably acid catalyzed, to give enol ethers, enol acetates, acetophenones, and ketonylacetophenones. The efficiency of these secondary reactions determines the final products. Photoaddition with a monosubstituted benzene preferentially occurs at the 3,4 bond without regioselectivity. Under oxygen, ACHBF2 photolytically reacts with benzene to give a secondary oxidation product of a 10-membered cyclic alkylphe-none, which is proven by X-ray crystallographic analysis to have the benzene ring and carbonyl group in orthogonal orientation. It is shown that the singlet excited state ACHBF2 initiates the photoaddition, probably through the formation of the benzene exciplex, which could be detected by its emission. While the Stern–Volmer rates are small, the quantum yield of photoaddition products is as high as 0.12–0.19 under limiting conditions. Key words: [2+2] photocycloaddition, non-planar alkanophenone, macrocyclic alkanophenone, boron difluoride complexes, photoaddition to benzenes.

ChemInform Abstract: THE PHOTOLYTIC REACTION OF THIOLS WITH DIPHENYLVINYLPHOSPHINE

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS H. BROWN ◽  
RONALD J. CROSS ◽  
DOUGLAS MILLINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Photolytic Reaction

Microbial hydroxylation of steroids. 6. Hydroxylation of C-6-substituted androst-4-ene-3,17-diones by Rhizopusarrhizus ATCC 11145

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (13) ◽  
pp. 1585-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert L. Holland ◽  
Peter R. P. Diakow
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Hydroxylation ◽  
Enol Acetates

The products arising from the incubations of C-6α and C-6β chloro-, fluoro-, and methyl-substituted Δ4-3-keto steroids with the C-6β hydroxylating fungus Rhizopusarrhizus ATCC 11145 have been identified, and their formation rationalised in terms of Δ3,5 enolic intermediates. The incubations of C-6 chloro and methyl Δ3,5 enol acetates with R. arrhizus, and the oxidations by m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid of the corresponding enol ethyl ethers have also been described. The relevance of the results so obtained to the mechanism of C-6β hydroxylation of Δ4-3-keto steroids by R. arrhizus is discussed.

Photolysis of enol acetates and α-bromo derivatives ofo-(acyloxy)acetophenones

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermenegildo García ◽  
Roberto Martínez-Utrilla ◽  
Miguel A. Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Enol Acetates
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