Effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the in vivo metabolism of acetone in adult rats

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Philleo ◽  
Sheng Chung. Fang
Keyword(s):  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
In Vivo Metabolism ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Influence of auxins on somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation in Leucojum aestivum callus

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Ptak ◽  
Anna Tahchy ◽  
Edyta Skrzypek ◽  
Tomasz Wójtowicz ◽  
Dominique Laurain-Mattar
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Leucojum Aestivum ◽  
Anisic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Embryogenic Response

AbstractIn vitro cultures of Leucojum aestivum are considered as an alternative for the production of galanthamine, which is used for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. We studied the effects of auxins 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram), 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) at concentrations of 25 and 50 µM on the induction of embryogenic callus and its capacity to induce somatic embryogenesis and alkaloid accumulation. The embryogenic response of the explants was from 30% for 25 µM of dicamba to 100% for picloram (for both 25 and 50 µM). 2,4-D (50 µM) stimulated greater callus proliferation and somatic embryo induction as compared to the other auxins. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) stimulated somatic embryo maturation. Callus grown on media containing 50 µM of auxins produced fewer phenolic compounds as compared with callus grown on media containing 25 µM of auxins. GC-MS analyses showed seven alkaloids in the in vivo bulbs and two to four in callus culture. Galanthamine was detected in callus cultivated with 2,4-D (25, 50 µM), picloram (25 µM), and dicamba (50 µM). Other alkaloids, trisphaeridine, tazettine, and 11-hydroxyvittatine were accumulated only in callus growing on medium with picloram (50 µM).

In vivo metabolism of fluorescent ceramide in central nervous system myelin of adult rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Di Biase ◽  
Livio Argiolas ◽  
Annamaria Confaloni ◽  
Serafina Salvati
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
In Vivo Metabolism ◽  
Adult Rats

In vivo micronucleus assays on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its derivatives

1999 ◽  
Vol 444 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M Charles ◽  
Helen C Cunny ◽  
Ronald D Wilson ◽  
James L Ivett ◽  
Hema Murli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

In vivo and in vitro instability of B chromosomes in palmarosa grass (Cymbopogon martinii var. motia)

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 966-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Sreenath ◽  
K. S. Jagadishchandra
Keyword(s):  
Germ Line ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Metaphase Plate ◽  
B Chromosome ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Cymbopogon Martinii ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Meiotic and mitotic instability and elimination of B chromosomes was observed in diploid palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii var. motia) with 2n = 20 + 1–2 B under in vivo and in vitro conditions. Under in vivo conditions B chromosomes were totally absent from the roots but preferentially transmitted in the germ line tissues. When present as a pair, the B chromosomes formed bivalents showing almost regular orientation, congression, and disjunction. When present singly, the B chromosome formed a univalent and did not pair with any of the A chromosomes and showed nonalignment on the metaphase plate during metaphase I. Immature inflorescences of a race of palmarosa with 2n = 20 + 2 B were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing 1 mg/L of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to produce embryogenic callus. The cytological analysis of the callus revealed only 20 A chromosomes in nearly all the cells, both the B chromosomes being eliminated. From this callus, plantlets without B chromosomes were regenerated on MS medium without growth regulators and established in the soil. The regenerated plants exhibited 20 A chromosomes with normal meiosis.Key words: Cymbopogon martinii, chromosome instability, palmarosa grass, B chromosomes, tissue culture, plant regeneration.

The In Vivo Metabolism of Tertiary Butanol by Adult Rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney C. Baker ◽  
Stephen M. Sorensen ◽  
Richard A. Deitrich
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Metabolism ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Tertiary Butanol

Genome plasticity during the acquisition of embryogenic competence

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Geri ◽  
Alessandra Turrini ◽  
Lucia Giorgetti ◽  
Elisa Nicoletti ◽  
Vittoria Nuti Ronchi
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Embryogenic Competence ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Slot Blot Analysis ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Hypocotyl explants from carrot and other species experience concomitant segregation events and differentiation of homeotic structures during the first 20 days of culture on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). In addition to these cyto-morphological changes, significant amounts of nuclear DNA are lost, the molecular details of which we investigate in this paper. We have developed a slot-blot analysis assay to study the DNA content of a series of carrot samples; besides the leaves, this survey ranged over different culture timepoints: hypocotyls, cell lines, and somatic embryo stages. We carried on to study the relationship between this DNA loss and sequence complexity modulation. Results from probing sequences that correspond to different degrees of complexity, such as medium repetitive and unique sequences as well as sequences belonging to both classes (ribosomal cistrons, ubiquitin, actin, and chalcone synthase), consistently manifested a reduction in DNA levels during the acquisition of embryogenic competence. In some cases, the cultured cells would contain only 10% of the gene copies observed in the reference tissues. Modulation trends also showed that DNA levels of most sequences recover at the torpedo-plantlet stage, which again correlates DNA modulation and the acquisition of embryogenic competence. These results suggest that similar DNA variations may occur in plants in vivo during meiosis, possibly so that meiotic division may be properly completed.Key words: Daucus carota L., DNA reduction, somatic embryogenesis, totipotency, commitment.

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