Formation of Modified Fatty Acids and Oxyphytosterols during Refining of Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oil

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (15) ◽  
pp. 4284-4290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Lambelet ◽  
André Grandgirard ◽  
Stéphane Gregoire ◽  
Pierre Juaneda ◽  
Jean-Louis Sebedio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Modified Fatty Acids

THE INFLUENCE OF HIGH AND LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OILS ON THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS AND ON THE LIPID FRACTION OF EGG YOLK

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. VOGTMANN ◽  
D. R. CLANDININ ◽  
R. T. HARDIN
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

The effects of including 5 or 15% of high (regular) and low (Span) erucic acid rapeseed oils or soybean oil on productive performance, total lipid and fatty acid content of egg yolk, and distribution of fatty acids in egg yolk fat were studied. Feed intake varied according to the dietary energy content. However, 15% high erucic acid rapeseed oil decreased feed intake and egg production in comparison with 15% low erucic acid rapeseed oil or soybean oil. Hens receiving rations containing soybean oil produced larger eggs in the treatment than in the pre-treatment period. Five percent regular rapeseed oil in the diet led to a small increase in egg weight, whereas inclusion of 15% regular rapeseed oil in the diet led to a decrease in egg weight. Diets containing the Span oil gave intermediate results. Although the total lipid and total fatty acid content in egg yolk remained constant, the fatty acid composition changed significantly with the experimental diets. The concentration of saturated fatty acids in eggs produced by hens fed diets containing the regular rapeseed oil or low erucic acid rapeseed oil (Span oil) decreased only to a small extent and not in proportion to the amount of these fatty acids present in the diets; but the oleic acid concentration in eggs produced by the hens fed diets containing the rapeseed oil was high. Only 0.2% of erucic acid was found in eggs when 15% regular rapeseed oil was fed to laying hens. The laying hen seems to be able to maintain the level of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in yolk lipids in a physiological range. The results indicate that in the laying hen, a partial degradation of erucic acid to gadoleic acid and oleic acid takes place.

EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE ABSORPTION OF FAT BY TURKEYS FED MIXTURES OF BEEF FAT AND RAPESEED OIL

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. SALMON
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Contribution ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

The absorption of Span low erucic acid rapeseed oil (SRO), beef fat (BF) or combinations of these fats totalling 10% of the diet of Small White turkeys has been determined weekly to 6 wk of age. The corrected absorbability of 100, 75, 50, 25, and 0% SRO combined with 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% BF averaged 96, 95, 90, 82, and 79%. The absorbability of BF and combinations including BF increased with age, most of the increase occurring by 3 wk of age. The unsaturated fatty acids (18:1, 18:2) were highly absorbed, as were the saturated fatty acids (16:0, 18:0) of SRO. The absorbability of 16:0 and 18:0 of BF was low but increased with age. It was concluded that mixtures including 50% or more of low erucic acid rapeseed oil improve the utilization and energy contribution to the diet by BF.

Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Determination of C22 Fatty Acids for the Certification of Low Erucic Acid Varieties of Rapeseeds

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-858
Author(s):  
Jean P Barrette
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Detector Response ◽  
Check Sample ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A rapid gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) procedure was developed for the determination of C22 fatty acids (mostly erucic acid) in rapeseeds containing less than 5% erucic acid. The method involves an oil extraction from a representative sample of rapeseeds, a vigorous boron trifluoride-methanol transesterification of the oil to methyl esters, and analysis by GLC with the aid of an electronic integrator. Six laboratories participated in a monthly check sample program. By adjusting the GLC detector response with 2 synthetic reference standard mixtures containing 1.0 and 3.0% methyl behenate, interlaboratory agreement within 0.3% C22 was consistently obtained.

GROWTH, CARDIOPATHOLOGY AND CARDIAC FATTY ACIDS OF SWINE FED DIETS CONTAINING SOYBEAN OIL OR LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OIL

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. FRIEND ◽  
J. K. G. KRAMER ◽  
F. D. SAUER ◽  
A. H. CORNER ◽  
K. M. CHARLTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography

One hundred and eighty weaner pigs were allotted to five dietary treatments comprising a control with no added oil and the control with either soybean oil or rapeseed oil (Brassica campestris cv. Span) each at 10 and 20% of the diet. Postmortem examinations were conducted on equal numbers of boars and gilts at the beginning of the experiment, as initial controls, and after 1, 4 and 16 wk on the experimental diets. When fed for 1 to 4 wk, the higher level of both oils reduced (P < 0.05) body weight gain but from 4 to 16 wk, differences were not significant for any of the diets. Consumption of the control diet exceeded (P < 0.05) that of any other diet, but pigs fed the oil diets showed improved (P < 0.01) feed efficiency. Minute focal interstitial infiltrations of mononuclear cells were present in the myocardium of some pigs in each dietary treatment and also in the initial controls. Foci of overt myocardial necrosis were not seen. Oil red 0 stained sections revealed traces of myocardial fat accumulation which occurred more frequently in pigs fed the high oil diets. In a second experiment, 24 weaner boar pigs were fed the control and the 10% Span oil diets. Two pigs from each treatment were killed on each of days 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20. Total fat was extracted from the heart of each pig and methyl esters determined by gas–liquid chromatography. There was no significant (P = 0.05) difference in percent fat of dry matter between pigs fed the control and the 10% Span diet. The proportions of the major fatty acids were similar between diets. Erucic acid and linolenic acid were present in the cardiac lipid of all control pigs, but to a significantly (P < 0.01) lesser degree than for pigs fed the Span diet. The level of arachidonic acid, for both groups of pigs, declined (P < 0.05) progressively with the duration (days) of feeding.

Hydrogenation of Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oil

1983 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Puri ◽  
J. M. De Man
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

VARIETAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON RAPESEED: II. FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF THE OIL

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Craig ◽  
L. R. Wetter
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Major Variation ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

The content of C16, C18, C20, C22 fatty acids were measured by gas liquid phase chromatography and linoleic and linolenic acids by spectral analyses on the oil from seven varieties of rapeseed grown at seven stations in Western Canada. Significant differences were found between varieties for all oil properties except the content of C16 acids. The major variation occurred in C18, C22 and linoleic acids with lesser amounts in the C20 and linolenic acids. The varieties Golden, Argentine, Regina II and Swedish are classed as high, Gute and Arlo as intermediate, and Polish as low erucic acid oils.

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