Interaction of .beta.-lactoglobulin with .kappa.-casein in micelles as assessed by chymosin hydrolysis: effect of temperature, heating time, .beta.-lactoglobulin concentration, and pH

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mohan Reddy ◽  
John E. Kinsella
Keyword(s):  
Heating Time ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Beta Lactoglobulin ◽  
Temperature Heating

scholarly journals Application of Taguchi method to investigate the effect of temperature, heating time, concentration and particle size on improved gel spinning process of UHMWPE

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (05) ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
RAJPUT ABDUL WAQAR ◽  
ZAHID BILAL ◽  
JAMSHAID HAFSA ◽  
ALI USMAN ◽  
ABBAS AMIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Gel Spinning ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Temperature Heating

In this research UHMWPE filaments were extruded utilising newly developed terpene based gel spinning process. Taguchi’s fractional factorial experimental design was implemented to study the impact of different factors on the tenacity of the fibres. Extruded filaments were characterized by taking filament tenacity as response. The extrusion was carried out utilising terpene base gel spinning process developed by the author reported previously, which uses environmentally friendly terpene (orange oil) instead of petrochemicals used in the conventional extrusion of UHMWPE. Four selected processing parameters were used and their effect on the tenacity of resultant filaments was assessed using standard statistical methods. It was found that the concentration and heating time exerts significant effect on the tenacity of filaments. In addition, interaction between concentration and particle size, temperature and concentration, heating time and concentration indicated major effect on the response.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suhu Dan Waktu Pemanasan Terhadap Stabilitas Pigmen Antosianin Ekstrak Asam Sitrat Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrizus) Dan Aplikasi Pada Bahan Pangan

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Nasrullah Nasrullah ◽  
Halimah Husain ◽  
Muh. Syahrir
Keyword(s):  
Heating Time ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigment ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Pigment Extract ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Temperature Heating ◽  
Temperature Time

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas ekstrak pigmen antosianin kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrizus) terhadap suhu dan waktu pemanasan serta ketahanan warna antosianin kulit buah naga merah pada bahan pangan. Ekstraksi kulit buah naga merah dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut asam sitrat 10%: air (6:1). Pengaruh suhu 400C, 500C dan 600C terhadap stabilitas pigmen antosianin dilakukan pada rentang waktu 5 menit, 15 menit, 30 menit, 45 menit dan 60 menit. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran absorbansi sampel pada spektrofotometer UV-Vis dengan λ maks 520,00. Data hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa pigmen antosianin stabil pada rentang suhu 400C- 500C dengan lama pemanasan 30 menit, 45 menit dan 60 menit. Kata kunci: Kulit buah naga merah, suhu, waktu ABSTRACT This research is an experimental study with aim’s to know the stability of anthocyanin pigment extract from red dragon fruit skin (Hylocereus polyrizus) on temperature, heating time and the anthocyanin color resistance of red dragon fruit skin on foodstuffs. Extraction of dragon fruit skin was done by maceration method using 10% citric acid solvent: water (6: 1). The effect of temperature of 400C, 500C and 600C on the stability of anthocyanin pigments was carried out in the time range of 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes. Then the absorbance measurements of the samples in UV-Vis spectrophotometer were carried out with λ max 520.00. The measoroment result showed that anthocyanin pigment is stable on the temperature range 400C - 500C with heating time of 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes. Keywords: Red dragon fruit skin, temperature, time

Numerical Simulation and Process Optimization of Automotive Friction Materials in Warm Pressing Forming

2013 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Chun Cao ◽  
Chun Dong Zhu ◽  
Chen Fu
Keyword(s):  
Process Optimization ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Temperature Heating

Warm pressing forming technology has been gradually applied to the forming of automotive friction materials. How to ensure product performance to achieve the target at the same time achieve the maximum energy saving is the research focus of this study. In this paper, by using finite element method, the field of automotive friction materials in warm pressing forming was analyzed, reveals the relationship between the temperature field and the heating temperature/heating time. Furthermore, the energy consumption was analyzed and compared it with hot pressing forming process. The results will have significant guiding to the process optimization in warm pressing forming.

scholarly journals Study on the Thermal Treatment of Nano-Ag/TiO2 Thin Film

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Peng Bing ◽  
Wang Jia ◽  
Chai Li-yuan ◽  
Wang Yun-yan ◽  
Mao Ai-li
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Tio2 Thin Film ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Temperature Heating

The photocatalytic degradation rates of methyl orange and antibacterial properties of nano-Ag/TiO2 thin film on ceramics were investigated in this study. XRD was used to detect the structure of film to clarify the impacts on the rates and properties. The effect of film layers, heating temperature, heating time, and embedding of Ag+ on the degradation rates and antibacterial properties were ascertained. The nano-Ag/TiO2 film of 3 layers with AgNO3 3% embedded and treated at 350°C for 2 h would exhibit good performance.

Chemical Basis of the Carbamidodiacetyl Micromethod for Estimation of Urea, Citrulline, and Carbamyl Derivatives

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P Veniamin ◽  
Catherine Vakirtzi-Lemonias
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Mineral Acid ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Chemical Basis ◽  
Temperature Heating

Abstract The chemical pathway of the carbamidodiacetyl colorimetric assay was investigated. The experimental variables that were studied include reaction temperature, heating time, and the ratio of the mineral acid mixture to the reactants. Evidence is presented establishing the involvement of either 7- or 8-methyl, or 7,8-dimethyltetrahydroimidazo(4,5-d)imidazole-2,5-diones as chromogens, all three being equally acceptable.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Process Optimization of Bone Whitlockite

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Batool ◽  
Usman Liaqat ◽  
Zakir Hussain ◽  
Manzar Sohail
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Subsequent Aging ◽  
Subtle Change ◽  
Living Bone ◽  
Ph Range

Whitlockite, being the second most abundant bio-mineral in living bone, finds huge applications in tissue regeneration and implants and its synthesis into its pure form has remained a challenge. Although precipitation of whitlockite phase has been reported recently in many publications, effects of various parameters to control such phase as well as conditions for the bulk preparation of this extremely important bio-mineral have not been investigated so far. In this work, we report the precipitation of pure whitlockite phase using common precursors. As reported in the literature, whitlockite is stable in a narrow pH range, therefore; optimization of pH for the stabilization of whitlockite phase has been investigated. Additionally, in order to narrow down the optimum conditions for the whitlockite precipitation, effect of temperature and heating conditions has also been studied. The obtained solids were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). From PXRD analysis, it was observed that heating the precursor’s mixture at 100 °C with subsequent aging at the optimized pH resulted in the precipitation of pure whitlockite phase. These results were further confirmed by TGA, SEM and Raman spectroscopy analysis and it was confirmed that the conditions reported here favor whitlockite precipitation without formation of any secondary phase. These reaction conditions were further confirmed by changing all the parameters like aging, heating time, feed rate of precursors one by one. From PXRD analysis of these samples, it was concluded that not only pH but temperature, heating time, aging time and feed rate effect simultaneously on the precipitation of pure whitlockite phase and a subtle change in any of these parameters could lead to the formation of undesired stable secondary calcium phosphate phases.

scholarly journals Experimental Measurement of Vacuum Evaporation of Aluminum in Ti-Al, V-Al, Ti6Al4V Alloys by Electron Beam

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1688
Author(s):  
Dawei Wang ◽  
Zhiguo Liu ◽  
Wenrui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Vacuum Evaporation ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Composition Control ◽  
Tc4 Alloy ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Temperature Heating

Titanium alloys have been widely used in aerospace engineering due to their excellent mechanical properties, especially their strength-to-weight ratio. In addition, Ti6Al4V (TC4) alloy is the most widely used among α+β alloys. The main three elements of TC4 alloy are titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al) and vanadium (V). Since the boiling point of aluminum is much lower than the melting point of the other two elements, the consistency of TC4 alloy during smelting, additive manufacturing and surface treatment is difficult to control. Therefore, in order to study the difficult problem of composition control in TC4 alloy production, we measured the vacuum evaporation of Al, Ti and V in Ti-Al, V-Al and TC4 alloys, and tracked the changes of molten pool temperature, heating time and weight. According to the results, the Al started to evaporate near 1300 ± 10 °C in vacuum and totally evaporated after 225 s heating to 1484 °C at 10−2 Pa. However, V and Ti barely evaporated below 2000 °C. The Al in Ti-Al alloy started to evaporate at 1753 ± 10 °C and lost 20.6 wt.% aluminum during 500 s at 1750~1957 °C. The Al in V-Al alloy started to evaporate at 1913 ± 10 °C and lost 26.4 wt.% aluminum during 543s at 1893~2050 °C. The Al in TC4 alloy started to evaporate at 1879 ± 10 °C and lost 79.6 wt. % aluminum after 113 s at 1879~1989 °C. The results indicate that smelting TC4 alloy with Ti-Al and V-Al alloys by EBM below 1900 °C improves the consistency and performance. Additionally, the lowest loss of Al occurred in the additive manufacturing of TC4 alloy below 1900 °C.

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