Kinetics of the Trans Effect in Ruthenium Complexes Provide Insight into the Factors That Control Activity and Stability in CO2 Electroreduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (19) ◽  
pp. 8980-8999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Gonell ◽  
Eric A. Assaf ◽  
Kyle D. Duffee ◽  
Cynthia K. Schauer ◽  
Alexander J. M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Ruthenium Complexes ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Trans Effect ◽  
Co2 Electroreduction ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Rapid systemic surge of IL-33 after severe human trauma: a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Sundnes ◽  
William Ottestad ◽  
Camilla Schjalm ◽  
Peter Lundbäck ◽  
Lars la Cour Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Decoy Receptor ◽  
Interleukin 33 ◽  
Injured Patients ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Alarmins are considered proximal mediators of the immune response after tissue injury. Understanding their biology could pave the way for development of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers in human disease, including multiple trauma. In this study we explored high-resolution concentration kinetics of the alarmin interleukin-33 (IL-33) early after human trauma. Methods Plasma samples were serially collected from 136 trauma patients immediately after hospital admission, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h thereafter, and every morning in the ICU. Levels of IL-33 and its decoy receptor sST2 were measured by immunoassays. Results We observed a rapid and transient surge of IL-33 in a subset of critically injured patients. These patients had more widespread tissue injuries and a greater degree of early coagulopathy. IL-33 half-life (t1/2) was 1.4 h (95% CI 1.2–1.6). sST2 displayed a distinctly different pattern with low initial levels but massive increase at later time points. Conclusions We describe for the first time early high-resolution IL-33 concentration kinetics in individual patients after trauma and correlate systemic IL-33 release to clinical data. These findings provide insight into a potentially important axis of danger signaling in humans.

scholarly journals Simulation of Folding Kinetics for Aligned RNAs

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Jiabin Huang ◽  
Björn Voß
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Conservation ◽  
Folding Kinetics ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Valuable Method ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Folding Space ◽  
Standing Problem

Studying the folding kinetics of an RNA can provide insight into its function and is thus a valuable method for RNA analyses. Computational approaches to the simulation of folding kinetics suffer from the exponentially large folding space that needs to be evaluated. Here, we present a new approach that combines structure abstraction with evolutionary conservation to restrict the analysis to common parts of folding spaces of related RNAs. The resulting algorithm can recapitulate the folding kinetics known for single RNAs and is able to analyse even long RNAs in reasonable time. Our program RNAliHiKinetics is the first algorithm for the simulation of consensus folding kinetics and addresses a long-standing problem in a new and unique way.

Atomic-level insight into reasonable design of metal-based catalysts for hydrogen oxidation in alkaline electrolytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu An ◽  
Xu Zhao ◽  
Tonghui Zhao ◽  
Deli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Atomic Level ◽  
Alkaline Electrolytes ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Hydrogen Utilization

Anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) is becoming highly attractive for hydrogen utilization owing to the advantages of employing economic catalysts in alkaline electrolytes. Nevertheless, the kinetics of anodic hydrogen...

An Insight into the Mechanism and Kinetics of Reactions In BOF Steelmaking: Theory vs Practice

2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 940-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Shukla ◽  
B. Deo ◽  
S. Millman ◽  
B. Snoeijer ◽  
A. Overbosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism And Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Dynamics of Tpm1.8 domains on actin filaments with single molecule resolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilina Bareja ◽  
Hugo Wioland ◽  
Miro Janco ◽  
Philip R. Nicovich ◽  
Antoine Jégou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filament ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Single Molecule Level ◽  
Filament Dynamics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTTropomyosins regulate dynamics and functions of the actin cytoskeleton by forming long chains along the two strands of actin filaments that act as gatekeepers for the binding of other actin-binding proteins. The fundamental molecular interactions underlying the binding of tropomyosin to actin are still poorly understood. Using microfluidics and fluorescence microscopy, we observed the binding of fluorescently labelled tropomyosin isoform Tpm1.8 to unlabelled actin filaments in real time. This approach in conjunction with mathematical modeling enabled us to quantify the nucleation, assembly and disassembly kinetics of Tpm1.8 on single filaments and at the single molecule level. Our analysis suggests that Tpm1.8 decorates the two strands of the actin filament independently. Nucleation of a growing tropomyosin domain proceeds with high probability as soon as the first Tpm1.8 molecule is stabilised by the addition of a second molecule, ultimately leading to full decoration of the actin filament. In addition, Tpm1.8 domains are asymmetrical, with enhanced dynamics at the edge oriented towards the barbed end of the actin filament. The complete description of Tpm1.8 kinetics on actin filaments presented here provides molecular insight into actin-tropomyosin filament formation and the role of tropomyosins in regulating actin filament dynamics.

Energy nutrients modulate the splanchnic sequestration of dietary nitrogen in humans: a compartmental analysis

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (2) ◽  
pp. E248-E260 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fouillet ◽  
C. Gaudichon ◽  
F. Mariotti ◽  
C. Bos ◽  
J. F. Huneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Amino Acid Availability ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

We used a previously developed compartmental model to assess the postprandial distribution and metabolism of dietary nitrogen (N) in the splanchnic and peripheral areas after the ingestion of a single meal containing milk protein either alone (MP) or with additional sucrose (SMP) or fat (FMP). The addition of fat was predicted to enhance splanchnic dietary N anabolism only transiently, without significantly affecting the global kinetics of splanchnic retention and peripheral uptake. In contrast, the addition of sucrose, which induced hyperinsulinemia, was predicted to enhance dietary N retention and anabolism in the splanchnic bed, thus leading to reduced peripheral dietary amino acid availability and anabolism. The incorporation of dietary N into splanchnic proteins was thus predicted to reach 18, 24, and 35% of ingested N 8 h after MP, FMP, and SMP, respectively. Such a model provides insight into the dynamics of the system in the nonsteady postprandial state and constitutes a useful, explanatory tool to determine the region-specific utilization of dietary N under different nutritional conditions.

Revisiting graphene–polymer nanocomposite for enhancing anticorrosion performance: a new insight into interface chemistry and diffusion model

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (26) ◽  
pp. 12612-12624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipak Dutta ◽  
Andita Nataria Fitri Ganda ◽  
Jui-Kung Chih ◽  
Cheng-Chun Huang ◽  
Chung-Jen Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Diffusion Kinetics ◽  
Interfacial Chemistry ◽  
Interface Chemistry ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposite ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Percolation Network

The interfacial chemistry and diffusion kinetics of a polymer–graphene nanocomposite anticorrosion coating were studied to minimize galvanic corrosion facilitated by the formation of an interconnected graphene percolation network.

Kinetics of Plasmon-Driven Hydrosilylation of Silicon Surfaces: Photogenerated Charges Drive Silicon- Carbon Bond Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Rao ◽  
Brian Olsen ◽  
Erik Luber ◽  
Jillian Buriak
Keyword(s):  
Green Light ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Silicon Surfaces ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

Optically transparent PDMS stamps coated with a layer of gold nanoparticles were employed as plasmonic stamps to drive surface chemistry on silicon surfaces. Illumination of a sandwich of plasmonic stamps, an alkene ink, and hydride-terminated silicon with green light of moderate intensity drives hydrosilylation on the surface. The key to the mechanism of the hydrosilylation is the presence of holes at the Si-H-terminated interface, which is followed by attack by a proximal alkene and formation of the silicon-carbon bond. In this work, detailed kinetic studies of the hydrosilylation on silicon with different doping levels, n++, p++, n, p, and intrinsic were carried out to provide further insight into the role of the metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) junction that is set up during the stamping.

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