Solvolysis Procedures for the Determination of Bound Residues of the Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol inFusariumSpecies Infected Grain of Two Winter Wheat Cultivars Preinfected with Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (17) ◽  
pp. 6864-6869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Frank Walker ◽  
Birgit Hoeglinger ◽  
Heinrich Buchenauer
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Bound Residues ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Modified Recurrent Selection for Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Tolerance in Winter Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Bauske ◽  
Frederic L. Kolb ◽  
Adrianna D. Hewings ◽  
Gordon Cisar
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Virus Tolerance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Grassy Weeds and Corn as Potential Sources of Barley yellow dwarf virus Spread Into Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. PDIS-05-20-1004
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Rashidi ◽  
Regina K. Cruzado ◽  
Pamela J. S. Hutchinson ◽  
Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez ◽  
Juliet M. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is an important vector-borne pathogen of cereals. Although many species of grasses are known to host BYDV, knowledge of their role in virus spread in regional agroecosystems remains limited. Between 2012 and 2016, Idaho winter wheat production was affected by BYDV. BYDV-PAV and the bird cherry-oat aphid (BCOA) (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) vector were commonly present in the affected areas. A series of greenhouse bioassays were performed to examine whether two types of corn (Zea mays L.), dent and sweet, and three commonly found grassy weeds, downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.), and foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum L.), can be inoculated with BYDV (species BYDV-PAV) by BCOA and also act as sources of the virus in winter wheat. BCOA successfully transmitted BYDV-PAV to both corn types and all weed species. Virus titers differed between the weed species (P = 0.032) and between corn types (P = 0.001). In transmission bioassays, aphids were able to survive on these host plants during the 5-day acquisition access period and later successfully transmitted BYDV-PAV to winter wheat (var. SY Ovation). Transmission success was positively correlated with the virus titer of the source plant (P < 0.001) and influenced by weed species (P = 0.028) but not corn type. Overall, the results of our inoculation and transmission assays showed that the examined weed species and corn types can be inoculated with BYDV-PAV by BCOA and subsequently act as sources of infections in winter wheat.

scholarly journals Reaction of wheat varieties to infection with barley yellow dwarf virus and prospects for resistance breeding

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Veškrna ◽  
J. Chrpová ◽  
V. Šíp ◽  
T. Sedláček ◽  
P. Horčička
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Virus Content ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

The reaction of winter and spring wheat to infection with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV) was evaluated in three-year small-plot field trials on 71 wheat varieties registered in the Czech Republic and at two locations for two years on 63 selected potential sources of resistance. Disease symptoms (VSS) were visually recorded using a 0&ndash;9 scale and the percent reduction of grain weight per spike (GWS-R) was measured on twenty plants per plot. The evaluation showed that among the registered varieties of winter and spring wheat no variety had a high resistance to BYDV (with VSS lower than 3.5). GWS-R ranged between 24% and 60%. Higher variability in VSS was detected for the registered varieties of spring wheat compared to winter wheat. Among the registered varieties of winter wheat, Saskia, Rialto, Meritto, Rexia, and Svitava, as well as the spring wheat Leguan, received the best long-term evaluations. The highest level of resistance was detected for the PSR 3628 line (a hybrid of wheat and couch-grass), but in connection with a low agronomic value. The WKL91-138 line of spring wheat and some varieties (lines) with the detected moderate level of resistance, in particular, could offer good prospects for use in breeding. The presence of the Bdv2 gene was expressed only in the reduction of virus content on the 11<sup>th</sup> day after inoculation. Nevertheless, genotypes carrying this gene were evaluated in field trials as susceptible or very susceptible to infection with the Czech PAV isolate. Similarly, the presence of the Bdv1 gene detected with the help of WMS130 marker was no assurance of an increased level of resistance to BYDV. Hybridological analyses of crosses with the WKL91-138 line showed a polygenic nature of inheritance. Thus, the marker-assisted selection does not obviously promise success without a focus on detecting a larger number of QTLs.

Winter Wheat Responses to Bird Cherry‐Oat Aphids and Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Infection

Crop Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Riedell ◽  
Robert W. Kieckhefer ◽  
Scott D. Haley ◽  
Marie A. C Langham ◽  
Paul D. Evenson
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

scholarly journals Yield Effects of Barley yellow dwarf virus in Soft Red Winter Wheat

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith L. Perry ◽  
Frederic L. Kolb ◽  
Bernard Sammons ◽  
Clifford Lawson ◽  
Gordon Cisar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

Three cultivars of soft red winter wheat were evaluated to determine the relationship between the incidence and time of infection by Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) and yield. Wheat was planted in 1995, 1996, and 1997 in a split-plot design with six replicates at sites in Indiana and Illinois. Yield plots were infested with different amounts of viruliferous aphids, and the incidence of BYDV in each plot was measured. In a 2-year study in Illinois with cv. Clark and the PAV-IL isolate of BYDV, yields were assessed following aphid infestation in fall, early spring, and late spring. Early spring infections resulted in larger yield reductions than late spring infections in both years and larger than fall infections in one year. Regression analyses to relate incidence of infection and yield with data from fall and early spring infections provided R2 values of 0.89 and 0.51 for the 1996 to 1997 and 1997 to 1998 seasons, respectively. An additional study at the same site in the 1996 to 1997 season compared the yield responses of cvs. Clark, Y88-3e, and PT8935b. Increases in the incidence of BYDV correlated with decreases in yield, with R2 values of 0.80, 0.78, and 0.90 for the three cultivars, respectively. Estimated yield losses in both studies and all cultivars ranged from 27 to 45 kg/ha or 0.34 to 0.55% for each percent increase in virus infection. In a third study over a 2-year period in Indiana with the same three wheat genot ypes and a second BYDV isolate (PAV-P), BYDV treatments resulted in significant reductions in yield, but yield loss and the incidence of BYDV were not linearly correlated. Given the differences in yield reductions caused by the two BYDV isolates, PAV-P may be an attenuated strain of BYDV and may cross-protect plants from naturally occurring strains of the virus.

Some factors limiting the growth and yield of winter wheat and their variation in two seasons

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Prew ◽  
B. M. Church ◽  
A. M. Dewar ◽  
J. Lacey ◽  
N. Magan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

SummaryMulti-factorial experiments on winter wheat cv. Hustler in autumn 1979 and 1980 sown on a clay loam soil following potatoes tested the effects of combinations of the following eight factors, each at two levels: sowing date; amount of nitrogen; division of nitrogen; timing of nitrogen; irrigation; autumn pesticide (aldicarb); summer aphicide (pirimicarb); and fungicide (carbendazim, tridemorph, maneb and captafol).The mean grain yields of all plots in 1980 and 1981 were respectively 9·6 and 8·3 t/ha; the best eight-plot means were 11·2 and 9·9 t/ha. Fungicides had the largest effect on grain yield, increasing it by 0·8 and 1·7 t/ha in 1980 and 1981, mainly by increasing grain size. Effects were greater with earlier sowing and the larger amount of nitrogen. Benefits from fungicide were well related to the control of leaf diseases, mainly Septoria spp., which became severe after anthesis. Fungicide temporarily decreased the number of saprophytic fungi on the developing ears. Aphids that appeared in autumn on plots sown in mid-September were controlled by autumn pesticide, which also prevented the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus that occurred only in 1981. Consequently, yield of early-sown plots in 1981 was increased by autumn pesticide, but only when the severe infection with leaf diseases was controlled by fungicide. Autumn pesticide decreased nematode populations. Aphid populations in summer were small and yield was unaffected by the decrease in numbers that followed application of an aphicide.Sowing on 20 or 15 September, as compared with 19 or 30 October, caused faster growth and development and greater uptake of N from the soil early in the season. Effects were smaller after April: earlier sowing increased total dry weight by 2·5–3·0 t/ha and, when leaf diseases and barley yellow dwarf virus were controlled, increased yield by 0·9-l·0t/ha. Increasing the amount of N applied by 70 kg/ha (from 105 or 80), increased yield only in 1980 and then only when fungicide was used. Extra N decreased yield in 1981 in the absence of fungicide. Extra N always increased N uptake and decreased grain size. Applying mostor all of the Non 4 or 19 March instead of 15 or 23 April resulted in less uptake of N from anthesis onwards and smaller yield, especially in 1980. N in three applications instead of one had negligible effect. Trickle irrigation decreased yield slightly, despite delaying leaf senescence and increasing straw weight. Attributes of wheat on best yielding plots differed little between years. Average values were: 534 ears/m2; 40·7 grains/ear; 40·4 mg/grain; 18·8 t/ha total dry matter and 214 kg N/ha uptake by grain plus straw.

scholarly journals Effects of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus on Root and Shoot Growth of Winter Wheat Seedlings Grown in Aeroponic Culture

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Hoffman ◽  
F. L. Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Seedlings of eight soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars were grown in an aeroponic mist box to study the effects of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) on root and shoot growth and to look for differences in root and shoot growth among cultivars. The cultivars selected for the study were Caldwell, Cardinal, Clark, Howell, IL 87-2834, Tyler, and Pioneer brands 2548 and 2555. A split-plot treatment design was used, with uninfected and inoculated treatments as whole plots and cultivars as subplots. Differences among cultivars were found for most growth characteristics under both control and BYDV-infected conditions. There was a strong positive correlation between shoot and root dry weights in both the control and BYDV treatments, indicating that cultivars with vigorous shoot growth tended to have more vigorous root growth. BYDV severely reduced root length, distance from seminal root tip to the nearest lateral root, and the root to shoot ratio for all cultivars tested. The number of adventitious roots and shoot percent dry matter were increased by BYDV infection for some cultivars. Chlorosis and stunting were not observed in shoots during the 18 days of the experiment, whereas roots were visibly stunted approximately 4 days after inoculation. Results indicate that, initially, the root system is affected more severely than the shoot in BYDV-infected wheat seedlings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document