scholarly journals Solar UV−B Radiation Influences Carotenoid Accumulation of Tomato Fruit through Both Ethylene-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (22) ◽  
pp. 10979-10989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Becatti ◽  
Katia Petroni ◽  
Deborah Giuntini ◽  
Antonella Castagna ◽  
Valentina Calvenzani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Solar Uv

scholarly journals Interference with Clp protease impairs carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit ripening

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1557-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio D’Andrea ◽  
Miguel Simon-Moya ◽  
Briardo Llorente ◽  
Ernesto Llamas ◽  
Mónica Marro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Clp Protease ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening

Improvement of Carotenoid Accumulation in Tomato Fruit

2017 ◽  
pp. 309-338
Author(s):  
Lihong Liu ◽  
Zhiyong Shao ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Tianyu Liu ◽  
Haoran Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation

scholarly journals Re-evaluation of the nor mutation and the role of the NAC-NOR transcription factor in tomato fruit ripening

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 3560-3574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Gao ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Zhongqi Fan ◽  
Xiaodan Zhao ◽  
Yiping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Pectate Lyase ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Fruit Softening ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Acid Protein ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening

Abstract The tomato non-ripening (nor) mutant generates a truncated 186-amino-acid protein (NOR186) and has been demonstrated previously to be a gain-of-function mutant. Here, we provide more evidence to support this view and answer the open question of whether the NAC-NOR gene is important in fruit ripening. Overexpression of NAC-NOR in the nor mutant did not restore the full ripening phenotype. Further analysis showed that the truncated NOR186 protein is located in the nucleus and binds to but does not activate the promoters of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase2 (SlACS2), geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase2 (SlGgpps2), and pectate lyase (SlPL), which are involved in ethylene biosynthesis, carotenoid accumulation, and fruit softening, respectively. The activation of the promoters by the wild-type NOR protein can be inhibited by the mutant NOR186 protein. On the other hand, ethylene synthesis, carotenoid accumulation, and fruit softening were significantly inhibited in CR-NOR (CRISPR/Cas9-edited NAC-NOR) fruit compared with the wild-type, but much less severely affected than in the nor mutant, while they were accelerated in OE-NOR (overexpressed NAC-NOR) fruit. These data further indicated that nor is a gain-of-function mutation and NAC-NOR plays a significant role in ripening of wild-type fruit.

scholarly journals Phytochrome Regulation of Carotenoid Biosynthesis during Ripening of Tomato Fruit

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 846E-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Schofield* ◽  
Gopinadhan Paliyath
Keyword(s):  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Total Darkness ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Potential Applications

The accumulation of carotenoids such as lycopene and beta-carotene greatly influences the quality of ripe tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit because cellular levels of these compounds determine the intensity of red color. As well, lycopene has anti-cancer properties and beta-carotene is a Vitamin A precursor. Recent work has demonstrated phytochrome regulation of the carotenoid pathway but the mechanism is not completely understood. This work investigates phytochrome regulation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and phytoene synthase (PSY), two key enzymes of carotenogenesis. A simple procedure for the assay of PSY from crude pericarp extracts was developed and mRNA levels of DXS and PSY1 genes were measured by relative RT-PCR. Discs from mature green tomatoes were ripened in total darkness, or in darkness interrupted by brief daily treatments of red light, or red light followed by far red light. After ten days of incubation, lycopene levels of red light-treated discs had reached ≈12 mg/100 g fresh weight; nearly a 50% increase over discs ripened in total darkness. This increase was not observed in discs treated with red light followed by far red light, demonstrating the red/far red reversibility (and thus phytochrome control) of carotenoid accumulation. Similar patterns of phytochrome control are observed for PSY activity but not for DXS and PSY1 transcript levels, suggesting the mechanism of control may be at the level of post-translational modification of PSY. Potential applications of this regulation of carotenoid accumulation will be discussed.

scholarly journals Regulation of fruit ripening by the brassinosteroid biosynthetic gene SlCYP90B3 via an ethylene-dependent pathway in tomato

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songshen Hu ◽  
Lihong Liu ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Zhiyong Shao ◽  
Fanliang Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening ◽  
Transgenic Lines

Abstract The essential role of ethylene in fruit ripening has been thoroughly studied. However, the involvement of brassinosteroids (BRs) in the regulation of fruit ripening and their relationship with the ethylene pathway are poorly understood. In the current study, we found that BRs were actively synthesized during tomato fruit ripening. We then generated transgenic lines overexpressing or silencing SlCYP90B3, which encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of BR synthesis. The expression level of SlCYP90B3 was positively related to the contents of bioactive BRs as well as the ripening process in tomato fruit, including enhanced softening and increased soluble sugar and flavor volatile contents. Both carotenoid accumulation and ethylene production were strongly correlated with the expression level of SlCYP90B3, corroborated by the altered expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes as well as ethylene pathway genes in transgenic tomato fruits. However, the application of the ethylene perception inhibitor 1-methycyclopropene (1-MCP) abolished the promotion effect of SlCYP90B3 overexpression on carotenoid accumulation. Taken together, these results increase our understanding of the involvement of SlCYP90B3 in bioactive BR biosynthesis as well as fruit ripening in tomato, thus making SlCYP90B3 a target gene for improvement of visual, nutritional and flavor qualities of tomato fruits with no yield penalty.

scholarly journals Carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit ripening is modulated by the auxin-ethylene balance

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyan Su ◽  
Gianfranco Diretto ◽  
Eduardo Purgatto ◽  
Saïda Danoun ◽  
Mohamed Zouine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening

Bioinformatic and molecular analysis of hydroxymethylbutenyl diphosphate synthase (GCPE) gene expression during carotenoid accumulation in ripening tomato fruit

Planta ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Rodr�guez-Concepci�n ◽  
Jordi Querol ◽  
Luisa Mar�a Lois ◽  
Santiago Imperial ◽  
Albert Boronat
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation

Function of the polygalacturonase convertor in ripening tomato fruit

1991 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Knegt ◽  
Evert Vermeer ◽  
Caroline Pak ◽  
Johan Bruinsma
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Fruit
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