scholarly journals Recognition of Surface Oxygen Intermediates on NiFe Oxyhydroxide Oxygen-Evolving Catalysts by Homogeneous Oxidation Reactivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1493-1502
Author(s):  
Yaming Hao ◽  
Yefei Li ◽  
Jianxiang Wu ◽  
Lingshen Meng ◽  
Jinling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Intermediates ◽  
Homogeneous Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Reactivity ◽  
Oxygen Evolving

Nature of surface oxygen intermediates on TiO2 during photocatalytic splitting of water

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Roberts ◽  
Somphonh P. Phivilay ◽  
Israel E. Wachs
Keyword(s):  
Surface Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Intermediates

Characterization of photosystem II with the atomic-force microscope

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1146-1147
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Marr ◽  
Mary K. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Atomic Force Microscope ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Image Averaging ◽  
Oxygen Evolving ◽  
Averaging Techniques

Photosystem II (PSII) is different from all other reaction centers in that it splits water to evolve oxygen and hydrogen ions. This unique ability to evolve oxygen is partly due to three oxygen evolving polypeptides (OEPs) associated with the PSII complex. Freeze etching on grana derived insideout membranes revealed that the OEPs contribute to the observed tetrameric nature of the PSIl particle; when the OEPs are removed, a distinct dimer emerges. Thus, the surface of the PSII complex changes dramatically upon removal of these polypeptides. The atomic force microscope (AFM) is ideal for examining surface topography. The instrument provides a topographical view of individual PSII complexes, giving relatively high resolution three-dimensional information without image averaging techniques. In addition, the use of a fluid cell allows a biologically active sample to be maintained under fully hydrated and physiologically buffered conditions. The OEPs associated with PSII may be sequentially removed, thereby changing the surface of the complex by one polypeptide at a time.

KIDNEY INJURY IN CANCER THERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Burnasheva ◽  
Y. V. Shatokhin ◽  
I. V. Snezhko ◽  
A. A. Matsuga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Oxygen Intermediates ◽  
Circulating Blood Volume

Кidney injury is a frequent and significant complication of cancer and cancer therapy. The kidneys are susceptible to injury from malignant infiltration, damage by metabolites of malignant cells, glomerular  injury, nephrotoxic drugs including chemotherapeutic agents. Also  bone marrow transplantation complications, infections with immune  suppression (including septicemia), tumor lysis syndrome should be  taken into account. Chemotherapeutic agents are a common cause  of acute kidney injury but can potentially lead to chronic kidney  disease development in cancer patients. This article summarizes risk  factors of acute kidney injury in cancer patients. Risk factors are  divided into two groups. The systemic are decrease of total  circulating blood volume, infiltration of kidney tissue by tumor cells,  dysproteinemia, electrolyte disturbances. The local (renal) risk  factors are microcirculation disturbances, drugs biotransformation  with formation of reactive oxygen intermediates, high concentration of nephrotoxic agents in proximal tubules and its  sensitivity to ischemia. Drug-related risk factors include: drugs  combination with cytotoxic effect high doses long term use necessity, direct cytotoxic effect of not only chemotherapeutic agents but also its metabolites, mean solubility forming intratubular  precipitates. Early diagnosis, timely prevention and treatment of  these complications provide significantly improve nononcologic results of treatment.

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