Visualization of a Discrete Solid-State Process with Steady-State X-ray Diffraction: Observation of Hopping of Sulfur Atoms in Single Crystals of Realgar

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (33) ◽  
pp. 11398-11401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panče Naumov ◽  
Petre Makreski ◽  
Gjorgji Petruševski ◽  
Tomče Runčevski ◽  
Gligor Jovanovski
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
State Process

Solid state properties of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and of its oligomers

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Marchessault ◽  
Suzanne Coulombe ◽  
Hiromichi Morikawa ◽  
Keizo Okamura ◽  
J. F. Revol
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Electron Diffractograms ◽  
Good Agreement

The solid state properties of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) were investigated for samples with degrees of polymerization [Formula: see text] from 4 to 994. The observed melting points ranged from 47 °C to 180 °C. Electron diffractograms on carefully prepared single crystals of a high molecular weight sample provided data which confirmed the reported a and b parameters from X-ray fiber diffraction and provided clear justification for the P212121 space group. The observed intensities in the electron diffractogram, corresponding to (hk0) reflections, were compared with the predicted intensities for two proposed structures in the literature. The observed and calculated structure factors for both structures were in good agreement. Small angle X-ray diffraction of the meridional maximum for annealed "cold drawn" and "hot drawn" fibers showed a distinctly different dependence on temperature than the maximum for stacks of lamellar single crystals. For oligomers a long spacing was observed which was about twice the length of the sample [Formula: see text] multiplied by the crystalline advance per monomer.

Single Crystal Formation by Solid-State Reaction Between p-Benzoquinone and 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Singh ◽  
A. Pathak ◽  
R. Fröhlich
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Carbonyl Oxygen ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Vapours of p-benzoquinone (BQ) have been found to react with solid 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (TCP). The reaction product (BQ-TCP) separated in the form of monoclinic single crystals, the structure of which was determined by X-ray diffraction to reveal that the two molecules are linked by a single hydrogen bond between the carbonyl oxygen of BQ and the phenolic hydrogen of TCP.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Crystal Growth, Structure, Crystalline Perfection, Thermal, Linear and Nonlinear Optical Investigations on 2-Amino-5-Nitropyridine 4-Chlorobenzoic Acid (1:1): A Novel Organic Single Crystal for NLO and Optical Limiting Optical Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivasubramani Vediyappan ◽  
Arumugam Raja ◽  
Ro Mu Jauhar ◽  
Ramachandran Kasthuri ◽  
Vishwanathan Vijayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Grown Crystal ◽  
Solid State Laser ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chlorobenzoic Acid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
532 Nm

Abstract 2-amino-5-nitropyridine 4-chlorobenzoic acid (1:1) (2A5NP4CBA), a potentially useful organic adduct compound has been synthesized and grown as optically transparent single crystals by conventional slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) for the first time in the literature. The formation of the new crystalline material was confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) analysis and the crystal structure of the grown crystal was found to be monoclinic. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum has been recorded by the KBr pellet technique to determine the various vibrational functional groups in the title material. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) analyses have been carried out and the obtained results reveal that the grown crystal has a single-phase and is free from structural grain boundaries. The obtained less value (32 arc-s) of full width at half maximum (FWHM) for (001) plane indicates the excellent crystalline quality of the title 2A5NP4CBA single crystal. The linear optical properties were evaluated by the UV-vis-NIR absorption and transmittance analyses and the obtained results reveal that the grown crystal possesses more than 70% of optical transmittance window with the cut-off edge at 419 nm. The thermal analysis discloses that the grown crystal possesses good thermal stability of about 187°C. To determine the appropriateness of the grown crystal for the high-power laser application, laser damage threshold (LDT) analysis has been carried out by Nd: YAG laser of a wavelength of 1064 nm. The third-order nonlinear optical coefficients such as nonlinear absorption (β), nonlinear refraction (n 2 ) and nonlinear susceptibility (χ (3) ) have been evaluated by utilizing the single beam Z-scan technique using a solid-state laser of wavelength 532 nm. The calculated ꭓ (3) value is found to be reasonably good compared to other organic single crystals which are reported in the literature. The optical limiting (OL) behavior of the title crystal was evaluated using a solid-state laser at 532 nm and the limiting threshold was found to be 7.8 mW/cm 2 .

scholarly journals Solid-state and Solution Studies on a β-Diketiminate Zinc Hydride Complex

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1397-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Schulz ◽  
Tamara Eisenmann ◽  
Daniella Schuchmann ◽  
Michael Bolte ◽  
Michael Kirchner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multinuclear Nmr ◽  
Hydride Complex ◽  
Solution Studies

[MesnacnacZn(μ-H)]2 (1) was synthesized by reaction of MesnacnacZnI with either an equimolar amount of KNH(iPr)BH3 or an excess of NaH and characterized by multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as X-ray diffraction. Two polymorphs of 1 were found and their structures determined on single crystals

Stability of the Perovskite Structure in BSPT-Based Ferroelectric Ceramics

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
De Jun Lan ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Ding Quan Xiao ◽  
Xi Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Morphotropic Phase Boundary ◽  
Perovskite Structure ◽  
Ferroelectric Ceramics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
State Process ◽  
The Stability

(1-x)BiScO3-xPbTiO3 (BSPT) based ferroelectric ceramics were prepared by conventional solid state process. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) separating the rhombohedral and tetragonal phases for the BSPT system exited near x=0.62. It was found that the stability of perovskite structure of the BSPT system was improved with the increase of PbTiO3 content. For the 0.36BiScO3-0.64Pb1-ySryTiO3 (BSPST) system, because of higher amount of ionic bonding, the stability of perovskite structure for BSPT compounds containing strontium is larger than that of non-strontium compound.

EM observation on poly(β-alanine) crystal formed by the thermal solid State polymerization

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-859
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Kimura ◽  
Hiroshi Sakabe ◽  
Hitoshi Morita ◽  
Takashi Itoh ◽  
Takashi Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Aminocaproic Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Solid State Polymerization

It is well known that several ω-amino acids are polymerized in the solid state. A single crystal of ε-aminocaproic acid has been reported to be polymerized in the solid state to be the biaxially oriented nylon 6. We also reported in the previous paper that the thermal solid state polymerization of glycine single crystal produced poly(glycine-I) crystal.In this paper,structure of poly(β-alanine) polymerized in the solid state is investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM).transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction.Commercial β-alanine (Nakarai Tesque,Inc.,Kyoto) was recrystallized three times from the distilled-water solution (lg/ml) at 80°C. The single crystal continued to grow gradually during 24 hr. The obtained single crystals with rhombic habit had clear cleavage planes. These single crystals about 10 mm in size were used as the original specimens. The polymerization procedure was carried out on the single crystals at temperatures between 140 and 170°C in an evacuated and subsequently sealed tube.

Selectivity assessment in host–guest complexes from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data: the cavitand–alcohol case

CrystEngComm ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (48) ◽  
pp. 10987-10996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita De Zorzi ◽  
Giovanna Brancatelli ◽  
Monica Melegari ◽  
Roberta Pinalli ◽  
Enrico Dalcanale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Competition Binding ◽  
State Selectivity

The solid-state selectivity of a cavitand receptor towards short alkyl chain alcohols was evaluated by analysis of X-ray diffraction data of isomorphous single crystals grown in competition binding experiments.

Solid State Syntheses and Structure of LaPdCd2 and PrNi0.951(4)Cd2

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Doğan ◽  
Ute Ch. Rodewald ◽  
Rainer Pöttgen
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Induction Furnace ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cadmium Compounds ◽  
Hexagonal Diamond ◽  
The Rare Earth

The intermetallic cadmium compounds LaPdCd2 and PrNi0.951(4)Cd2 were synthesized from the elements in sealed tantalum tubes in an induction furnace. Both phases were investigated by X-ray diffraction on powders and single crystals: MgCuAl2-type, Cmcm, Z = 4, a = 431.9(1), b = 1015.7(4), c = 835.7(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0436, 326 F2 values, 16 variables for LaPdCd2 and a = 420.26(8), b = 981.0(2), c = 815.3(1) pm, wR2 = 0.0404, 604 F2 values, 17 variables for PrNi0.951(4)Cd2. A small nickel deficit was observed for the PrNi0.951(4)Cd2 crystal. The cadmium atoms build up orthorhombically distorted three-dimensional networks (Cd-Cd distances: 302 - 334 pm) that resemble the structure of hexagonal diamond, lonsdaleite. Together with the palladium (nickel) atoms, [PdCd2] and [Ni0.951(4)Cd2] networks are formed which leave distorted hexagonal channels for the rare earth atoms.

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