Chitosan Reduces Gluconeogenesis and Increases Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 5795-5800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shing-Hwa Liu ◽  
Yu-Han Chang ◽  
Meng-Tsan Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Diabetic Rats

Effect of exercise training on glucose homeostasis in normal and insulin-deficient diabetic rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 844-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Goodyear ◽  
M. F. Hirshman ◽  
S. M. Knutson ◽  
E. D. Horton ◽  
E. S. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

The effect of 8-wk of treadmill training on plasma glucose, insulin, and lipid concentrations, oral glucose tolerance, and glucose uptake in the perfused hindquarter of normal and streptozocin-treated, diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats was studied. Diabetic rats with initial plasma glucose concentrations of 200-450 mg/dl and control rats were divided into trained and sedentary subgroups. Training resulted in lower plasma free fatty acid concentrations and increased triceps muscle citrate synthase activity in both the control and diabetic rats; triglyceride concentrations were lowered by training only in the diabetic animals. Oral glucose tolerance and both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in hindquarter skeletal muscle were impaired in the diabetic rats, and plasma glucose concentrations (measured weekly) gradually increased during the experiment. Training did not improve the hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, or decreased skeletal muscle glucose uptake in the diabetic rats, nor did it alter these parameters in the normal control animals. In considering our results and those of previous studies in diabetic rats, we propose that exercise training may improve glucose homeostasis in animals with milder degrees of diabetes but fails to cause improvement in the more severely insulin-deficient, diabetic rat.

793 EFFECT OF TRAINING ON GLUCOSE UPTAKE AND TRANSPORTERS IN SKELETAL MUSCLE OF STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATS

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S142
Author(s):  
J. Komulainen ◽  
V. Vihko ◽  
H. G. Joost ◽  
V. Kovanen ◽  
H. Kainulainen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats

scholarly journals Glucose metabolism in perfused skeletal muscle. Interaction of insulin and exercise on glucose uptake

1975 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Berger ◽  
S Hagg ◽  
N B Ruderman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Intracellular Concentration ◽  
Increase Glucose Uptake ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Resting Muscle

1. The interaction of insulin and isometric exercise on glucose uptake by skeletal muscle was studied in the isolated perfused rat hindquarter. 2. Insulin, 10 m-i.u./ml, added to the perfusate, increased glucose uptake more than 10-fold, from 0.3-0.5 to 5.2-5.4 μmol/min per 30g of muscle in hindquarters of fed and 48h-starved rats respectively. In contrast, it did not stimulate glucose uptake in hindquarters from rats in diabetic ketoacidosis. 3. In the absence of added insulin, isometric exercise, induced by sciatic-nerve stimulation, increased glucose uptake to 4 and 3.4 μmol/min per 30g of muscle in fed and starved rats respectively. It had a similar effect in rats with moderately severe diabetes, but it did not increase glucose uptake in rats with diabetic ketoacidosis or in hindquarters of fed rats that had been “washed out” with an insulin-free perfusate. Insulin, at concentrations which did not stimulate glucose uptake in resting muscle, restored the stimulatory effect of exercise in these situations. 4. The stimulation of glucose uptake by exercise was independent of blood flow and the degree of tissue hypoxia; also it could not be reproduced by perfusing resting muscle with a medium previously used in an exercise experiment. 5. At rest glucose was not detectable in muscle cell water of fed and starved rats even when perfused with insulin. In the presence of insulin, a small accumulation of glucose, 0.25 mM, was noted in the muscle of ketoacidotic diabetic rats, suggesting inhibition of glucose phosphorylation, as well as of transport. 6. During exercise, the calculated intracellular concentration of glucose in the contracting muscle increased to 1.1-1.6mM in the fed, starved and moderately diabetic groups. Insulin significantly increased the already high rates of glucose uptake by the hindquarters of these animals but it did not alter the elevated intracellular concentration of glucose. 7. In severely diabetic rats, exercise did not cause glucose to accumulate in the cell in the absence of insulin. In the presence of insulin, it increased glucose uptake to 6.1 μmol/min per 30g of muscle and intracellular glucose to 0.72 mM. 8. The data indicate that the stimulatory effect of exercise on glucose uptake requires the presence of insulin. They suggest that in the absence of insulin, glucose uptake is not enhanced by exercise owing to inhibition of glucose transport into the cell.

scholarly journals Glucose metabolism in perfused skeletal muscle. Effects of starvation, diabetes, fatty acids, acetoacetate, insulin and exercise on glucose uptake and disposition

1976 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Berger ◽  
S A Hagg ◽  
M N Goodman ◽  
N B Ruderman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lactate Oxidation ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Lactate Release ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Stimulation

1. The regulation of glucose uptake and disposition in skeletal muscle was studied in the isolated perfused rat hindquarter. 2. Insulin and exercise, induced by sciatic-nerve stimulation, enhanced glucose uptake about tenfold in fed and starved rats, but were without effect in rats with diabetic ketoacidosis. 3. At rest, the oxidation of lactate (0.44 mumol/min per 30 g muscle in fed rats) was decreased by 75% in both starved and diabetic rats, whereas the release of alanine and lactate (0.41 and 1.35 mumol/min per 30 g respectively in the fed state) was increased. Glycolysis, defined as the sum of lactate+alanine release and lactate oxidation, was not decreased in either starvation or diabetes. 4. In all groups, exercise tripled O2 consumption (from approximately 8 to approximately 25 mumol/min per 30 g of muscle) and increased the release and oxidation of lactate five- to ten-fold. The differences in lactate release between fed, starved and diabetic rats observed at rest were no longer apparent; however, lactate oxidation was still several times greater in the fed group. 5. Perfusion of the hindquarter of a fed rat with palmitate, octanoate or acetoacetate did not alter glucose uptake or lactate release in either resting or exercising muslce; however, lactate oxidation was significantly inhibited by acetoacetate, which also increased the intracellular concentration of acetyl-CoA. 6. The data suggest that neither that neither glycolysis nor the capacity for glucose transport are inhbitied in the perfused hindquarter during starvation or perfusion with fatty acids or ketone bodies. On the other hand, lactate oxidation is inhibited, suggesting diminished activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase. 7. Differences in the regulation of glucose metabolism in heart and skeletal muscle and the role of the glucose/fatty acid cycle in each tissue are discussed.

scholarly journals Tracing Fasting Glucose Fluxes with Unstressed Catheter Approach in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shichun Du ◽  
Hui Wu ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Ying Meng ◽  
Fangzhen Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Tracer Injection ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake ◽  
Endogenous Glucose

Objective. Blood glucose concentrations of type 1 diabetic rats are vulnerable, especially to stress and trauma. The present study aimed to investigate the fasting endogenous glucose production and skeletal muscle glucose uptake of Streptozotocin induced type 1 diabetic rats using an unstressed vein and artery implantation of catheters at the tails of the rats as a platform.Research Design and Methods. Streptozotocin (65 mg·kg−1) was administered to induce type 1 diabetic state. The unstressed approach of catheters of vein and artery at the tails of the rats was established before the isotope tracer injection. Dynamic measurement of fasting endogenous glucose production was assessed by continuously infusing stable isotope [6, 6-2H2] glucose, while skeletal muscle glucose uptake by bolus injecting radioactively labeled [1-14C]-2-deoxy-glucose.Results. Streptozotocin induced type 1 diabetic rats displayed polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria along with overt hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. They also had enhanced fasting endogenous glucose production and reduced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle compared to nondiabetic rats.Conclusions. The dual catheters implantation at the tails of the rats together with isotope tracers injection is a save time, unstressed, and feasible approach to explore the glucose metabolism in animal models in vivo.

scholarly journals Acetoacetate and Glucose Uptake by Diaphragm and Skeletal Muscle from Control and Diabetic Rats

1959 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa H. Beatty ◽  
R.D. Peterson ◽  
Rose Mary Bocek ◽  
Edward S. West
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Diabetic Rats

scholarly journals Intracerebroventricular Injection of Alarin Increased Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle of Diabetic Rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0139327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenwen Zhang ◽  
Yongkang Wu ◽  
Shudong Sheng ◽  
Lili Guo ◽  
Biao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Injection
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