Cell-Based Medicinal Chemistry Optimization of High-Throughput Screening (HTS) Hits for Orally Active Antimalarials. Part 1: Challenges in Potency and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion/Pharmacokinetics (ADME/PK)

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (20) ◽  
pp. 7741-7749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab K. Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Orally Active

scholarly journals Stability of Screening Compounds in Wet DMSO

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 999-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Engeloch ◽  
Ulrich Schopfer ◽  
Ingo Muckenschnabel ◽  
Francois Le Goff ◽  
Hervé Mees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Analytical Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
The Impact

The impact of storage conditions on compound stability and compound solubility has been debated intensely over the past 5 years. At Novartis, the authors decided to opt for a storage concept that can be considered controversial because they are using a DMSO/water (90/10) mixture as standard solvent. To assess the effect of water in DMSO stocks on compound stability, the authors monitored the purity of a subset of 1404 compounds from ongoing medicinal chemistry projects over several months. The study demonstrated that 85% of the compounds were stable in wet DMSO over a 2-year period at 4 °C. This result validates the storage concept developed at Novartis as a pragmatic approach that takes advantage of the benefits of DMSO/water mixtures while mediating the disadvantages. In addition, the authors describe how purity data collected over the course of the chemical validation of high-throughput screening actives are used to improve the analytical quality of the Novartis screening deck. ( Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2008:999-1006)

PAINS: Relevance to Tool Compound Discovery and Fragment-Based Screening

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Baell ◽  
Lori Ferrins ◽  
Hendrik Falk ◽  
George Nikolakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Great Caution ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Very High ◽  
Assay Interference

Pan assay interference compounds (PAINS) are readily discovered in any bioassay and can appear to give selective and optimisable hits. The most common PAINS can be readily recognised by their structure. However, there are compounds that closely resemble PAINS that are not specifically recognised by the PAINS filters. In addition, highly reactive compounds are not encoded for in the PAINS filters because they were excluded from the high-throughput screening (HTS) library used to develop the filters and so were never present to provide indicting data. A compounding complication in the area is that very occasionally a PAINS compound may serve as a viable starting point for progression. Despite such an occasional example, the literature is littered with an overwhelming number of examples of compounds that fail to progress and were probably not optimisable in the first place, nor useful tool compounds. Thus it is with great caution and diligence that compounds possessing a known PAINS core should be progressed through to medicinal chemistry optimisation, if at all, as the chances are very high that the hits will be found to be non-progressable, often after a significant waste of resources.

SuFEx-Enabled High-Throughput Medicinal Chemistry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Kitamura ◽  
Qinheng Zheng ◽  
Jordan L. Woehl ◽  
angelo solan ◽  
Emily Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Click Chemistry ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Cysteine Protease ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Biological Probes ◽  
Small Molecule Probes

<p>Optimization of small-molecule probes or drugs is a lengthy, challenging and resource-intensive process. Lack of automation and reliance on skilled medicinal chemists is cumbersome in both academic and industrial settings. Here, we demonstrate a high-throughput hit-to-lead process based on the biocompatible SuFEx click chemistry. A modest high-throughput screening hit against a bacterial cysteine protease SpeB was modified with a SuFExable iminosulfur oxydifluoride [RN=S(O)F2] motif, rapidly diversified into 460 analogs in overnight reactions, and the products directly screened to yield drug-like inhibitors with 300-fold higher potency. We showed that the improved molecule is drug-like and biologically active in a bacteria-host coculture. Since these reactions can be performed on a picomole scale to conserve reagents, we anticipate our methodology can accelerate the development of robust biological probes and drug candidates.</p>

scholarly journals Discovery of a Novel General Anesthetic Chemotype Using High-throughput Screening

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. McKinstry-Wu ◽  
Weiming Bu ◽  
Ganesha Rai ◽  
Wendy A. Lea ◽  
Brian P. Weiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isothermal Titration Calorimetry ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Titration Calorimetry ◽  
Anesthetic Activity ◽  
High Throughput Screen ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Anesthetic Potency

Abstract Background: The development of novel anesthetics has historically been a process of combined serendipity and empiricism, with most recent new anesthetics developed via modification of existing anesthetic structures. Methods: Using a novel high-throughput screen employing the fluorescent anesthetic 1-aminoanthracene and apoferritin as a surrogate for on-pathway anesthetic protein target(s), we screened a 350,000 compound library for competition with 1-aminoanthracene–apoferritin binding. Hit compounds meeting structural criteria had their binding affinities for apoferritin quantified with isothermal titration calorimetry and were tested for γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor binding using a flunitrazepam binding assay. Chemotypes with a strong presence in the top 700 and exhibiting activity via isothermal titration calorimetry were selected for medicinal chemistry optimization including testing for anesthetic potency and toxicity in an in vivo Xenopus laevis tadpole assay. Compounds with low toxicity and high potency were tested for anesthetic potency in mice. Results: From an initial chemical library of more than 350,000 compounds, we identified 2,600 compounds that potently inhibited 1-aminoanthracene binding to apoferritin. A subset of compounds chosen by structural criteria (700) was successfully reconfirmed using the initial assay. Based on a strong presence in both the initial and secondary screens the 6-phenylpyridazin-3(2H)-one chemotype was assessed for anesthetic activity in tadpoles. Medicinal chemistry efforts identified four compounds with high potency and low toxicity in tadpoles, two were found to be effective novel anesthetics in mice. Conclusion: The authors demonstrate the first use of a high-throughput screen to successfully identify a novel anesthetic chemotype and show mammalian anesthetic activity for members of that chemotype.

SuFEx-Enabled High-Throughput Medicinal Chemistry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Kitamura ◽  
Qinheng Zheng ◽  
Jordan L. Woehl ◽  
angelo solan ◽  
Emily Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Click Chemistry ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Cysteine Protease ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Biological Probes ◽  
Small Molecule Probes

<p>Optimization of small-molecule probes or drugs is a lengthy, challenging and resource-intensive process. Lack of automation and reliance on skilled medicinal chemists is cumbersome in both academic and industrial settings. Here, we demonstrate a high-throughput hit-to-lead process based on the biocompatible SuFEx click chemistry. A modest high-throughput screening hit against a bacterial cysteine protease SpeB was modified with a SuFExable iminosulfur oxydifluoride [RN=S(O)F2] motif, rapidly diversified into 460 analogs in overnight reactions, and the products directly screened to yield drug-like inhibitors with 300-fold higher potency. We showed that the improved molecule is drug-like and biologically active in a bacteria-host coculture. Since these reactions can be performed on a picomole scale to conserve reagents, we anticipate our methodology can accelerate the development of robust biological probes and drug candidates.</p>

scholarly journals Medicinal Chemistry Optimization of Antiplasmodial Imidazopyridazine Hits from High Throughput Screening of a SoftFocus Kinase Library: Part 1

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 2789-2798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Le Manach ◽  
Diego Gonzàlez Cabrera ◽  
Frederic Douelle ◽  
Aloysius T. Nchinda ◽  
Yassir Younis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry

scholarly journals Medicinal Chemistry Optimization of Antiplasmodial Imidazopyridazine Hits from High Throughput Screening of a SoftFocus Kinase Library: Part 2

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (21) ◽  
pp. 8839-8848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Le Manach ◽  
Tanya Paquet ◽  
Diego Gonzàlez Cabrera ◽  
Yassir Younis ◽  
Dale Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document