Clear Distinction of Purine Bases on the Complementary Strand by a Fluorescence Change of a Novel Fluorescent Nucleoside

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (17) ◽  
pp. 4972-4973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akimitsu Okamoto ◽  
Kazuki Tainaka ◽  
Isao Saito
Keyword(s):  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Complementary Strand ◽  
Purine Bases ◽  
Fluorescence Change ◽  
Fluorescent Nucleoside

The Impact of Visual Stereotypes on Judgments about Rape

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Robert Busching ◽  
Johannes Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representations ◽  
Irrelevant Information ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Rape Myth ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Reverse Correlation ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Legal Judgments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Legally irrelevant information like facial features is used to form judgments about rape cases. Using a reverse-correlation technique, it is possible to visualize criminal stereotypes and test whether these representations influence judgments. In the first step, images of the stereotypical faces of a rapist, a thief, and a lifesaver were generated. These images showed a clear distinction between the lifesaver and the two criminal representations, but the criminal representations were rather similar. In the next step, the images were presented together with rape scenarios, and participants (N = 153) indicated the defendant’s level of liability. Participants with high rape myth acceptance scores attributed a lower level of liability to a defendant who resembled a stereotypical lifesaver. However, no specific effects of the image of the stereotypical rapist compared to the stereotypical thief were found. We discuss the findings with respect to the influence of visual stereotypes on legal judgments and the nature of these mental representations.

Legal Mechanism of Using Agent/s Undercover in Crime Detection of Organized Crime Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Atanas Brandev
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Joint Training ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Organized Crime Groups ◽  
Legal Mechanism ◽  
Laws And Regulations

AbstractUsed by undercover agents in detecting and documenting crimes committed by the so-called. ‘Organized crime groups’ is a relatively poorly used but extremely effective method. The latter is a combination of criminal procedure and special laws and regulations. The full use of undercover agents requires further enhancement of the legal safeguards for the protection of the employees in question, as well as a clear distinction between acts performed by the employees in question, whether or not in connection with their undercover activities, with or without the implementation of different composition of crime. Attention should be paid to the mechanisms for the selection and joint training of the latter, including through the exchange of experience of EU partner services.

Structure and Reactivity of Selected Pyrimidine and Purine Bases in the External Electric Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-278
Author(s):  
Józef Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Tomasik ◽  
Wojciech Ciesielski
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Purine Bases

Purine bases and nucleosides bearing functionalized C-substituents in position 6. Synthesis and biological activities

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Hocek ◽  
Peter Šilhár ◽  
Martin Kuchař ◽  
Zbyněk Hasník ◽  
Vítězslav Bambuch
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Purine Bases

scholarly journals Pyrimidine Derivatives and Purine Bases in Soils

1910 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
Oswald Schreiner ◽  
Edmund C. Shorey
Keyword(s):  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Purine Bases

scholarly journals Acid is a potential interferent in fluorescent sensing of chemical warfare agent vapors

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengqiang Fan ◽  
Genevieve H. Dennison ◽  
Nicholas FitzGerald ◽  
Paul L. Burn ◽  
Ian R. Gentle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Fluorescent Sensing ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Sensing Material ◽  
Fluorescence Change ◽  
Warfare Agents

AbstractA common feature of fluorescent sensing materials for detecting chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and simulants is the presence of nitrogen-based groups designed to nucleophilically displace a phosphorus atom substituent, with the reaction causing a measurable fluorescence change. However, such groups are also basic and so sensitive to acid. In this study we show it is critical to disentangle the response of a candidate sensing material to acid and CWA simulant. We report that pyridyl-containing sensing materials designed to react with a CWA gave a strong and rapid increase in fluorescence when exposed to Sarin, which is known to contain hydrofluoric acid. However, when tested against acid-free diethylchlorophosphate and di-iso-propylfluorophosphate, simulants typically used for evaluating novel G-series CWA sensors, there was no change in the fluorescence. In contrast, simulants that had been stored or tested under a standard laboratory conditions all led to strong changes in fluorescence, due to acid impurities. Thus the results provide strong evidence that care needs to be taken when interpreting the results of fluorescence-based solid-state sensing studies of G-series CWAs and their simulants. There are also implications for the application of these pyridyl-based fluorescence and other nucleophilic/basic sensing systems to real-world CWA detection.

scholarly journals Regulation of Activator/Dissociation Transposition by Replication and DNA Methylation

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 1723-1733
Author(s):  
Francesca Ros ◽  
Reinhard Kunze
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Complementary Strand ◽  
Regulatory Effect ◽  
Ds Excision ◽  
Dna Strand ◽  
Petunia Protoplasts ◽  
Ac Transposase ◽  
High Binding Affinity

Abstract In maize the transposable elements Activator/Dissociation (Ac/Ds) transpose shortly after replication from one of the two resulting chromatids (“chromatid selectivity”). A model has been suggested that explains this phenomenon as a consequence of different affinity for Ac transposase binding to holo-, hemi-, and unmethylated transposon ends. Here we demonstrate that in petunia cells a holomethylated Ds is unable to excise from a nonreplicating vector and that replication restores excision. A Ds element hemi-methylated on one DNA strand transposes in the absence of replication, whereas hemi-methylation of the complementary strand causes a >6.3-fold inhibition of Ds excision. Consistently in the active hemi-methylated state, the Ds ends have a high binding affinity for the transposase, whereas binding to inactive ends is strongly reduced. These results provide strong evidence for the above-mentioned model. Moreover, in the absence of DNA methylation, replication enhances Ds transposition in petunia protoplasts >8-fold and promotes formation of a predominant excision footprint. Accordingly, replication also has a methylation-independent regulatory effect on transposition.

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