Cubic Group 13 Heterosiloxanes with Four Co3(CO)9C Cluster Units as Substituents:  Novel Soluble Model Compounds for Synthetic Zeolites Showing Catalytic Activity in Hydroformylation Reactions

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (36) ◽  
pp. 8580-8587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Ritter ◽  
Norbert Winkhofer ◽  
Ramaswamy Murugavel ◽  
Andreas Voigt ◽  
Dietmar Stalke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Soluble Model ◽  
Synthetic Zeolites

Esterification Research on a Bio-Oil Model Compounds System with an Optimal Solid Acid Catalyst

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 1144-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Ling Gu ◽  
Guo Hui Xu ◽  
Zuo Gang Guo ◽  
Shu Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Acid Amount ◽  
Bio Oil

Solid acid catalyst has high catalytic esterification activity but with a free acid excess problem. In this paper, washing pretreatments were adopted in the catalyst preparation processes and their influences on catalytic activity and residual free acid amount were investigated. Residual free acid amount can be reduced by 33% with both washing before calcinations and washing after calcinations pretreatments. But their influences on catalyst activities were different. Washing before calcinations pretreatment reduced the catalytic activity from 80.29% to 57.72% while the other washing pretreatment had little influence on the catalyst activity. In order to describe the influence mechanism of washing pretreatments, catalysts were characterized by FT-IR and XRD. Finally, typical compounds in bio-oil were selected to form a bio-oil model compounds system. The catalyst pretreated by washing after calcinations was used on the esterification research of this bio-oil model system. The volume ratio of propanol to bio-oil model compound was 3:1. The reaction temperature was 90 °C and the amount of catalyst was 2wt% of total liquid mass. Combined with the GC-MS qualitative and quantitative results, carboxylic acids, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid were converted to esters effectively.

Synthesis and Characterization of α-Diimine Complexes of Group 13 Metals and Their Catalytic Activity toward the Epoxidation of Alkenes

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (15) ◽  
pp. 7139-7141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor A. Koellner ◽  
Nicholas A. Piro ◽  
W. Scott Kassel ◽  
Christian R. Goldsmith ◽  
Christopher R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Diimine Complexes ◽  
Epoxidation Of Alkenes

Mild hydrodeoxygenation of phenolic lignin model compounds over a FeReOx/ZrO2 catalyst: zirconia and rhenium oxide as efficient dehydration promoters

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1472-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouya Sirous-Rezaei ◽  
Jungho Jae ◽  
Jeong-Myeong Ha ◽  
Chang Hyun Ko ◽  
Ji Man Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Trapping Potential ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Rhenium Oxide ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Lignin Model Compounds ◽  
Lignin Model ◽  
Zro2 Catalyst

FeReOx/ZrO2, with mesoporosity, oxophilicity and well-balanced acidity, reveals high catalytic activity and low phenolic trapping potential in mild HDO of phenolics.

Insights into the catalytic activity and surface modification of MoO3 during the hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived model compounds into aromatic hydrocarbons under low hydrogen pressures

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2660-2669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teerawit Prasomsri ◽  
Manish Shetty ◽  
Karthick Murugappan ◽  
Yuriy Román-Leshkov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Effective Catalyst ◽  
High Yields

MoO3 is an effective catalyst for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived oxygenates to generate high yields of aromatic hydrocarbons without ring-saturated products.

Natural zeolites for styrene oligomerization

Clay Minerals ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kowalak ◽  
A. Jankowska
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Zeolites ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Synthetic Zeolites ◽  
Molecular Sizes

AbstractHydrogen forms of natural mordenite and clinoptilolite were used as catalysts for styrene oligomerization and as matrices to hold the resultant oligomers in order to prepare intense and light-resistant pigments. In contrast to synthetic zeolites of similar pore sizes (mainly H-ZSM-5, H-mordenite), the natural zeolites did not form products with an intense (pink) colouration. H-mordenite samples treated with styrene developed some colour due to styrene oligomers (the chromophore) whereas, in treated clinoptilolites, colour formation was negligible due to the lack of access of styrene molecules into the elliptical channels. The results of catalytic tests for cracking of cumene (cumene and styrene have similar molecular sizes) were consistent with the styrene oligomerization results. They indicate a noticeable catalytic activity with natural H-mordenite and a lack of activity with clinoptilolite. On the other hand, catalytic tests for propan-2-ol decomposition indicate a high activity with both natural zeolites, which confirms the presence of acid sites and their accessibility to small alcohol molecules.

High resolution electron microscopy of lanthanum phosphate crystals

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
J. C. Wheatley ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lanthanum Phosphate ◽  
Good Catalyst ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Rare-earth phosphates are of particular interest because of their catalytic properties associated with the hydrolysis of many aromatic chlorides in the petroleum industry. Lanthanum phosphates (LaPO4) which have been doped with small amounts of copper have shown increased catalytic activity (1). However the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples leading to good catalytic activity are not known.Many catalysts are amorphous and thus do not easily lend themselves to methods of investigation which would include electron microscopy. However, the LaPO4, crystals are quite suitable samples for high resolution techniques.The samples used were obtained from William L. Kehl of Gulf Research and Development Company. The electron microscopy was carried out on a JEOL JEM-100B which had been modified for high resolution microscopy (2). Standard high resolution techniques were employed. Three different sample types were observed: 669A-1-5-7 (poor catalyst), H-L-2 (good catalyst) and 27-011 (good catalyst).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document