Swainsonine and Endophyte Relationships in Astragalus mollissimus and Astragalus lentiginosus

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1281-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cook ◽  
Dale R. Gardner ◽  
Daniel Grum ◽  
James A. Pfister ◽  
Michael H. Ralphs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Astragalus Lentiginosus

scholarly journals A suite of rare microbes interacts with a dominant, heritable, fungal endophyte to influence plant trait expression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua G. Harrison ◽  
Lyra P. Beltran ◽  
C. Alex Buerkle ◽  
Daniel Cook ◽  
Dale R. Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Plant Trait ◽  
Astragalus Lentiginosus ◽  
Plant Phenotype ◽  
Foliar Pathogen ◽  
System Functioning

AbstractEndophytes are microbes that live, for at least a portion of their life history, within plant tissues. Endophyte assemblages are often composed of a few abundant taxa and many infrequently-observed, low-biomass taxa that are, in a word, rare. The ways in which most endophytes affect host phenotype are unknown; however, certain dominant endophytes can influence plants in ecologically meaningful ways–including by affecting growth and immune system functioning. In contrast, the effects of rare endophytes on their hosts have been unexplored, including how rare endophytes might interact with abundant endophytes to shape plant phenotype. Here, we manipulate both the suite of rare foliar endophytes (including both fungi and bacteria) and Alternaria fulva–a vertically-transmitted and usually abundant fungus–within the fabaceous forb Astragalus lentiginosus. We report that rare, low-biomass endophytes affected host size and foliar %N, but only when the heritable fungal endophyte (A. fulva) was not present. A. fulva also reduced plant size and %N, but these deleterious effects on the host could be offset by a negative association we observed between this heritable fungus and a foliar pathogen. These results demonstrate how interactions among endophytic taxa determine the net effects on host plants and suggest that the myriad rare endophytes within plant leaves may be more than a collection of uninfluential, commensal organisms, but instead have meaningful ecological roles.

Clinical and pathological comparison of Astragalus lentiginosus and Ipomoea carnea poisoning in goats

Toxicon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisiane de Carvalho Nunes ◽  
Bryan L. Stegelmeier ◽  
Daniel Cook ◽  
James A. Pfister ◽  
Dale R. Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Carnea ◽  
Astragalus Lentiginosus

Effects of Elevated CO2 on the Swainsonine Chemotypes of Astragalus lentiginosus and Astragalus mollissimus

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cook ◽  
Dale R. Gardner ◽  
James A. Pfister ◽  
Clinton A. Stonecipher ◽  
Joseph G. Robins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Astragalus Lentiginosus

scholarly journals First Report of Ascochyta Blight of Spotted Locoweed (Astragalus lentiginosus) Caused by Ascochyta sp. in Idaho

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1446-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Habibi ◽  
T. L. Peever ◽  
W. Kim ◽  
M. I. Chilvers ◽  
W. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
First Report ◽  
Astragalus Lentiginosus

Swainsonine Toxicosis Mimics Lectin Histochemistry of Mannosidosis

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alroy ◽  
U. Orgad ◽  
A. A. Ucci ◽  
V. E. Gavris
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Germ Agglutinin ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Lectin Histochemistry ◽  
Dolichos Biflorus ◽  
Ulex Europaeus ◽  
Lectin Staining ◽  
Astragalus Lentiginosus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vacuoles ◽  
Ulex Europaeus Agglutinin I

Cells affected by locoweed (Astragalus lentiginosus) and Swainsona galegifolia toxicosis or mannosidosis exhibit similarities in their catabolism of N-linked glycoproteins and accumulation of cytoplasmic vacuoles. We used nine different biotinylated lectins as histochemical markers for specific sugars and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex as a visualant to study the cells affected with these conditions. Since locoweed and Swainsona spp block mannosidase activity, we expected a similar lectin staining pattern in cells under these conditions as that seen in mannosidosis. Concanavalia ensiformis agglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin and succinyl wheat germ agglutinin stained the undegraded glycoproteins and oligosaccharides stored in the lysosomes of affected cells in all three conditions. Bandeirea simplicifolia-I, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, peanut agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin-I, soybean agglutinin and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I did not stain any of these cells. These results indicate that in all three conditions there is an accumulation of undegraded oligosaccharides that contain α-mannosyl and β-N-acetyl glucosamine residues which are revealed by lectin staining in the vacuoles of all affected cells.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of three varieties of Astragalus lentiginosus (Fabaceae)

Brittonia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Knaus ◽  
Rich C. Cronn ◽  
Aaron Liston
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Astragalus Lentiginosus

Ovarian and Placental Lesions in Sheep from Ingesting Locoweed (Astragalus lentiginosus)

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent R. van Kampen ◽  
Lynn F. James
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Placental Barrier ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vacuolation ◽  
Astragalus Lentiginosus

Ingestion of 380 g per day of locoweed by pregnant ewes during day 40 to 72 of pregnancy results in vacuolation of the fetal membranes, specifically of the chorionic epithelium. These cells become hypertrophied and their cytoplasm severely vacuolated. It is postulated that this cytoplasmic vacuolation interferes with the transport of nutrients across the placental barrier. The vacuolating factor itself may, or may not, be associated with death of the conceptus and subsequent abortion. A contributing factor may be that luteal cells of the ovary are also extremely vacuolated in the ewes poisoned by locoweed and may not be producing sufficient progesterone to maintain pregnancy.

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