Effect of Synthetic Peptides Belonging to E2 Envelope Protein of GB Virus C on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (16) ◽  
pp. 6054-6063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Herrera ◽  
Solveig Tenckhoff ◽  
María J. Gómara ◽  
Ramona Galatola ◽  
María J. Bleda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Envelope Protein ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus C

scholarly journals Beneficial Effect of GB Virus C Co-Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Individuals

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Hattori ◽  
Naoya Okumura ◽  
Yumiko Yamazaki ◽  
Masataka Uchiyama ◽  
Motohiro Hamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus C

scholarly journals Coreceptor Tropism Can Be Influenced by Amino Acid Substitutions in the gp41 Transmembrane Subunit of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Protein

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 5584-5593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Huang ◽  
Jonathan Toma ◽  
Signe Fransen ◽  
Eric Stawiski ◽  
Jacqueline D. Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Envelope Protein ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Coreceptor Tropism ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT Many studies have demonstrated that the third variable region (V3) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope protein (Env) is a major determinant of coreceptor tropism. Other regions in the surface gp120 subunit of Env can modulate coreceptor tropism in a manner that is not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the effect of env determinants outside of V3 on coreceptor usage through the analysis of (i) patient-derived env clones that differ in coreceptor tropism, (ii) chimeric env sequences, and (iii) site-directed mutants. The introduction of distinct V3 sequences from CXCR4-using clones into an R5-tropic env backbone conferred the inefficient use of CXCR4 in some but not all cases. Conversely, in many cases, X4- and dual-tropic env backbones containing the V3 sequences of R5-tropic clones retained the ability to use CXCR4, suggesting that sequences outside of the V3 regions of these CXCR4-using clones were responsible for CXCR4 use. The determinants of CXCR4 use in a set of dual-tropic env sequences with V3 sequences identical to those of R5-tropic clones mapped to the gp41 transmembrane (TM) subunit. In one case, a single-amino-acid substitution in the fusion peptide of TM was able to confer CXCR4 use; however, TM substitutions associated with CXCR4 use varied among different env sequences. These results demonstrate that sequences in TM can modulate coreceptor specificity and that env sequences other than that of V3 may facilitate efficient CXCR4-mediated entry. We hypothesize that the latter plays an important role in the transition from CCR5 to CXCR4 coreceptor use.

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