Reduction of Organic Compounds by Lithium in Low Molecular Weight Amines. III. Reduction of Aromatic Compounds Containing Functional Groups

1955 ◽  
Vol 77 (22) ◽  
pp. 6042-6045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Benkeser ◽  
Charles Arnold ◽  
Rogers F. Lambert ◽  
Owen H. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

scholarly journals Effect of Oxidation on the Formation of Disinfectant By-products of Low Molecular Weight Organic Matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Hidayah ◽  
O. H. Cahyonugroho ◽  
M. Mirwan ◽  
R. B. Pachwarya ◽  
M. K. Asrori
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Aromatic Compound ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Oxidation Potential ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
By Products

Some natural organic compounds (NOC) such as aromatic compounds can trigger the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). In chlorination (disinfectant) process resultant water quality depletes. Some safe alternative oxidants are needed for cleaning water pollutants. KMnO4 had shown better oxidation results, especially for reducing aromatic and non-aromatic organic compounds present in water. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of KMnO4 and Ca(OCl)2 oxidants on the concentration of high and low molecular weight organic matter including aromatic compounds in the water sample. In this experiment, artificial organic compounds, namely sinapic acid (high molecular weight aromatic compound) and resorcinol (low molecular weight aromatic compound) were used to identify the characteristic of organic matter under different molecular weights. Sinapic acid and resorcinol were oxidized by using KMnO4 and Ca(OCl)2 with a minimum contact time of 60 minutes. Samples were analyzed for aromatic contents and total organic carbon (TOC) before and after completion of the experiment by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 254 nm wavelength (UV254). It has been observed that both oxidants increased TOC concentration. Ca(OCl)2 produces a higher percentage of organic matter degradation by-products (DBPs) such as chloroform (CHCl3) a highly toxic compound than KMnO4. Since Ca(OCl)2 has a higher oxidation potential than KMnO4. It has been observed that KMnO4 is a safer oxidant than Ca(OCl)2 as potassium permanganate produces less amount of DBPs.

Terpenes, Phenylpropanoids, Sulfur and Other Essential Oil Constituents as Inhibitors of Cholinesterases

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (26) ◽  
pp. 4297-4343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franko Burčul ◽  
Ivica Blažević ◽  
Mila Radan ◽  
Olivera Politeo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds ◽  
Nitrogen Containing Compounds

: Essential oils constituents are a diverse family of low molecular weight organic compounds with comprehensive biological activity. According to their chemical structure, these active compounds can be divided into four major groups: terpenes, terpenoids, phenylpropenes, and "others". In addition, they may contain diverse functional groups according to which they can be classified as hydrocarbons (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and aliphatic hydrocarbons); oxygenated compounds (monoterpene and sesquiterpene alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and other oxygenated compounds); and sulfur and/or nitrogen containing compounds (thioesters, sulfides, isothiocyanates, nitriles, and others). : Compounds that act as cholinesterase inhibitors still represent the only pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer´s disease. Numerous in vitro studies showed that some compounds, found in essential oils, have a promising cholinesterase inhibitory activity, such as α-pinene, δ-3-carene, 1,8-cineole, carvacrol, thymohydroquinone, α- and β-asarone, anethole, etc. : Essential oils constituents are a diverse family of low molecular weight organic compounds with comprehensive biological activity. According to their chemical structure, these active compounds can be divided into four major groups: terpenes, terpenoids, phenylpropenes, and "others". In addition, they may contain diverse functional groups according to which they can be classified as hydrocarbons (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and aliphatic hydrocarbons); oxygenated compounds (monoterpene and sesquiterpene alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and other oxygenated compounds); and sulfur and/or nitrogen containing compounds (thioesters, sulfides, isothiocyanates, nitriles, and others).

Phase-partitioning and chemical reactions of low molecular weight organic compounds in fog

Tellus B ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Facchini ◽  
S. Fuzzi ◽  
J. A. Lind ◽  
H. Fierlinger-Oberlinninger ◽  
M. Kalina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Phase Partitioning

scholarly journals Effect of WC/Ni–Cr additive on changes in the composition of an atmospheric residue in the course of cracking

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina S. Pevneva ◽  
Natalya G. Voronetskaya ◽  
Nikita N. Sviridenko ◽  
Anatoly K. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Atmospheric Residue ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Catalytic Additive ◽  
Sulfur Containing Compounds

AbstractThe paper presents the results of investigation of changes in the composition of hydrocarbons and sulfur-containing compounds of an atmospheric residue in the course of cracking in the presence of a tungsten carbide–nickel–chromium (WC/Ni–Cr) catalytic additive and without it. The cracking is carried out in an autoclave at 500 °C for 30 min. The addition of the WC/Ni–Cr additive promotes the deepening of reactions of destruction not only of resins and asphaltenes, but also high molecular weight naphthene-aromatic compounds of the atmospheric residue. It is shown that the content of low molecular weight C9–C17 n-alkanes and C9–C10 alkylbenzenes rose sharply in the products of cracking with addition of WC/Ni–Cr in comparison with those produced without the additive. Alkyl- and naphthene-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons of benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene series, polyarenes, benzo- and dibenzothiophenes are identified.

scholarly journals A new bacterial alcohol dehydrogenase active on degraded lignin and several low molecular weight aromatic compounds

1989 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Pelmont ◽  
Catherine Tournesac ◽  
Ahmed Mliki ◽  
Michel Barrelle ◽  
Claude Beguin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Low Molecular Weight
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