Three-Year Comparison of the Polyphenol Contents and Antioxidant Capacities in Organically and Conventionally Produced Apples (Malus domestica Bork. Cultivar `Golden Delicious')

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 4598-4605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berenike A. Stracke ◽  
Corinna E. Rüfer ◽  
Franco P. Weibel ◽  
Achim Bub ◽  
Bernhard Watzl
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Golden Delicious

Effect of soil compost application on the dry matter and Ca contents of the leaves in an organic apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-328
Author(s):  
Anita Szabó ◽  
Ádám Csihon ◽  
Andrea Balla-Kovács ◽  
István Gonda ◽  
Imre Vágó
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Compost Application

Ökológiai termesztésű almaültetvényben eltérő komposztadagok (0, 10, 25 és 50 kg N·ha−1) hatását vizsgáltuk a talaj tápelemtartalmának változására (0–30 és 30–60 cm-es mélységben). Mértük az egyes almafajták (Golden Delicious és Pinova) levelének szárazanyag- és Ca-tartalmát, továbbá vizsgáltuk e paraméterek alakulásának egymáshoz való viszonyát.A szabadföldi kísérletet a Debreceni Egyetem Kertészettudományi Intézetének Pallagi Kísérleti Telepén, a talaj- és növényminták analízisét az Agrokémiai és Talajtani Intézet laboratóriumaiban végeztük.A 2011. és 2012. évi eredményeket összevetve lényeges csökkenés mutatkozott a talaj AL-oldható P-tartalmában. Az évek múlásával jelentősen nőtt azonban a talajban a nitrát-, ammónia-, szerves-N és CaCl2-Mg tartalom a kijuttatott komposztadagok hatására. Az AL-K, -Ca, -Mg, a CaCl2-P, -K mennyisége és a pH közel azonosnak mondható.Az első kísérleti évben (2010-ben) még nem volt hatása a komposztnak. 2011-ben már észleltünk hatást, de a fagykár miatt nem volt termés a fákon. 2012-ben a nagy termésterhelés mellett is növekedést tapasztaltunk a szárazanyag-tartalom alakulásában mind a Golden Delicious, mind a Pinova fajták esetében. Adott kezeléseken belül az eltérő termésmennyiségekkel, továbbá az évjárattal összefüggő tendenciákat fedeztünk fel. A rendkívül csapadékos évben (2010) alacsony, míg az aszályos évben (2012) nagy szárazanyag-tartalom értékeket mértünk a levélben. A Golden Delicious és a Pinova esetében kapott tendencia fajtától, kezelés- és termesztés-technológiától függetlenül hasonló.A komposzt hatására 2010-ben a Golden Delicious leveleiben kismértékű, a Pinova leveleiben szignifikáns Ca-tartalombeli növekedést mértünk. Az évjárat hatásáról elmondható, hogy csapadékos évben a szakirodalmi adatoknál magasabb, míg száraz, terméshiányos évben alacsonyabb Ca-tartalommal számolhattunk. Bár a Ca-szintek alakulása tendenciájában megegyezett a két almafajta esetében, mégis megállapítható, hogy a Pinova leveleinek elemtartalma nagyobb volt, mint a Golden Delicious fáké.A levelek szárazanyag-tartalma és Ca-tartalma között fordított arányosságot bizonyítottunk.

scholarly journals Botrytis cinerea Decay in Apples Is Inhibited by Postharvest Heat and Calcium Treatments

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Klein ◽  
William S. Conway ◽  
Bruce D. Whitaker ◽  
Carl E. Sams
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Heat Regime ◽  
Golden Delicious

`Golden Delicious' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) were treated after harvest with heat (air at 38 °C for 4 days or 42 °C for 1 day) or 2% CaCl2 (w/v; applied as a dip or pressure-infiltrated) or a combination of the two and stored at 0 °C for ≤6 months. Decay caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr. after inoculation to a depth of 2 mm with a conidial suspension virtually was eliminated in stored fruit heated at 38 °C, regardless of Ca treatment. Apples punctured to a depth of 0.5 mm (but not 2 mm) and inoculated with B. cinerea on removal from storage were almost completely protected from poststorage decay if they had previously been pressure-infiltrated with 2% CaCl2, regardless of the heat regime. Heating fruit at 42 °C and dipping in 2% CaCl2 were only partially effective in preventing decay from either pre- or poststorage inoculations. Fruit firmness was not related to resistance to decay.

scholarly journals Cinnamate‐CoA ligase is involved in biosynthesis of benzoate‐derived biphenyl phytoalexin in Malus  ×  domestica ‘Golden Delicious’ cell cultures

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1176-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Teotia ◽  
Mariam Gaid ◽  
Shashank S. Saini ◽  
Aparna Verma ◽  
Ragothaman M. Yennamalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Coa Ligase ◽  
Golden Delicious

One-step reconstruction of multi-generation pedigree networks in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) and the parentage of Golden Delicious

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Salvi ◽  
Diego Micheletti ◽  
Pierluigi Magnago ◽  
Marco Fontanari ◽  
Roberto Viola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals Postharvest Infiltration of Polyamines and Calcium Influences Ethylene Production and Texture Changes in `Golden Delicious' Apples

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien Yi Wang ◽  
William S. Conway ◽  
Judith A. Abbott ◽  
George F. Kramer ◽  
Carl E. Sams
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Golden Delicious

Prestorage infiltration of `Golden Delicious' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) with calcium (Ca) retarded texture changes during storage at 0C and inhibited ethylene production of the fruit at 20C. Infiltration of the fruit with the polyamines (PA) putrescine (PUT) or spermidine (SPD) also altered texture changes, but did not inhibit ethylene production. When the fruit were treated with Ca first and then with PA, cell wall-hound Ca concentrations increased 4-fold, but PA levels in the cell wall increased only slightly. When the fruit were treated with PA first and then with Ca, PA levels in the cell wall increased 3-fold, but Ca concentration increased only 2-fold. These results indicate that Ca and PA may he competing for the same binding sites in the cell wall and that the improvement of fruit quality during storage by these cations could involve strengthening of the cell wall.

scholarly journals GROWTH AND FRUIT PRODUCTION OF YOUNG MICROPROPAGATED APPLE (MALUS DOMESTICA BORKH.) TREES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 637f-637
Author(s):  
Fenton E. Larsen ◽  
Stewart S. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cumulative Yield ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Westerly Winds ◽  
Golden Delicious

Tree size, cumulative yield, yield efficiency and anchorage of 6 micropropagated (MP) apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars were determined in 1991 after 5 years of production, as compared with trees on seedling (sdlg) or M 7a roots. Trees were planted in 1984, with crops harvested from 1987 through 1991. Trees were generally smallest (trunk cross-sectional area) on M 7a and were largest with 4 cultivars (`Delicious', `Jonathan', `Rome', `Spartan') when micropropagated. `Golden Delicious' (GD) was largest on sdlg. Cumulative yield was affected by a scion × rootstock interaction, with few trends in scion or rootstock effects. Mean cumulative yield was 84 kg tree-1, 71 and 58 for M 7a, MP and sdlg, respectively. Yield efficiency was also affected by a scion × rootstock interaction. In 1991, mean yield efficiency was 0.5 kg cm-2 for sdlg and MP trees, but was 1.05 for M 7a. Efficiency on M 7a was superior to other rootstocks with all scions except `GD', while sdlg and MP trees were statistically similar with all scions. All trees leaned in response to prevailing westerly winds, with trees on sdlg tending to be more upright than MP or M 7a trees.

scholarly journals Harvesting Semidwarf Freestanding Apple Trees with an Over-the-row Mechanical Harvester

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 1114-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Peterson ◽  
S.S. Miller ◽  
J.D. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Market Quality ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Cumulative Yield ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Harvesting Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Harvester

Three years of mechanical harvesting (shake and catch) trials with two freestanding apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars on a semidwarf rootstock (M.7a) and two training systems (central leader and open center) yielded 64% to 77% overall harvesting efficiency. Mechanically harvested `Bisbee Delicious' apples averaged 70% Extra Fancy and 10% Fancy grade, while two `Golden Delicious' strains (`Smoothee' and `Frazier Goldspur') averaged 40% Extra Fancy and 13% Fancy grade fruit. Mechanically harvesting fresh-market-quality apples from semidwarf freestanding trees was difficult and its potential limited. Cumulative yield of open-center trees was less than that of central-leader trees during the 3 years (sixth through eighth leaf) of our study. `Golden Delicious' trees generally produced higher yields than `Delicious' trees.

scholarly journals Short communication. Effective pollination period in "RedChief" and "Golden Delicious" apples (Malus domestica Borkh)

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 928 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Guerrero Prieto ◽  
A. Rascón Chu ◽  
A. Romo Chacón ◽  
D.I. Berlanga Reyes ◽  
J.A. Orozco Avitia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Golden Delicious

scholarly journals Removal of the Most Developed Flowers Influences Fruit Set, Quality, and Yield of Apple Clusters

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Miranda ◽  
Luis G. Santesteban ◽  
José B. Royo
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Flower Density ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Made In

The apical or king (K) flower in the apple (Malus ×domestica L. Borkh.) cluster usually develops and blooms first and also has a greater sink potential. For this reason, resources are primarily used by the K fruit, and this is also one of the reasons why most thinning practices tend to favor K fruit set. However, it is not always possible to retain the K flower and remove the lateral ones. This study was undertaken to determine if the removal of the most developed flowers in the cluster influences yield or quality compared to that obtained in a whole cluster. The treatments were made in `Golden Delicious' and `Royal Gala' apple cultivars, within a wide range of flower densities for each cultivar. The factor tested was the intensity of flower removal (FRI); the treatments consisted in removing one, two, or three flowers in each cluster. Flower density was used as a covariate in an analysis of covariance to account for differences in flower densities in response to FRI treatments. In all experiments the covariate was not significant; therefore FRI effect was not affected by flower density. `Golden Delicious' and `Royal Gala' had similar responses to flower removal, so that when at least three flowers in a cluster remained, fruit set and cluster yield were similar to whole clusters. Only when two or fewer poorly developed flowers remained after FRI treatments, yield was reduced by as much as 25%. Fruit from FRI clusters were even heavier than those from whole clusters, due to reduced competition among the fruit, so that the growth potential of fruit from the first and second lateral flowers was similar to clusters with K fruit, in clusters where the K flower had been removed.

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