Ligand Binding in the Catalytic Antibody 17E8. A Free Energy Perturbation Calculation Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (48) ◽  
pp. 11571-11577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Fox ◽  
Thomas S. Scanlan ◽  
Peter A. Kollman
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Catalytic Antibody ◽  
Perturbation Calculation ◽  
Energy Perturbation

Accurate Prediction of GPCR Ligand Binding Affinity with Free Energy Perturbation

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 5563-5579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Deflorian ◽  
Laura Perez-Benito ◽  
Eelke B Lenselink ◽  
Miles Congreve ◽  
Herman W. T. van Vlijmen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Accurate Prediction ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Energy Perturbation

scholarly journals An Improved Free Energy Perturbation FEP+ Sampling Protocol for Flexible Ligand-Binding Domains

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Fratev ◽  
suman sirimulla
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Sampling Schemes ◽  
Energy Perturbation

Recent improvements to free energy perturbation (FEP) calculations, especiallyFEP+, established their utility for pharmaceutical lead optimization. However, to dateFEP has typically been helpful only when (1) high-quality X-ray data is available and(2) the target protein does not undergo significant conformational changes. Also, alack of systematic studies on determining an adequate sampling time is often one ofthe primary limitations of FEP calculations. Herein, we propose a modified versionof the FEP/REST (i.e., replica exchange with solute tempering) sampling protocol,based on systematic studies on several targets by probing a large number of permutations with different sampling schemes. Improved FEP+ binding affinity predictions for regular flexible-loop (F-loop) motions and considerable structural changes can be obtained by extending the pre-REST sampling time from 0.24 ns to 5 ns/λand 2×10 ns/λ, respectively. We obtained much more precise ∆∆G calculations of the individual perturbations, including the sign of the transformations and less error. We extended the REST simulations from 5 ns to 8 ns to achieve reasonable free energy convergence.Implementing REST to the entire ligand as opposed to solely the perturbed region, and also some important flexible protein residues (pREST region) in ligand binding domain (LBD) , also considerably improved the FEP+ results in most of the studied cases. Preliminary molecular dynamics (MD) runs were useful for establishing the correct binding mode of the compounds and thus precise alignment for FEP+.<br>

Oversampling Free Energy Perturbation Simulation in Determination of the Ligand‐Binding Free Energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 611-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Son Tung Ngo ◽  
Trung Hai Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Tung ◽  
Pham Cam Nam ◽  
Khanh B. Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Binding Free Energy ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Energy Perturbation

scholarly journals An Improved Free Energy Perturbation FEP+ Sampling Protocol for Flexible Ligand-Binding Domains

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Fratev ◽  
Suman Sirimulla
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Sampling Schemes ◽  
Energy Perturbation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Energy Convergence

AbstractRecent improvements to the free energy perturbation (FEP) calculations, especially FEP+ , established their utility for pharmaceutical lead optimization. Herein, we propose a modified version of the FEP/REST (i.e., replica exchange with solute tempering) sampling protocol, based on detail studies on several targets by probing a large number of perturbations with different sampling schemes. Improved FEP+ binding affinity predictions for regular flexible-loop motions and considerable structural changes can be obtained by extending the prior to REST (pre-REST) sampling time from 0.24 ns/λ to 5 ns/λ and 2 × 10 ns/λ, respectively. With this new protocol, much more precise ∆∆G values of the individual perturbations, including the sign of the transformations and decreased error were obtained. We extended the REST simulations from 5 ns to 8 ns to achieve reasonable free energy convergence. Implementing REST to the entire ligand as opposed to solely the perturbed region, and also some important flexible protein residues (pREST region) in the ligand binding domain (LBD) has considerably improved the FEP+ results in most of the studied cases. Preliminary molecular dynamics (MD) runs were useful for establishing the correct binding mode of the compounds and thus precise alignment for FEP+ . Our improved protocol may further increase the FEP+ accuracy.

Docking and Free Energy Perturbation Studies of Ligand Binding in the Kappa Opioid Receptor

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 824-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahlia A. Goldfeld ◽  
Robert Murphy ◽  
Byungchan Kim ◽  
Lingle Wang ◽  
Thijs Beuming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Kappa Opioid Receptor ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Kappa Opioid ◽  
Energy Perturbation

scholarly journals An Improved Free Energy Perturbation FEP+ Sampling Protocol for Flexible Ligand-Binding Domains

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Fratev ◽  
suman sirimulla
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Sampling Schemes ◽  
Energy Perturbation

Recent improvements to free energy perturbation (FEP) calculations, especiallyFEP+, established their utility for pharmaceutical lead optimization. However, to dateFEP has typically been helpful only when (1) high-quality X-ray data is available and(2) the target protein does not undergo significant conformational changes. Also, alack of systematic studies on determining an adequate sampling time is often one ofthe primary limitations of FEP calculations. Herein, we propose a modified versionof the FEP/REST (i.e., replica exchange with solute tempering) sampling protocol,based on systematic studies on several targets by probing a large number of permutations with different sampling schemes. Improved FEP+ binding affinity predictions for regular flexible-loop (F-loop) motions and considerable structural changes can be obtained by extending the pre-REST sampling time from 0.24 ns to 5 ns/λand 2×10 ns/λ, respectively. We obtained much more precise ∆∆G calculations of the individual perturbations, including the sign of the transformations and less error. We extended the REST simulations from 5 ns to 8 ns to achieve reasonable free energy convergence.Implementing REST to the entire ligand as opposed to solely the perturbed region, and also some important flexible protein residues (pREST region) in ligand binding domain (LBD) , also considerably improved the FEP+ results in most of the studied cases. Preliminary molecular dynamics (MD) runs were useful for establishing the correct binding mode of the compounds and thus precise alignment for FEP+.<br>

scholarly journals Prediction of Accurate Binding Modes using Combination of classical and accelerated Molecular dynamics and Free Energy Perturbation Calculations: An Application to Toxicity Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Fratev ◽  
Thomas Steinbrecher ◽  
Svava Ósk Jónsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Protein Dynamics ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Free Energy Calculations ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Binding Modes ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Energy Perturbation

AbstractEstimating the correct binding modes of ligands in protein-ligand complexes is not only crucial in the drug discovery process, but also for elucidating potential toxicity mechanisms. In the current paper, we discuss and demonstrate a computational modelling protocol using the combination of docking, classical (cMD) and accelerated (aMD) molecular dynamics and free energy perturbation (FEP+ protocol) for identification of the binding modes of selected perfluorocarboxyl acids (PFCAs) in the PPARγ nuclear receptor.Initially, we employed both the regular and induced fit docking which failed to correctly predict the ligand binding modes and rank the compounds with respect to experimental free energies of binding, when they were docked into non-native X-ray structure. The cMD and aMD simulations identified the presence of multiple binding modes for these compounds, and the shorter chain PFCAs (C6-C8) continuously moved between a few energetically favourable binding conformations. These results demonstrate that the docking scoring function cannot rank compounds precisely in such cases, not due to its insufficiency, but because of the use of incorrect or only one unique bindings pose, neglecting the protein dynamics. Finally, based on MD predictions of binding conformations, the FEP+ sampling protocol was extended and then accurately reproduced experimental differences in the free energies. Thus, the preliminary MD simulations can also provide helpful information about correct set-up of the FEP+ calculations. These results show that the PFCAs binding modes were accurately predicted and the FEP+ protocol can be used to estimate free energies of binding of flexible molecules outside of typical drug-like compounds.Our in silico workflow revealed the main characteristics of the PFCAs, which are week PPARγ partial agonists and illustrated the importance of specific ligand-residue interactions within the LBD. This work also suggests a common workflow for identification of ligand binding modes, ligand-protein dynamics description and relative free energy calculations.

scholarly journals An Improved Free Energy Perturbation FEP+ Sampling Protocol for Flexible Ligand-Binding Domains

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Fratev ◽  
Suman Sirimulla
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Sampling Schemes ◽  
Energy Perturbation

Recent improvements to free energy perturbation (FEP) calculations, especiallyFEP+, established their utility for pharmaceutical lead optimization. However, to dateFEP has typically been helpful only when (1) high-quality X-ray data is available and(2) the target protein does not undergo significant conformational changes. Also, alack of systematic studies on determining an adequate sampling time is often one ofthe primary limitations of FEP calculations. Herein, we propose a modified versionof the FEP/REST (i.e., replica exchange with solute tempering) sampling protocol,based on systematic studies on several targets by probing a large number of permutations with different sampling schemes. Improved FEP+ binding affinity predictions for regular flexible-loop (F-loop) motions and considerable structural changes can be obtained by extending the pre-REST sampling time from 0.24 ns to 5 ns/λand 2×10 ns/λ, respectively. We obtained much more precise ∆∆G calculations of the individual perturbations, including the sign of the transformations and less error. We extended the REST simulations from 5 ns to 8 ns to achieve reasonable free energy convergence.Implementing REST to the entire ligand as opposed to solely the perturbed region, and also some important flexible protein residues (pREST region) in ligand binding domain (LBD) , also considerably improved the FEP+ results in most of the studied cases. Preliminary molecular dynamics (MD) runs were useful for establishing the correct binding mode of the compounds and thus precise alignment for FEP+.<br>

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