FT-IR determination of lignin degradation in wheat straw by white rot fungus Stropharia rugosoannulata with different oxygen concentrations

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1382-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. George Buta ◽  
Frantisek Zadrazil ◽  
Guido C. Galletti
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

scholarly journals Integrative visual omics of the white-rot fungus Polyporus brumalis exposes the biotechnological potential of its oxidative enzymes for delignifying raw plant biomass

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Miyauchi ◽  
Anaïs Rancon ◽  
Elodie Drula ◽  
Delphine Chaduli ◽  
Anne Favel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Fungal Genome ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Polyporus Brumalis

AbstractWhite-rot fungi are wood decayers able to degrade all polymers from lignocellulosic biomass including cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. The white-rot fungus Polyporus brumalis efficiently breaks down lignin and is regarded as having a high potential for the initial treatment of plant biomass in its conversion to bio-energy. We performed integrative multi-omics analyses by combining data from the fungal genome, transcriptomes, and secretomes. We found the fungus possessed an unexpectedly large set of genes coding for enzymes related to lignin degradation, and that these were highly expressed and massively secreted under solid-state fermentation conditions. The examination of interrelated multi-omics patterns revealed the coordinated regulation of lignin-active peroxidases and H2O2-generating enzymes along with the activation of cellular mechanisms for detoxification, which combined to result in the efficient lignin breakdown by the fungus.ImportancePlant biomass conversion for green chemistry and bio-energy is a current challenge for a modern sustainable bioeconomy. The complex polyaromatic lignin polymers in raw biomass feedstocks (i.e. agriculture and forestry by-products) are major obstacles for biomass conversions. From a biotechnological aspect, these compounds could be a potential source of aromatic platform molecules for bio-based polymers. Here we describe the extraordinary ability of Polyporus brumalis for lignin degradation using its enzymatic arsenal to break down wheat straw, a lignocellulosic substrate that is considered as a biomass feedstock worldwide. We observed unusual expansions of gene families coding for; 1) Class II peroxidases involved in lignin degradation; and 2) GMC oxidoreductases/dehydrogenases involved in generating the hydrogen peroxide required for lignin peroxidase activity. Our findings suggested the fungus massively mobilizes this oxidative machinery during growth on wheat straw. Overall, we identified sets of co-regulated enzymes, which could potentially augment the efficiency of biotechnological plant biomass conversions.

scholarly journals Alkali treatment of fungal pretreated wheat straw for bioethanol production

Bioethanol ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María García-Torreiro ◽  
Miguel Álvarez Pallín ◽  
María López-Abelairas ◽  
Thelmo A. Lu-Chau ◽  
Juan M. Lema
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Alkali Pretreatment ◽  
Irpex Lacteus ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Pretreated Wheat Straw

AbstractBioconversion of lignocellulosic materials into ethanol requires an intermediate pretreatment step for conditioning biomass. Sugar yields from wheat straw were previously improved by the addition of a mild alkali pretreatment step before bioconversion by the white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus. In this work, an alternative alkaline treatment, which significantly reduces water consumption, was implemented and optimized. Sugar recovery increased 117% with respect to the previously developed alkaline wash process at optimal process conditions (30°C, 30 minutes and 35.7% (w/w) of NaOH). In order to further reduce operational costs, a system for alkali recycling was implemented. This resulted in the treatment of 150% more wheat straw using the same amount of NaOH. Finally, enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized and resulted in a reduction of enzyme dose of 33%.

Enhancement of lignin degradation and laccase activity in Pleurotus ostreatus by cotton stalk extract

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 676-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orly Ardon ◽  
Zohar Kerem ◽  
Yitzhak Hadar
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Lignin Biodegradation ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Fermentation System ◽  
Uv Visible

The white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus was grown in a chemically defined solid state fermentation system amended with cotton stalk extract (CSE).Treated cultures exhibited increased laccase activity as well as enhanced lignin mineralization. Mineralization of [14C]lignin initialized 4 days earlier in CSE-supplemented cultures than in control cultures. Total mineralization in the first 16 days was 15% in the CSE-treated cultures, compared with only 7% in the controls. Cotton stalk extract also contained compounds that serve as substrates for laccase purified from P. ostreatus as shown by oxygen consumption, as well as changes in the UV–visible spectrum.Key words: cotton, Pleurotusostreatus, white rot, laccase, lignin biodegradation.

scholarly journals Biological pretreatment of wheat straw: Effect of fungal culturing on enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrate polymers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Knežević ◽  
Ivana Đokić ◽  
Tomislav Tosti ◽  
Slađana Popović ◽  
Dušanka Milojković-Opsenica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Irpex Lacteus ◽  
Fungal Pretreatment ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract The aim of the study was comparative analysis of degradation of wheat straw lignin by white-rot fungi and its implications on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of holocellulose. Cyclocybe cylindracea, Ganoderma resinaceum, Irpex lacteus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor were the species studied. Peroxidases were predominantly responsible for lignin degradation even though high laccase activities were detected, except in the case of Irpex lacteus where laccase activity was not detected. Studied fungal species showed various ability to degrade lignin in wheat straw which further affected release of reducing sugars during enzymatic saccharification. The highest rate of lignin degradation was noticed in sample pretreated with Irpex lacteus (50.9 ± 4.1%). Among all tested species only Ganoderma resinaceum was suitable lignin degrader with the 2-fold higher hydrolysis yield (51.1 ± 4.7%) than in the control, and could have significant biotechnological application due to lower cellulose loss. A key mechanism of carbohydrate component convertibility enhancement was lignin removal in the biomass. Long time consumption, the low sugar yields and unpredictable fungal response still remain the challenge of the fungal pretreatment process.

scholarly journals Transcriptomics analysis reveals the high biodegradation efficiency of white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 on native lignin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqiao Wang ◽  
Tomohiro Suzuki ◽  
Hideo Dohra ◽  
Toshio Mori ◽  
Hirokazu Kawagishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Lignin Biodegradation ◽  
Phanerochaete Sordida

Abstract Background Lignocellulosic biomass is an organic matrix composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. In nature, lignin degradation by basidiomycetes is the key step in lignocellulose decay. The white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 (YK-624) has been extensively studied due to its high lignin degradation ability. In our previous study, it was demonstrated that YK-624 can secrete lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase for lignin degradation. However, the underlying mechanism for lignin degradation by YK-624 remains unknown.Results Here, we analyzed YK-624 gene expression following growth under ligninolytic and nonligninolytic conditions and compared the differentially expressed genes in YK-624 to those in the model white-rot fungus P. chrysosporium by next-generation sequencing. More ligninolytic enzymes and lignin-degrading auxiliary enzymes were upregulated in YK-624. This might explain the high degradation efficiency of YK-624. In addition, the genes involved in energy metabolism pathways, such as the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, carbon metabolism and glycolysis, were upregulated under ligninolytic conditions in YK-624.Conclusions In the present study, the first differential gene expression analysis of YK-624 under ligninolytic and nonligninolytic conditions was reported. The results obtained in this study indicated that YK-624 produces more energy- and lignin-degrading enzymes for more efficient lignin biodegradation.

Induction of laccase activity in the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus using water polluted with wheat straw extracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Parenti ◽  
Elaia Muguerza ◽  
Amaia Redin Iroz ◽  
Alejandra Omarini ◽  
Enma Conde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus
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