Barium hydroxide as catalyst in organic reactions. 17. Interfacial solid-liquid Wittig-Horner reaction under sonochemical conditions

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (17) ◽  
pp. 3875-3879 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Sinisterra ◽  
A. Fuentes ◽  
J. M. Marinas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Barium Hydroxide ◽  
Solid Liquid

Ba(OH)2 as the catalyst in organic reactions. Part XIV. Mechanism of Claisen–Schmidt condensation in solid–liquid conditions

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1165-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aguilera ◽  
A. R. Alcantara ◽  
J. M. Marinas ◽  
J. V. Sinisterra
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Barium Hydroxide ◽  
Liquid Reaction ◽  
Solid Liquid

The mechanism of the Claisen–Schmidt condensation, catalyzed by a series of activated barium hydroxide catalysts, is discussed. Two kinds of ketones are studied: R—CO—CH3 (R = Me, Et, Pri, But) and acetophenone (R = Ph). The influence of the chemical and textural properties of the catalysts, as well as the nature of the solvent, are studied. The process is an interfacial solid–liquid reaction between the adsorbed carbanion and the benzaldehyde. The different structures of the adsorbed carbanion produced from Ph—CO—CH3 and R—CO—CH3 are analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, and could explain the different reactivities observed in the process. The kinetic runs are discussed.

Barium Hydroxide as Catalyst in Organic Reactions; V. Application in the Horner Reaction under Solid-Liquid Phase-Transfer Conditions

Synthesis ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (12) ◽  
pp. 1097-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Sinisterra ◽  
Z. Mouloungui ◽  
M. Delmas ◽  
A. Gaset
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Barium Hydroxide ◽  
Solid Liquid

Atom-probe analysis of the solid-liquid interface

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 676-677
Author(s):  
J.A. Panitz
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Solid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Chemically Selective

The first few atomic layers of a solid can form a barrier between its interior and an often hostile environment. Although adsorption at the vacuum-solid interface has been studied in great detail, little is known about adsorption at the liquid-solid interface. Adsorption at a liquid-solid interface is of intrinsic interest, and is of technological importance because it provides a way to coat a surface with monolayer or multilayer structures. A pinhole free monolayer (with a reasonable dielectric constant) could lead to the development of nanoscale capacitors with unique characteristics and lithographic resists that surpass the resolution of their conventional counterparts. Chemically selective adsorption is of particular interest because it can be used to passivate a surface from external modification or change the wear and the lubrication properties of a surface to reflect new and useful properties. Immunochemical adsorption could be used to fabricate novel molecular electronic devices or to construct small, “smart”, unobtrusive sensors with the potential to detect a wide variety of preselected species at the molecular level. These might include a particular carcinogen in the environment, a specific type of explosive, a chemical agent, a virus, or even a tumor in the human body.

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