.beta.-Lactam antibiotics with N-oxide side chains. 1. Quinoxaline N-oxides

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Edwards ◽  
R. E. Bambury ◽  
H. W. Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Side Chains ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics

Beta-Lactam Hypersensitivity and Cross-Reactivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne T. Terico ◽  
Jason C. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Drug Classes

Penicillin is the most frequently reported cause of drug allergy, and cross-reactivity of penicillins with other beta-lactam antibiotics is an area of debate. This review evaluates the available data on immunoglobulin E-mediated penicillin hypersensitivity and cross-reactivity with cephalosporin, carbapenem, and monobactam antibiotics. A MEDLINE search was conducted from 1950 to October 2013, and selected references from review articles were also evaluated. There is a wide variety in reported incidences of cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins or carbapenems, with early retrospective studies suggesting up to 41.7% and 47.4% cross-reactivity, respectively. Conversely, the use of monobactam antibiotics is frequently employed in the case of a penicillin allergy, as prescribers believe that there is no cross-reactivity between the 2 drug classes. More recent prospective studies suggest that the rates of cross-reactivity with cephalosporins and carbapenems are <5% and <1%, respectively. Similarities in penicillin and cephalosporin side chains may play a role in cross-reactivity between these classes. Cross-reactivity with monobactams is essentially negligible; however, there are some clinical data to support an interaction between ceftazidime and aztreonam, due to the similarity of their side chains. The data reviewed suggest that avoidance of other beta-lactams in patients with type 1 hypersensitivity to penicillins should be reconsidered.

2-Substituted Penems with Amino Acid-Related Side Chains: Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of a New Series of .beta.-Lactam Antibiotics

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (21) ◽  
pp. 4244-4256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Altamura ◽  
Enzo Perrotta ◽  
Piero Sbraci ◽  
Vittorio Pestellini ◽  
Federico Arcamone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics
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