CHEMISTRY OF THE GENUSSequoia. I. THE CONE SOLID OF COAST REDWOOD (Sequoia sempervirens) AND GIANT SEQUOIA: (Sequoia gigantea)

1955 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1402-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
GENE. KRITCHEVSKY ◽  
ARTHUR B. ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Sequoia Sempervirens ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Giant Sequoia

Genotypic diversity and clone size in old-growth populations of coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1408-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Asexual Reproduction ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Sequoia Sempervirens ◽  
Allozyme Diversity ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Clone Size ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Individual Trees

Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.) has long-lived individual trees that can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Allozyme markers indicate that, in old-growth populations in northern California, 15-34% of clones are multistemmed. Of those, they have few stems per clone, and none are very spatially pervasive. There is much variety in the clonal configurations observed, including circular, linear, and (or) disjunct arrangements. Visual assessment is a poor predictor of clonal identity and fairy ring structures more often than not contain multiple genotypes. In this first allozyme study of coast redwood, high levels of genetic variation are observed, higher than those observed for most other western conifers. These levels are perhaps related to the species' hexaploid condition, ancient phylogenetic lineage, and historically broader natural range. There are also generally high levels of genotypic diversity. Upland sites, with more frequent and intense fires, do not differ significantly in genotypic diversity from the more mesic lowland sites. Population structure in coast redwood seems to resemble the classic pattern for many open-pollinated conifers: much diversity within and little among populations. However, this is not a rangewide study. The current levels and structure of genetic and genotypic diversity in old-growth populations suggests episodic recruitment. The long-lived nature of individual stems and the capacity for asexual reproduction may allow clones to exist indefinitely, thus challenging some of the generalizations in evolutionary theory that are based on sexually reproducing species.Key words: clones, asexual reproduction, allozyme diversity, conifer, gymnosperm, polyploid.

Strategies for conservation of germplasm in endemic redwoods in the face of climate change: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Giant Sequoia ◽  
The Face

This study reviews the various conservation strategies applied to the four redwood species, namely coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Sierra redwood or giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), dawn redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) and South American redwood or alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides), which are endemic in the USA, China and South America, respectively. All four redwood genera belong to the family Cupressaceae; they are monospecific, share a number of common phenotypic traits, including red wood, and are threatened in their native ranges due to human activity and a changing climate. Therefore, the management objective should be to conserve representative populations of the native species with as much genetic diversity as possible for their future survival. Those representative populations exhibiting relatively high levels of genetic diversity should be selected for germplasm preservation and monitored during the conservation phase by using molecular markers. In situ and ex situ strategies for the preservation of germplasm of the redwoods are discussed in this study. A holistic in situ gene conservation strategy calls for the regeneration of a large number of diverse redwood genotypes that exhibit adequate levels of neutral and adaptive genetic variability, by generative and vegetative methods for their preservation and maintenance in their endemic locations. At the same time, it would be desirable to conserve the redwoods in new ex situ reserves, away from their endemic locations with similar as well as different environmental conditions for testing their growth and survival capacities. In addition, other ex situ strategies involving biotechnological approaches for preservation of seeds, tissues, pollen and DNA in genebanks should also be fully exploited in the face of global climate change.

scholarly journals Vesicular–Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Colonization of Redwood and Incense Cedar Seedlings following Storage

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1362-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Afek ◽  
L.A. Lippet ◽  
D. Adams ◽  
J.A. Menge ◽  
E. Pond
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Sequoia Sempervirens ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular

Vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum consisting of a mixture of roots of coast redwood [Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don)], soil, and spores of Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerdemann and Trappe was tested for viability and efficacy following storage for 4 or 8 weeks at 4, 9, 15, or 24C and moisture contents of 0%, 6%, 12%, or 17%. Storage regimes did not have any effect on the number of spores of Glomus mosseae recovered after storage. However, germinability of the spores decreased from 35% before storage to 10% to 31% during storage, especially under typical ambient room conditions (17% moisture at 24C). Maximum colonization of coast redwood, sierra redwood [Sequoiadendrom giganteum (Lindl.) Buchh.], and incense cedar (Libocedrous decurrens Torr.) was achieved after inoculation with 1 inoculum: 1 potting mix dilution (w/w). However, plant fresh weight was highest following inoculation with a 1 inoculum: 5 potting mix dilution (w/w). Dried inoculum was effective when stored at 24C, or below 10C when moist.

scholarly journals Genome‐wide association identifies candidate genes for drought tolerance in coast redwood and giant sequoia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda R. De La Torre ◽  
Manoj K. Sekhwal ◽  
Daniela Puiu ◽  
Steven L. Salzberg ◽  
Alison Dawn Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Giant Sequoia

Estimating relative error in growth ring analyses of second-growth coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2216-2222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M Waring ◽  
Kevin L O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Sequoia Sempervirens ◽  
North Central ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Central California ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Annual Growth Rings

Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.) grows in the coastal zone of north-central California and southern Oregon in pure and mixed-species forests. Redwood has long been recognized to exhibit unusual patterns within the annual growth rings typical of temperate forest trees, including partial and missing rings and ring-width anomalies. However, these patterns have not been quantified beyond a few suppressed trees. This study quantified the variation in ring counts occurring in 22 second-growth redwood trees from different canopy classes. Ring counts from cross sections taken at sample points along each tree bole revealed missing or incomplete rings in all sample trees and 70% of the cross sections. Ring counts along multiple radii were used to calculate probability of obtaining a maximum ring count along one radius. This probability was lowest at the tree base (0.25) and breast height (0.30) and highest near the top of the tree (0.90). Because of the high amount of variation present in ring counts at breast height, care should be taken when drawing conclusions regarding stand ages from increment cores. Increment cores should be taken from the longest axis of the tree and coring at tree base can be abandoned as cores are not likely to have higher ring counts than breast height cores.

scholarly journals Whole genome duplication in coast redwood ( Sequoia sempervirens ) and its implications for explaining the rarity of polyploidy in conifers

2016 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Dawn Scott ◽  
Noah W. M. Stenz ◽  
Pär K. Ingvarsson ◽  
David A. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Duplication ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Sequoia Sempervirens ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Coast Redwood

Terpenoid constituents of the pocket resin from coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)

1969 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 923-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Riffer ◽  
Arthur B. Anderson ◽  
Addie Wong
Keyword(s):  
Sequoia Sempervirens ◽  
Coast Redwood
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