Alkyl nitrite-metal halide deamination reactions. 2. Substitutive deamination of arylamines by alkyl nitrites and copper(II) halides. A direct and remarkably efficient conversion of arylamines to aryl halides

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (14) ◽  
pp. 2426-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Doyle ◽  
Bernard Siegfried ◽  
Joseph F. Dellaria
Keyword(s):  
Metal Halide ◽  
Aryl Halides ◽  
Alkyl Nitrites ◽  
Efficient Conversion ◽  
Alkyl Nitrite

scholarly journals HO<sub><i>x</i></sub> and NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> production in oxidation flow reactors via photolysis of isopropyl nitrite, isopropyl nitrite-d<sub>7</sub>, and 1,3-propyl dinitrite at <i>λ</i> = 254, 350, and 369 nm

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Lambe ◽  
Jordan E. Krechmer ◽  
Zhe Peng ◽  
Jason R. Casar ◽  
Anthony J. Carrasquillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Alkyl Nitrites ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Alkyl Nitrite

Abstract. Oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) are an emerging technique for studying the formation and oxidative aging of organic aerosols and other applications. In these flow reactors, hydroxyl radicals (OH), hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2), and nitric oxide (NO) are typically produced in the following ways: photolysis of ozone (O3) at λ=254 nm, photolysis of H2O at λ=185 nm, and via reactions of O(1D) with H2O and nitrous oxide (N2O); O(1D) is formed via photolysis of O3 at λ=254 nm and/or N2O at λ=185 nm. Here, we adapt a complementary method that uses alkyl nitrite photolysis as a source of OH via its production of HO2 and NO followed by the reaction NO + HO2 → NO2 + OH. We present experimental and model characterization of the OH exposure and NOx levels generated via photolysis of C3 alkyl nitrites (isopropyl nitrite, perdeuterated isopropyl nitrite, 1,3-propyl dinitrite) in the Potential Aerosol Mass (PAM) OFR as a function of photolysis wavelength (λ=254 to 369 nm) and organic nitrite concentration (0.5 to 20 ppm). We also apply this technique in conjunction with chemical ionization mass spectrometer measurements of multifunctional oxidation products generated following the exposure of α-Pinene to HOx and NOx obtained using both isopropyl nitrite and O3 + H2O + N2O as the radical precursors.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC ALKILNYTRITIS COMPOUNDS ON THE ORGANISM AND THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR FORENSIC CHEMICAL DETECTING

2019 ◽  
pp. 534-539
Author(s):  
D. Sopin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Alkyl Nitrites ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Alkyl Nitrite

The article reviews and summarizes theoretical issues related to the abuse of inhalants, provides data on the pharmacological and toxic effects, the legal status of the substances under study, the chemical analysis of alkyl nitrites. The risk to human health is associated with the ability of alkyl nitrites to cause methemoglobin, changes in organs and systems, including myocardial dystrophy, chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. The use of isopropyl nitrite can cause damage to the retina, maculapathy. ”Poppers” is a subgroup of volatile substances – alkyl nitrites, represented by compounds or mixtures and contain more than one alkyl nitrite, mainly: butyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite or amyl nitrite, isopentyl nitrite, or 2-methyl butyl nitrite. On the Internet market they are presented under the following slang names: amyls, hardware, liquid gold, locker room, rock hard, rush, snapper, TNT . Chemico-toxicological analysis is carried out by chromatography methods – the vapor phase analysis with identification on a flame-ionization or mass-selective detector is used. Blood, in cases of deadly intoxication, lung tissue are the best objects. One of the signs of using alkyl nitrites is the formation of methemoglobin, the definition of which has an important diagnostic value. Joint detection of metabolites of alkyl nitrites and methemoglobin may indicate the possible use of alkyl nitrites. The legal status of alkyl nitrites in most countries varies from free use to medical prescription sales. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, alkyl nitrites are not under the control of the law “On Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances, Their Analogues and Precursors, and Measures to Counteract Their Illicit Circulation and Abuse”. Their abuse is a concern because of their detrimental health effects. Key words: alkyl nitrite, toxicomania, poppers, methemoglobinemia, maculopathy, forensic expertise, research, chemical analysis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document