THE FREE ENERGY OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION.

1916 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid

THE FREE ENERGY OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION. II.

1917 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2532-2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur A. Noyes ◽  
James H. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid

Studying dispersed and rheological properties of hydrocarbon-containing acid emulsions and their efficiency in removing asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Shumakher ◽  
V. V. Konovalov ◽  
A. P. Melnikov
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Hydrocarbon Solvents ◽  
Formation Zone ◽  
Effect Of The Composition

Currently, the treatment of the bottomhole formation zone with acidic compositions is one of the most common methods to intensify the oil inflow. The use of various modified acid compositions increases the efficiency of acid treatments on the bottomhole formation zone. Acid compositions, including those containing hydrocarbon solvents, which contribute to more efficient removal of organic colmatants, affect the reaction rate of the reagent with the rock and processing equipment, change the reservoir properties, etc.The article presents the results of experimental studies, which are aimed at establishing the effect of the composition of hydrocarbon-containing acidic emulsions consisting of an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, toluene and Neonol AF 9-10 on their dispersed and rheological properties, as well as their efficiency in removing paraffin deposits.

DETERMINATION OF TRACE AMOUNTS OF SILVER IN GALENA ORES

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1488-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Bounsall ◽  
W. A. E. McBryde
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Silver Content ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Aqueous Sodium

An analytical method is described for the determination of microgram amounts of silver in galena ores, based on the "reversion" of silver dithizonate. Silver is separated from relatively large amounts of lead by extraction as dithizonate into chloroform from an aqueous 1:99 nitric acid solution. Separation from mercury, which is also extracted under these conditions and would, if present, interfere in the analysis, is achieved by reverting the dithizonate solution with a 5% aqueous sodium chloride solution which is also 0.015 molar in hydrochloric acid. Following dilution of this aqueous solution and adjustment of pH, silver is again extracted into chloroform as the dithizonate, and determined absorptiometrically. Analyses of a number of galena ore samples showed a precision of within 3% for a silver content ranging from 0.03 to 0.4%.Some other methods for isolating silver from these samples, which were tried but found unsatisfactory, are discussed.

Sorption of Pb(II) by poly(hydroxamic acid) grafted oil palm empty fruit bunch

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1788-1793
Author(s):  
M. J. Haron ◽  
M. Tiansin ◽  
N. A. Ibrahim ◽  
A. Kassim ◽  
W. M. Z. Wan Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Hydroxamic Acid ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Enthalpy Change ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

This paper describes the sorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber was first grafted with poly(methylacrylate) and then treated with hydroxylammonium chloride in alkaline medium to produce hydroxamic acid (PHA) grafted OPEFB. Sorption of Pb(II) by PHA-OPEFB was maximum at pH 5. The sorption followed the Langmuir model with maximum capacityof 125.0 mg g−1 at 25°C. The sorption process was exothermic, as shown by the negative value of enthalpy change, ΔH0. The free energy change (ΔG0) for the sorption was negative, showing that the sorption process was spontaneous. A kinetic study showed that the Pb(II) sorption followed a second order kinetic model.

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