Liquid−Liquid Equilibria of (Limonene + Linalool + Ethylene Glycol or Diethylene Glycol or Triethylene Glycol or 1,2-Propylene Glycol) Ternary Systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfullah M. Sevgili ◽  
Selin Şahin ◽  
Ş. İsmail Kırbaşlar
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Diethylene Glycol ◽  
Triethylene Glycol ◽  
Ternary Systems

scholarly journals Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds (Anti-freezing Agents) in Decorative Water-based Paints Marketed in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajoke F. Idayat Apanpa-Qasim ◽  
Adebola A. Adeyi
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Diethylene Glycol ◽  
Triethylene Glycol ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Water Based

Background. Consumer products such as paints are a potentially significant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and oxygenated VOCs. Paints for construction and household use have been rapidly changing from oil-based to water-based paints and are one of the commonly identified sources of oxygenated VOCs in indoor environments. Objectives. Four different anti-freezing agents were identified and analyzed in 174 waterbased paint samples, purchased from popular paint markets in two metropolitan cities in Nigeria, Lagos and Ibadan. Methods. Paint samples were solvent extracted using acetonitrile and milli-Q water. Antifreezing agents in the extracts were identified and quantified using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry and a GC-flame ionization detector, respectively. Discussion. Four different anti-freezing agents were identified in the samples, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and propylene glycol. Their levels ranged from 1,000-1,980 ppm, diethylene glycol; 1,000–3,900 ppm, triethylene glycol; 1,090–2,510 ppm, propylene glycol and 1,350–2,710 ppm, ethylene glycol. Levels of anti-freezing agents in all of the paint samples were above the permissible limits of the European Union for VOCs in paints of 500 ppm. Results of multivariate statistical analyses clearly showed that triethylene glycol was the most commonly used anti-freezing agent in paints despite its numerous harmful health effects. Conclusions. We concluded that water-based paints marketed in Nigeria contain high concentrations of anti-freezing agents, which have harmful environmental and human health effects, especially to sensitive individuals such as children. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

THE ACTIVATION OF PURIFIED HUMAN PLASMINOGEN IN SOLUTIONS OF ETHYLENE GLYCOLS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 889-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis S. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Diethylene Glycol ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fast Rate ◽  
Triethylene Glycol ◽  
Ethylene Glycols ◽  
Human Plasminogen ◽  
Glycol Solution ◽  
Rate Of Accumulation

Ethylene glycols have been found to allow activation of purified preparations of human plasminogen. The activity of the enzyme formed, plasmin, was measured using TAMe (p-toluene-sulphonyl-L-arginine methyl ester) as a substrate. In 50% (v/v) solutions of these compounds at pH 7.6 and 30 °C, plasmin accumulated faster in diethylene and triethylene glycols than in glycerol, but in ethylene glycol no plasmin was found. When lower concentrations of ethylene glycol (from zero to 50%) and shorter times of incubation were used, plasmin was found. With equimolar solutions (4.3 M) of glycerol and the three glycols, only diethylene glycol showed a fast rate of accumulation of plasmin. A 50% triethylene glycol solution partially inhibited the rate of spontaneous activation but stabilized the plasmin formed and therefore enzyme accumulated. At room temperature more plasmin accumulated than at higher temperatures when plasminogen was incubated in 50% triethylene glycol solution, and no plasmin was found when plasminogen was incubated at pH 7.6, 30 °C, in 50% solutions of propylene glycols, several ethers of the ethylene glycols, several polymers of various glycols, and dioxane.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document