scholarly journals Topical Toxicity of Tomato Sesqui-terpenes to the Beet Armyworm and the Role of These Compounds in Resistance Derived from an Accession ofLycoperiscon hirsutumf.typicum

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 2062-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Eigenbrode ◽  
J. T. Trumble ◽  
J. G. Millar ◽  
K. White
Keyword(s):  
Beet Armyworm

scholarly journals Management of the Beet Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Cotton: Role of Natural Enemies

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 440 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Ruberson ◽  
Gary A. Herzog ◽  
William R. Lambert ◽  
W. Joe Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Hetero-oligomerization of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A proteins enhance binding to the ABCC2 transporter of Spodoptera exigua

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Pinos ◽  
Noelia Joya ◽  
Salvador Herrero ◽  
Juan Ferré ◽  
Patricia Hernández Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Oligomeric State ◽  
Bt Crops ◽  
Domain I

The ABC transporters are membrane proteins that can act as putative receptors for Cry proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in the midgut of different insects. For the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, ABCC2 and ABCC3 have been found to interact with Cry1A proteins, the main insecticidal proteins used in Bt-crops, as well as Bt-based pesticides. The ABCC2 has shown to have specific binding towards Cry1Ac and is involved in the toxic process of Cry1A proteins, but the role of this transporter and how it relates with the Cry1A proteins is still unknown. Here, we have characterized the interactions between the SeABCC2 and the main proteins that bind to the receptor. By labelling the Cry1Aa protein, we have found that virtually all of the binding is in an oligomeric state, a conformation that allowed higher levels of specific binding that could not be achieved by the monomeric protein on its own. Furthermore, we have observed that Cry1A proteins can hetero-oligomerize in the presence of the transporter, which is reflected in an increase in binding and toxicity to SeABCC2-expressing cells. This synergism can be one of the reasons why B. thuringiensis co-expresses different Cry1 proteins that can apparently have similar binding preferences. The results from in vitro competition and ex vivo competition showed that Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac share functional binding sites. By using Cry1Ab-Cry1Ac chimeras, the presence of domain I from Cry1A proteins was revealed to be critical for oligomer formation.

scholarly journals ER bodies are induced by Pseudomonas syringae and negatively regulate immunity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Rufian ◽  
James Elmore ◽  
Eduardo R Bejarano ◽  
Carmen R. Beuzón ◽  
Gitta Coaker
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Bacterial Toxin ◽  
Main Components ◽  
New Evidence

ER bodies are endoplasmic reticulum-derived organelles present in plants belonging to the Brassicales order. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ER bodies are ubiquitous in cotyledons and roots, and present only in certain cell types in rosette leaves. However, both wounding and jasmonic acid treatment induce the formation of ER bodies in leaves. Formation of this structure is dependent on the transcription factor NAI1. The main components of the ER bodies are β-glucosidases (BGLUs), enzymes that hydrolyze specialized compounds. In Arabidopsis, PYK10 (BGLU23) and BGLU18 are the most abundant ER body proteins. In this work, we found that ER bodies are downregulated as a consequence of the immune responses induced by bacterial flagellin perception. Arabidopsis mutants defective in ER body formation show enhanced responses upon flagellin perception and enhanced resistance to bacterial infections. Furthermore, the bacterial toxin coronatine induces the formation of de novo ER bodies in leaves and its virulence function is partially dependent on this structure. Finally, we show that performance of the polyphagous beet armyworm herbivore, Spodoptera exigua, increases in plants lacking ER bodies. Altogether, we provide new evidence for the role of the ER bodies in plant immune responses.

scholarly journals Terpenoids from Weedy Ricefield Flatsedge (Cyperus iria L.) Are Developmentally Regulated and Stress-Induced, and have Antifungal Properties

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Jiang ◽  
Bonnie Ownley ◽  
Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Spatial Specificity

Ricefield flatsedge (Cyperus iria L.), a troublesome weed in rice production, actively adapts to ecological niches. In this study, terpenoids were identified as the dominant compounds from organic extracts of C. iria leaves. To understand the role of terpenoid production in plant development and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, the dynamics of terpenoid production at different developmental stages, and the regulation of these compounds by stresses were determined. Terpenoid production exhibited temporal and spatial specificity. During vegetative growth, the total concentration of sesquiterpenoids increased and reached a maximum at 70 d after germination, and then decreased until the emergence of inflorescence. Monoterpenoids were only detected from leaves 90 d after germination. During reproductive growth, the total concentration of sesquiterpenoids increased dramatically and mainly accumulated in inflorescences, indicating that the sesquiterpenoids were primarily produced in newly formed and actively growing tissues. The total amount of monoterpenoids, mostly accumulated in flowers, increased until 130 d after germination. Furthermore, accumulation of sesquiterpenoids in leaves was promoted significantly by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and drought treatment. Infestation by beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua, BAW) promoted the emission of total sesquiterpenoids significantly and induced the production of more monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids specifically. Furthermore, volatiles from C. iria leaves had an anti-fungal effect on Fusarium graminearum. The implications of our findings on the biosynthetic pathways leading to the production of sesquiterpenoids in C. iria as well as their potential as fungicides are discussed.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management
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